-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Salinity stress is an important environmental constraint limiting the productivity of many crops worldwide. In this report, experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of seed presoaking by bovine hemoglobin, an inducer of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), on salinity tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa) plants. The results showed that different concentrations of the hemoglobin (0.01, 0.05, 0.2, 1.0, and 5.0 g/L) differentially alleviated the inhibition of rice seed germination and thereafter seedling shoot growth caused by 100 mM NaCl stress, and the responses of 1.0 g/L hemoglobin was the most obvious. Further analyses showed that application of hemoglobin not only increased the HO-1 gene expression, but also differentially induced catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities or transcripts, thus decreasing the lipid peroxidation in germinating rice seeds subjected to salt stress. Compared with non-hemoglobin treatment, hemoglobin presoaking also increased the potassium (K) to sodium (Na) ratio both in the root and shoot parts after salinity stress. The effect is specific for HO-1 since the potent HO-1 inhibitor zinc protoporphyrin IX (ZnPPIX) blocked the positive actions of hemoglobin on seed germination and seedling shoot growth. Overall, these results suggested that hemoglobin performs an advantageous role in enhancement of salinity tolerance during rice seed germination.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences 01/2011; 12(4):2488-501. · 2.60 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To obtain the spiroplasma resources and characterize the spiroplasmas from insects in China, as well as study the taxonomy of spiroplasma based on biological characteristics.
We determined morphology by using dark field and transmission electron microscopy. The biological characteristics of the spiroplasmas were studied by using conventional culture-dependent method and phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA.
Based on morphological characteristics, biological characteristics and phylogenetic evidences, we studied the taxonomy of the strain YY0801 isolated from Phytomia zonata (Diptera: Syrphidae). The isolate grew well in R2 liquid medium and could pass through 0.22 microm and 0.45 microm filtrate membranes. The colony was grain-like in solid medium. Through electron microscopy, the isolate YY0801 exhibited helicity during their exponential growth phase. The isolate YY0801 was able to ferment glucose and D-fructose and to catabolize arginine, but did not to hydrolyse urea. The isolate was resistant to ampicillin (2000 U/mL). The phylogenetic relationships based on 16S rDNA supported YY0801 grouped with the serogroup I and was close to S. melliferum.
The result indicated that the spiroplasma isolate YY0801 was close to S. melliferum, but further designation need support of serological analyses.
ACTA MICROBIOLOGICA SINICA 07/2009; 49(6):786-91.
-
YANJIE XIE,
TENGFANG LING,
YI HAN,
KAILI LIU,
QINGSONG ZHENG,
LIQIN HUANG,
XINGXING YUAN, ZIYI HE,
BING HU,
LEI FANG,
ZHENGUO SHEN,
QING YANG,
WENBIAO SHEN
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Salt stress induced an increase in endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) production and the activity of the CO synthetic enzyme haem oxygenase (HO) in wheat seedling roots. In addition, a 50% CO aqueous solution, applied daily, not only resulted in the enhancement of CO release, but led to a significant reversal in dry weight (DW) and water loss caused by 150 mm NaCl treatment, which was mimicked by the application of two nitric oxide (NO) donors sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and diethylenetriamine NO adduct (DETA/NO). Further analyses showed that CO, as well as SNP, apparently up-regulated H+-pump and antioxidant enzyme activities or related transcripts, thus resulting in the increase of K/Na ratio and the alleviation of oxidative damage. Whereas, the CO/NO scavenger haemoglobin (Hb), NO scavenger or synthetic inhibitor methylene blue (MB) or NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (l-NAME) differentially blocked these effects. Furthermore, CO was able to mimic the effect of SNP by strongly increasing NO release in the root tips, whereas the CO-induced NO signal was quenched by the addition of l-NAME or cPTIO, the specific scavenger of NO. The results suggested that CO might confer an increased tolerance to salinity stress by maintaining ion homeostasis and enhancing antioxidant system parameters in wheat seedling roots, both of which were partially mediated by NO signal.
Plant Cell and Environment 11/2008; 31(12):1864 - 1881. · 5.22 Impact Factor
-
Chongxing Zhang,
Jingrui Liu,
Mingxu Xu,
Jie Sun,
Shouyun Yang,
Xianhui An,
Guofu Gao,
Maosong Lin,
Ren Lai, Ziyi He,
Yidong Wu,
Keyun Zhang
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: During a recent soil sample survey in Eastern China, a new entomopathogenic nematode species, collected from the Chongming Islands in the southern-eastern area of Shanghai, was discovered. Morphological characteristics of different developmental stages of the nematode combined with molecular data showed that this nematode is a new genus of Rhabditidae, and described as Heterorhabditidoides chongmingensis gen. nov., sp. nov., for that it shares more morphological characteristics with heterorhabditids than with steinernematids. For males, the papillae formula of bursa is 1, 2, 3, 3, with constant papillae number in the terminal group, stoma tubular-shaped and about 1.5 head width; cheilorhabdions cuticularized, esophageal collar present and long, median bulb present. For infective juveniles, EP=90 (80-105)microm, ES=104 (92-120)microm, tail length=111 (89-159)microm, and a=19.1 (15-21). The percentages of the nucleotides A, T, C and G in the ITS1 regions of the new species are significantly different from those of heterorhabditids and other rhabditids. Molecular phylogenetic trees based on 18S rDNA and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences data revealed that the new entomopathogenic nematode species forms a monophyletic group, which is a sister group of the clade comprised of some genera of Rhabditidae.
Journal of Invertebrate Pathology 07/2008; 98(2):153-68. · 2.06 Impact Factor
-
Yanjie Xie,
Tengfang Ling,
Yi Han,
Kaili Liu,
Qingsong Zheng,
Liqin Huang,
Xingxing Yuan, Ziyi He,
Bing Hu,
Lei Fang,
Zhenguo Shen,
Qing Yang,
Wenbiao Shen
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In the present work, we demonstrated for the first time that 150 mM NaCl treatment could induce the increase of endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) releasing in wheat seedling roots, the physiological significance of which was testified by exogenously CO application. We further discovered that exogenous application of 50% CO-saturated aqueous solution enhanced salt tolerance, and nitric oxide (NO) might be part of the downstream signal molecular of above CO action by the maintenance of ion homeostasis and up-regulation of antioxidant defense.
Plant Cell and Environment 06/2008; · 5.22 Impact Factor
