-
M Ambrosio,
R Antolini,
G Auriemma,
R Baker,
A Baldini,
G.C Barbarino,
B.C Barish,
G Battistoni,
R Bellotti,
C Bemporad, [......],
M Spurio,
R Steinberg,
J.L Stone,
L.R Sulak,
A Surdo,
G Tarlé,
V Togo, V Valente,
C.W Walter,
R Webb
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this letter we present the results of the search for massive magnetic monopoles in the penetrating cosmic ray radiation using the various subdetectors of the MACRO apparatus, during the period 1989–1995. Flux limits are given for the range 4 × 10−5 < β < 1; for 10−4 < β < 10−1 the limits are below the Parker bound, ∼ 10−15 cm−2s−1sr−1.
Physics Letters B 02/2013; 406(3):249-255. · 3.95 Impact Factor
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S AHLEN,
M AMBROSIO,
R ANTOLINI,
G AURIEMMA,
A BALDINI,
GC BARBARINO,
B BARISH,
G BATTISTONI,
R BELLOTTI,
C BEMPORAD, [......],
A SURDO,
G TARLE,
A TAZZIOLI,
V TOGO, V VALENTE,
GR VERDONE,
CW WALTER,
R WEBB,
F WELTE,
W WORSTELL
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper the design, construction and performance of the lower part of the first supermodule of the MACRO detector is described.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 02/2013; 324(1-2):337-362. · 1.21 Impact Factor
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M. Ambrosio,
R. Antolini,
G. Auriemma,
R. Baker,
A. Baldini,
G. C. Barbarino,
B. C. Barish,
G. Battistoni,
R. Bellotti,
C. Bemporad, [......],
M. Spurio,
R. Steinberg,
J. L. Stone,
L. R. Sulak,
A. Surdo,
G. Tarlé,
V. Togo, V. Valente,
C. W. Walter,
R. Webb
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Multimuon data from the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso have been analyzed using a new method, which allows one to estimate the primary cosmic ray fluxes. The estimated all-particle spectrum is higher and flatter than the one obtained from direct measurements but is consistent with EAS array measurements. The spectral indexes of the fitted energy spectrum are 2.56±0.05 for E<500 TeV and 2.9±0.3 for E>5000 TeV with a gradual change at intermediate energies. The average mass number shows little dependence on the primary energy below 1000 TeV, with a value of 10.1±2.5 at 100 TeV. At higher energies the best fit average mass shows a mild increase with energy, even though no definite conclusion can be reached taking into account errors. The fitted spectra cover a range from ∼ 50 TeV up to several thousand TeV.
Physical Review D 02/2013; 56(3):1418-1436. · 4.56 Impact Factor
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M. Ambrosio,
R. Antolini,
G. Auriemma,
R. Baker,
A. Baldini,
G. C. Barbarino,
B. C. Barish,
G. Battistoni,
R. Bellotti,
C. Bemporad, [......],
M. Spurio,
R. Steinberg,
J. L. Stone,
L. R. Sulak,
A. Surdo,
G. Tarlé,
V. Togo, V. Valente,
C. W. Walter,
R. Webb
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper, the first of a two-part work, we present the reconstruction and measurement of muon events detected underground by the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso (Eμ>~ 1.3 TeV in atmosphere). The main aim of this work is to discuss the muon multiplicity distribution as measured in the detector. The data sample analyzed consists of 4.4×106 muon events, of which ∼ 263 000 are multiple muons, corresponding to a total live time of 5850 h. In this sample, the observed multiplicities extend above Nμ=35, with intermuon separations up to 50 m and beyond. Additional complementing measurements, such as the inclusive muon flux, the angular distribution, and the muon separation distribution (decoherence), are also included. The physical interpretation of the results presented here is reported in the following companion paper.
