Publications (8)19.54 Total impact
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Article: Hb(mass) for anti-doping purposes should be assessed in combination with hemoglobin and blood volume.
International Journal of Sports Medicine 06/2012; 33(6):502. · 2.43 Impact Factor -
Article: Epigenetic biomarkers: A new perspective in laboratory diagnostics.
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ABSTRACT: Epigenetics comprises the study of chemical modifications in the DNA and histones that regulates the gene expression or cellular phenotype. However, during the last decade this term has evolved after the elucidation of different mechanisms (microRNAs and nuclear organization of the chromosomes) involved in regulating gene expression. Epigenetics and the new designed technologies capable to analyze epigenetic changes (e.g., methylated DNA, miRNAs expression, post-translational modifications on histones among others) have disclosed an appealing scenario that will offer for the biomedical sciences new biomarkers for the study of neurodegenerative diseases, multifactorial complex diseases, rare diseases and cancer. Moreover, new technologies adapted for epigenetic studies will offer promising applications that in the next years will be common technologies in clinical laboratories. In this review we discuss epigenetic modifications used as possible biomarkers in several diseases. We also present the potential of methodologies to purify histones, and high throughput technologies as candidates to be set in clinical laboratories for their high potential analyzing epigenetic processes.Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry 06/2012; 413(19-20):1576-82. · 2.54 Impact Factor -
Article: Exercise acts as a drug; the pharmacological benefits of exercise.
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ABSTRACT: The beneficial effects of regular exercise for the promotion of health and cure of diseases have been clearly shown. In this review, we would like to postulate the idea that exercise can be considered as a drug. Exercise causes a myriad of beneficial effects for health, including the promotion of health and lifespan, and these are reviewed in the first section of this paper. Then we deal with the dosing of exercise. As with many drugs, dosing is extremely important to get the beneficial effects of exercise. To this end, the organism adapts to exercise. We review the molecular signalling pathways involved in these adaptations because understanding them is of great importance to be able to prescribe exercise in an appropriate manner. Special attention must be paid to the psychological effects of exercise. These are so powerful that we would like to propose that exercise may be considered as a psychoactive drug. In moderate doses, it causes very pronounced relaxing effects on the majority of the population, but some persons may even become addicted to exercise. Finally, there may be some contraindications to exercise that arise when people are severely ill, and these are described in the final section of the review. Our general conclusion is that exercise is so effective that it should be considered as a drug, but that more attention should be paid to the dosing and to individual variations between patients.British Journal of Pharmacology 04/2012; 167(1):1-12. · 4.41 Impact Factor -
Article: Cycling: to race or to live - reflections on skewed priorities?
International Journal of Sports Medicine 08/2011; 32(8):648-9. · 2.43 Impact Factor -
Article: Increased average longevity among the "Tour de France" cyclists.
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ABSTRACT: It is widely held among the general population and even among health professionals that moderate exercise is a healthy practice but long term high intensity exercise is not. The specific amount of physical activity necessary for good health remains unclear. To date, longevity studies of elite athletes have been relatively sparse and the results are somewhat conflicting. The Tour de France is among the most gruelling sport events in the world, during which highly trained professional cyclists undertake high intensity exercise for a full 3 weeks. Consequently we set out to determine the longevity of the participants in the Tour de France, compared with that of the general population. We studied the longevity of 834 cyclists from France (n=465), Italy (n=196) and Belgium (n=173) who rode the Tour de France between the years 1930 and 1964. Dates of birth and death of the cyclists were obtained on December 31 (st) 2007. We calculated the percentage of survivors for each age and compared them with the values for the pooled general population of France, Italy and Belgium for the appropriate age cohorts. We found a very significant increase in average longevity (17%) of the cyclists when compared with the general population. The age at which 50% of the general population died was 73.5 vs. 81.5 years in Tour de France participants. Our major finding is that repeated very intense exercise prolongs life span in well trained practitioners. Our findings underpin the importance of exercising without the fear that becoming exhausted might be bad for one's health.International Journal of Sports Medicine 05/2011; 32(8):644-7. · 2.43 Impact Factor -
Article: The hybrid algorithm (Hbmr) to fight against blood doping in sports.
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports 12/2010; 20(6):789-90; author reply 792-3. · 2.87 Impact Factor -
Article: Alternate methods to prevent protease use as a masking agent in sport.
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ABSTRACT: Manipulation of urinary samples in sports drug testing with proteases is being used by athletes as masking agents to complicate or inhibit the detection of peptide hormones and proteins such as erythropoietin, human growth hormones or insulin. A great number of strategies have been suggested to prevent the use of proteases. The main problem in the use of proteases is that athletes have usually introduced proteases into the urethra before delivering a doping control urine sample. We propose a viable, relatively simple, and inexpensive solution to prevent the use of proteases in sports.Journal of science and medicine in sport / Sports Medicine Australia. 04/2010; 13(5):473-4. -
Article: Desmopresssin and hemodilution: implications in doping.
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ABSTRACT: Blood doping improves physical performance in sport. This is the reason why the antidoping authorities subject athletes to blood tests. Plasma volume expanders are prohibited agents used to reduce an artificial increase in hematological values using different illegal practices. The aim of our study was to test whether desmopressin (DDAVP)-induced hemodilution would alter the concentration of hematological parameters used to detect blood doping in sports. This was an intra-subject crossover study. Venous blood samples were obtained from eight physically active males on two occasions. On the first occasion the subjects ingested 1.5 L of mineral water and 4.3 microg/kg of DDAVP. On the second occasion the subjects ingested 1.5 L of mineral water. The samples were analyzed for hematocrit, hemoglobin, reticulocytes, OFF Hr-Score, glucose, albumin, creatinine and total proteins. After treatment with DDAVP we found a significant decrease in the hematocrit, hemoglobin and in the OFF Hr-Score values. We also found a significant decrease in glucose, albumin, creatinine and total proteins concentration; however, in this case, all the values were significantly below the physiological levels. Treatment with DDAVP has a very effective hemodilution effect. We consider that this substance should be included in the WADA's prohibited list.International Journal of Sports Medicine 11/2009; 31(1):5-9. · 2.43 Impact Factor
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Institutions
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2009–2011
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University of Valencia
- Departamento de Fisiología
Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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