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ABSTRACT: Malignant lymphomas of the female genital tract are very uncommon, and the development of a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma involving the vagina following treatment for classic Hodgkin lymphoma is extremely rare. Clinically and morphologically, this entity represents a challenge. We herein report such a case with liquid-based Pap test and tissue biopsy findings. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2011;. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Diagnostic Cytopathology 09/2011; · 1.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: PAX8 is a nuclear transcription factor with limited expression in normal and neoplastic tissues in a cell lineage-dependent manner. PAX8 has been detected in embryonic Müllerian ducts, human fallopian tubes, and ovarian carcinomas. However, little is known about its expression in other areas of the female genital tract. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to examine PAX8 expression in the normal uterine corpus and cervix, malignant tumors arising from these sites, and malignant effusions. We reported here that PAX8 was also detected in endometrial epithelial cells and endocervical glands, with a lower expression level in the latter, but not in the stromal cells of these areas. All endometrial carcinomas (N = 52) were positive for PAX8, whereas endocervical adenocarcinomas (N = 5) and uterine leiomyosarcomas (N = 3) were negative for PAX8. PAX8 was detected in 70% (22/31) and 68.8% (11/16) of metastatic carcinomas of the ovary and endometrium in serous effusions, respectively. No PAX8 was detected in carcinomas of nongynecologic origin or noncarcinomas (N = 71) in serous effusions except in one renal-cell carcinoma and one carcinoma of unknown primary in a woman. In addition, papillary serous carcinomas of the peritoneum (N = 10) were diffusely positive for PAX8, implying a Müllerian origin similar to malignant tumors in the female genital tract. Our findings suggest that PAX8 is an additional IHC marker for carcinomas of Müllerian origin hence we recommend including PAX8 for evaluation of malignant serous effusions in women, especially when tumors of Müllerian origin are in the differential diagnosis.
Diagnostic Cytopathology 08/2011; 39(8):567-74. · 1.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Parametrial metastases are rare in women with small, node-negative cervical tumors. We examined the incidence of micrometastases in women with pathologically negative parametria.
Patients with IA-IB cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy and had no evidence of parametrial metastases were examined. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using a cytokeratin antibody was performed in parametrial sections.
Among 46 patients, a parametrial micrometastasis was identified in 1 (2.2%). Micrometastases were seen in 5% of women with lymphvascular space invasion (LVSI) and in 0 (0%) patients without LVSI (p=0.43). The patient with a parametrial micrometastasis experienced recurrence and died from her disease. In a previous report, we defined patients with tumors <2 cm, negative pelvic lymph nodes, and no LVSI as being at low-risk for parametrial disease. There were no micrometastases in this group of women in the current series.
Parametrial micrometastases are uncommon in early-stage cervical cancer.
Anticancer research 01/2011; 31(1):243-7. · 1.73 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Toxoplasmosis is a common opportunistic infection in patients with AIDS in whom it typically presents as encephalitis, pneumonia, lymphadenitis, and myocarditis. Skin involvement is very rare and, to our best knowledge, Toxoplasma gondii forming a subcutaneous mass has not been reported. Here, we report the findings of an interesting case of subcutaneous toxoplasmosis with the cytological appearance of an inflammatory fibrovascular lesion in a HIV-positive patient and discuss the differential diagnosis.
Diagnostic Cytopathology 12/2009; 38(10):716-20. · 1.16 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Pleomorphic lipoma is a rare lipocytic neoplasm that most commonly occurs in the head and neck region in middle-aged to elderly men. Clinically, it presents as a slow-growing, well-circumscribed subcutaneous mass. Histopathologically and cytogenetically, it has some features overlapping with other benign and malignant tumors, such as benign spindle cell lipoma, atypical lipomatous tumor, liposarcoma, and malignant fibrous histiocytoma. However, cure rates are high when pleomorphic lipoma is treated with complete surgical excision with clear margins. Therefore, an accurate preoperative diagnosis is very important for proper treatment. Due to the rarity of this tumor, few cases diagnosed by cytology have been reported in the English literature. Here, we report two cases of pleomorphic lipoma, the diagnoses of which were suggested on fine needle aspiration biopsies and subsequently confirmed by surgical excisions.
Diagnostic Cytopathology 09/2009; 38(3):184-7. · 1.16 Impact Factor