Physical Review D 02/2013; 56(3):1407-1417. · 4.56 Impact Factor
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G Giacomelli,
M. Ambrosio,
R Antolini,
G. Auriemma,
R Baker,
A Baldini,
B B Bam,
G C Barbarino,
B. C. Barish,
G Battistoni, [......],
R Steinberg,
J L Stone,
Lawrence R Sulak,
A Surdo,
G Tarlé,
V. Togo, V Valente,
C W Walter,
R Webb,
W Worstell
02/2013;
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MACRO Collabortion,
R. Bellotti,
F. Cafagna,
M. Calicchio,
G. de Cataldo,
C. de Marzo,
O. Erriquez,
C. Favuzzi,
N. Giglietto,
E. Nappi, [......],
A. Sciubba,
M. Severi,
P. Green,
R. Webb,
V. Bisi,
P. Giubellino,
A. Marzari Chiesa,
M. Masera,
M. Monteno,
L. Ramello
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: It is viewed that in stellar evolution stars in the range of 8 to 12 solar masses evolve gradually as increasingly heavier nuclei are produced and then consumed in a series of exothermic thermonuclear processes ultimately leading to the formation of a core composed almost entirely of nickel and iron. When the mass of this hot iron-nickel core reaches the critical value of approximately 1.4 solar masses, electron degeneracy pressure is no longer able to support the outer layers of the star and a collapse process begins. Since the core has exhausted its thermonuclear fuel, further stages of thermonuclear burning cannot prevent a runaway collapse. As the density reaches 10 to the 10th power gm sub/cm at a temperature near 10 to the 10th power k, most of the heavy nuclei are dissociated into free nucleons and electron capture on free protons leads to a decrease in the degeneracy pressure and further acceleration of the collapse process. Although this general picture has received substantial confirmation over the past two decades with the discovery of radio pulsars (neutron stars), X-ray pulsars (accreting binary neutron stars) and Cyg X-1 (probably an accreting black hole), an actual neutrino burst is not yet convincingly detected.
European Physical Journal C 02/2013; 37(3):265. · 3.63 Impact Factor
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F. Ameli,
S. Aiello,
A. Aloisio,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
C. Avanzini,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri, [......],
V. Sipala,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
M. Vecchi,
P. Vicini,
R. Wischnewski
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The NEMO collaboration proposes to build an underwater neutrino telescope located South-East off the Sicily coast. This paper describes the concepts underlying the communication link design going over the whole data acquisition and transport from the front-end electronics to the module sending data on-shore through a fiber optic link which relies on Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing. An on-shore board, plugged into a PC, extracts and distributes data both to first-level trigger and control systems. Underwater apparatus monitoring and controls are guaranteed by oceanographic instruments and dedicated sensors, whose data are packed and sent back to shore using the same optical link. The communication is fully bidirectional, allowing transmission of timing and control commands. The architecture described here provides a complete real-time data transport layer between the onshore laboratory and the underwater detector. During winter 2006 a first prototype of the apparatus has been deployed: calibration results from the currently working system are here reported.
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 03/2008; · 1.45 Impact Factor
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E. Migneco,
S. Aiello,
A. Aloisio,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri, [......],
F. Speziale,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
M. Vecchi,
P. Vicini,
R. Wischnewski
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The status of the activities towards the realization of a km3 Cherenkov neutrino detector carried out by the NEMO Collaboration is described. The realization of a Phase-1 project, which is under way, will validate the proposed technologies for the realization of the km3 detector on a Test Site at 2000 m depth. The realization of a new infrastructure on the candidate site (Phase-2 project) will provide the possibility to test detector components at 3500 m depth.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 01/2008; · 1.21 Impact Factor
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A. Capone,
S. Aiello,
A. Aloisio,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri, [......],
M. Spurio,
F. Stefani,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
M. Vecchi,
P. Vicini,
R. Wischnewski
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The latest results and the activities towards the realization of a km3 Cherenkov neutrino detector carried out by the NEMO Collaboration are described. The realization of a Phase-1 project has validated all relevant technologies proposed for the realization of the km3 detector on a test site at 2000 m depth. The realization of a new infrastructure on the candidate Capo Passero site (for Phase-2 project) will provide the possibility to test detector components at 3500 m depth.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 01/2008; · 1.21 Impact Factor
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I. AMORE,
S. AIELLO,
M. AMBRIOLA,
F. AMELI,
M. ANGHINOLFI,
A. ANZALONE,
G. BARBARINO,
E. BARBARITO,
M. BATTAGLIERI,
R. BELLOTTI, [......],
E. SHIROKOV,
F. SIMEONE,
V. SIPALA,
M. SPURIO,
M. TAIUTI,
G. TERRENI,
L. TRASATTI,
S. URSO, V. VALENTE,
P. VICINI
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The status of the project is described: the activity on long term characterization of water optical and oceanographic parameters at the Capo Passero site candidate for the Mediterranean km3 neutrino telescope; the feasibility study; the physics performances and underwater technology for the km3; the activity on NEMO Phase 1, a technological demonstrator that has been deployed at 2000 m depth 25 km offshore Catania; the realization of an underwater infrastructure at 3500 m depth at the candidate site (NEMO Phase 2).
