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ABSTRACT: MicroRNA is a class of endogenous non-coding RNA, which regulates the expression of target genes at the post-transcriptional level. In recent years, researches have shown that microRNA expresses specifically and plays an important role in the nervous system under physiological condition. Furthermore, the distribution and expression level of microRNA were changed after the injury of nervous system, which presents important effect on nerve regeneration. This effect of microRNA is significant to the clinical diagnosis and treatment on the injury of nervous system.
Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology] 08/2011; 42(4):261-8.
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ABSTRACT: To assess the effectiveness of fluoxetine in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adults.
A meta-analysis was conducted between April 2008 and December 2010 at West China Hospital, Chengdu, China. Any randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in which fluoxetine were used for PTSD were considered through computerized databases up to September 2010 such as MEDLINE, EBSCO, EMBASE, and ELSEVIER. The RCTs were strictly assessed by investigators for inclusion in the study, collated trial data, and trial quality. The results of 7 RCTs included were combined in this meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of fluoxetine on PTSD.
Significant findings from the randomized and placebo-controlled trials suggest that fluoxetine could be an effective medication for PTSD (Respond: relative risk=1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03-1.43; Davidson Trauma Scale total score: weighted mean differences=-7.73, 95% CI: -11.69-3.76). In addition, fluoxetine can cause fairly mild adverse effects for those PTSD patients.
Findings suggest that fluoxetine is an effective treatment for PTSD, with mild adverse effects on individuals.
Neurosciences 07/2011; 16(3):257-62. · 0.12 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Dedifferentiation of cells has elicited a great deal of attention in the field of cell biology. A great quantity of studies have proved that many types of cells, such as neuron, Schwann cell, astrocyte, oligodendrocyte, etc., within mammalian nervous system could dedifferentiate in different extent, featured in cell becoming immature, reentering cell cycle and regaining pluripotentiality. This review concerns on dedifferentiation of various types of cells within mammalian nervous system and inducing conditions, as well as its effect on neural regeneration.
Sheng li ke xue jin zhan [Progress in physiology] 05/2009; 40(2):142-6.
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ABSTRACT: Sciatic nerves in adult male rats were transected and reunited via a silicone chamber. This was followed by a focal injection of recombinant ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF). To evaluate the effect of this therapeutic approach and to explore its possible mechanisms, nerve regeneration was traced by horseradish peroxidase retrograde labeling. Functional recovery was evaluated by functional assessment of the hind feet and the expression of a number of proteins was detected using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that a single administration of CNTF could promote regeneration of motor axons, with improved functional recovery in adult rats. Growth associated protein (GAP)-43, S100, CD68 and major histocompatibility complex class II immunoreactivity in the regenerative and distal nerves suggested that CNTF could promote axon regeneration, Schwann cell migration, monocyte infiltration and activation. CNTF might also indirectly promote axonal regeneration by further activating the JAK-STAT3 pathway and subsequently upregulating phosphotyrosine, GAP-43 and S100 expression to enhance proliferation, growth and migration of Schwann cells. CNTF has suggested important targets for pharmacological intervention in peripheral nerve disease and injury.
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 04/2009; 16(6):812-7. · 1.25 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We studied the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) preconditioning on the molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection in a rat focal cerebral ischemic model. Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated with HBO (100% O(2), 2 atmospheres absolute, 1 h once every other day for 5 sessions) or with room air. In experiment 1, HBO-preconditioned rats and matched room air controls were subjected to focal cerebral ischemia or sham surgery. Postinjury motor parameters and infarction volumes of HBO-preconditioned rats were compared with those of controls. In experiment 2, HBO-preconditioned rats and matched room air controls were killed at different time points. Brain levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) and its downstream target gene erythropoietin (EPO) analyzed by Western blotting and RT-PCR as well as HIF-1alpha DNA-binding and transcriptional activities were determined in the ipsilateral hemisphere. HBO induced a marked increase in the protein expressions of HIF-1alpha and EPO and the activity of HIF-1alpha, as well as the expression of EPO mRNA. HBO preconditioning dramatically improved the neurobehavioral outcome at all time points (3.0 +/- 2.1 vs. 5.6 +/- 1.5 at 4 h, 5.0 +/- 1.8 vs. 8.8 +/- 1.4 at 8 h, 6.4 +/- 1.8 vs. 9.7 +/- 1.3 at 24 h; P < 0.01, respectively) and reduced infarction volumes (20.7 +/- 4.5 vs. 12.5 +/- 3.6%, 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining) after cerebral ischemia. This observation indicates that the neuroprotection induced by HBO preconditioning may be mediated by an upregulation of HIF-1alpha and its target gene EPO.
Journal of Applied Physiology 04/2008; 104(4):1185-91. · 3.75 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: 1. The arterial baroreflex (ABR) plays an important role in the maintenance of the stability of blood pressure. Sinoaortic denervation (SAD) destroys the integrity of the reflex arc and produces severe organ damage in rats. However, partial recovery of ABR function has been observed following chronic denervation. The aim of the present study was to determine whether there was morphological evidence of reinnervation of the aortic arch and carotid sinus following SAD. 2. A substantial body of physiological and morphological evidence suggests that substance P (SP) may be a neurotransmitter contained in first-order sensory baroreceptor afferents; therefore, the patterns of vascular SP and neurofilament (NF) immunoreactive (IR) innervation of the aortic arch and carotid sinus were investigated in the present study. 3. Ten-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent SAD or sham operation. Whole mounts of carotid bifurcation and aortic arch were prepared for immunohistochemical study at various time points (1, 9 and 16 weeks after operation). 4. The results of computerized image analysis show that the mean density of NF- and SP-IR nerves of SAD rats 9 and 16 weeks after operation increased gradually and significantly compared with that of rats 1 week after operation. 5. In conclusion, the results indicate that there is reinnervation of the aortic arch and carotid sinus by NF- and SP-IR fibres in SAD rats, which may be the morphological basis for the partial restoration of ABR function over time after SAD.
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 01/2004; 30(12):925-9. · 1.85 Impact Factor