International Journal of Modern Physics A 08/2007; 22(21):3509. · 1.05 Impact Factor
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M Ageron,
J A Aguilar,
A Albert,
F Ameli,
M Anghinolfi,
G Anton,
S Anvar,
F Ardellier-Desages,
E Aslanides,
J-J Aubert, [......],
G Wijnker,
P De,
Witt Huberts,
G Wobbe,
E De Wolf,
A-F Yao,
D Zaborov,
H Zaccone,
J D Zornoza,
J Zúñiga
04/2007;
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S. Aiello,
M. Ambriola,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri,
R. Bellotti, [......],
E. Shirokov,
F. Simeone,
V. Sipala,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
P. Vicini
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper are presented the results of Monte Carlo simulations on the capability of the proposed NEMO-km3 telescope to detect TeV muon neutrinos from Galactic microquasars. For each known microquasar we compute the number of detectable events, together with the atmospheric neutrino and muon background events. We also discuss the detector sensitivity to neutrino fluxes expected from known microquasars, optimizing the event selection also to reject the background; the number of events surviving the event selection are given. The best candidates are the steady microquasars SS433 and GX339-4 for which we estimate a sensitivity of about 5 · 10�11 erg/cm2 s; the predicted fluxes are expected to be well above this sensitivity. For bursting microquasars the most interesting candidates are Cygnus X-3, GRO J1655-40 and XTE J1118+480: their analyses are more complicated because of the stochastic nature of the bursts.
Astroparticle Physics 03/2007; 28(2007):1-9. · 3.22 Impact Factor
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S. Aiello,
M. Ambriola,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri,
R. Bellotti, [......],
E. Shirokov,
F. Simeone,
V. Sipala,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
P. Vicini
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper are presented the results of Monte Carlo simulations on the capability of the proposed NEMO-km3 telescope to detect TeV muon neutrinos from Galactic microquasars. For each known microquasar we compute the number of detectable events, together with the atmospheric neutrino and muon background events. We also discuss the detector sensitivity to neutrino fluxes expected from known microquasars, optimizing the event selection also to reject the background; the number of events surviving the event selection are given. The best candidates are the steady microquasars SS433 and GX339-4 for which we estimate a sensitivity of about 5 × 10−11 erg/cm2 s; the predicted fluxes are expected to be well above this sensitivity. For bursting microquasars the most interesting candidates are Cygnus X-3, GRO J1655-40 and XTE J1118+480: their analyses are more complicated because of the stochastic nature of the bursts.
Astroparticle Physics. 03/2007; 28(2007):1-9.
-
G. Riccobene,
A. Capone,
S. Aiello,
M. Ambriola,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
C. Avanzini,
G. Barbarino, [......],
E. Shirokov,
F. Simeone,
V. Sipala,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
P. Vicini
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The NEMO (NEutrino Mediterranean Observatory) Collaboration has been carrying out since 1998 an evaluation programme of deep sea sites suitable for the construction of the future Mediterranean km3 Cˇ erenkov neutrino telescope. We investigated the seawater optical and oceanographic properties of several deep sea marine areas close to the Italian Coast. Inherent optical properties (light absorption and attenuation coefficients) have been measured as a function of depth using an experimental apparatus equipped with standard oceanographic probes and the commercial transmissometer AC9 manufactured by WETLabs. This paper reports on the visible light absorption and attenuation coefficients measured in deep seawater of a marine region located in the Southern Ionian Sea, 60–100 km SE of Capo Passero (Sicily). Data show that blue light absorption coefficient is about 0.015 m�1 (corresponding to an absorption length of 67 m) close to the one of optically pure water and it does not show seasonal variation.
Astroparticle Physics 08/2006; 27(2007):1-9. · 3.22 Impact Factor
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E. Migneco,
S. Aiello,
M. Ambriola,
F. Ameli,
I. Amore,
M. Anghinolfi,
A. Anzalone,
G. Barbarino,
E. Barbarito,
M. Battaglieri, [......],
E. Shirokov,
F. Simeone,
V. Sipala,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
G. Terreni,
L. Trasatti,
S. Urso, V. Valente,
P. Vicini
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The activities towards the realization of a km3 Cherenkov neutrino detector carried out by the NEMO Collaboration are described. Long-term exploration of a 3500 m deep-sea site close to the Sicilian coast has shown that it is optimal for the installation of the detector. The realization of a Phase-1 project, which is under way, will validate the proposed technologies for the realization of the km3 detector on a Test Site at 2000 m depth. The realization of a new infrastructure on the candidate site (Phase-2 project) will provide the possibility to test detector components at 3500 m depth.
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment 01/2006; 567(2):444-451. · 1.21 Impact Factor
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E. Migneco,
S. Aiello,
E. Amato,
M. Ambriola,
F. Ameli,
G. Andronico,
M. Anghinolfi,
M. Battaglieri,
R. Bellotti,
A. Bersani, [......],
J.P. Schuller,
M. Sedita,
I. Sokalski,
M. Spurio,
M. Taiuti,
L. Trasatti,
L. Ursella, V. Valente,
P. Vicini,
G. Zanarini
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The activities towards the realisation of a km3 Cherenkov neutrino detector, carried out by the NEMO Collaboration are described. Long term exploration of a 3500 m deep site close to the Sicilian coast has shown that it is optimal for the installation of the detector. A complete feasibility study, that has considered all the components of the detector as well as its deployment, has been carried out demonstrating that technological solutions exist for the realization of an underwater km3 detector. The realization of a technological demonstrator (the NEMO Phase 1 project) is under way.
Nuclear Physics B 10/2004; 136(2004):61-68. · 4.66 Impact Factor
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Collaboration P Antares,
Amram,
M Anghinolfi,
S Anvar,
F E Ardellier-Desages,
E Aslanides,
J.-J Aubert,
R Azoulay,
D Bailey,
S Basa, [......],
S Zavatarelli,
J De,
D Zornoza,
U U~,
N Niga,
Cefrem Collaboration,
J.-C Alo€,
Isi,
Ph Kerherv,
A Monaco
Astroparticle Physics. 01/2003; 19:253-267.
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Collaboration P Antares,
Amram,
M Anghinolfi,
S Anvar,
F E Ardellier-Desages,
E Aslanides,
J.-J Aubert,
R Azoulay,
D Bailey,
S Basa, [......],
S Zavatarelli,
J De,
D Zornoza,
U U~,
N Niga,
Cefrem Collaboration,
J.-C Alo€,
Isi,
Ph Kerherv,
A Monaco
Astroparticle Physics. 01/2003; 19:253-267.
-
M. Ambrosio,
R. Antolini,
G. Auriemma,
R. Baker,
A. Baldini,
G. C. Barbarino,
C. Barish,
G. Battistoni,
R. Bellotti,
C. Bemporad, [......],
R. Steinberg,
J. L. Stone,
L. R. Sulak,
A. Surdo,
G. Tarle,
V. Togo, V. Valente,
E. Vilela,
C. W. Walter,
R. Webb
Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements 01/1998; 61:180-184. · 0.88 Impact Factor
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R. Bellotti,
F. Cafagna,
M. Calicchio,
M. Castellano,
G. De Cataldo,
C. De Marzo,
O. Erriquez,
C. Favuzzi,
P. Fusco,
N. Giglietto, [......],
P. Bernardini,
G. Mancarella,
D. Martello,
O. Palamara,
S. Petrera,
P. Pistilli,
M. Ricciardi,
A. Surdo,
R. Baker,
and others
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper, the first of a two-part work, we present the reconstruction and measurement of muon events detected underground by the MACRO experiment at Gran Sasso (E{sub {mu}}{ge} 1.3 TeV in atmosphere). The main aim of this work is to discuss the muon multiplicity distribution as measured in the detector. The data sample analyzed consists of 4.4{times}10{sup 6} muon events, of which {approximately} 263000 are multiple muons, corresponding to a total live time of 5850 h. In this sample, the observed multiplicities extend above N{sub {mu}}=35, with intermuon separations up to 50 m and beyond. Additional complementing measurements, such as the inclusive muon flux, the angular distribution, and the muon separation distribution (decoherence), are also included. The physical interpretation of the results presented here is reported in the following companion paper. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}
Physical Review, D. 07/1997; 56(3).
