S M Goodman

Publications (19)71.54 Total impact

• Source

  Available from: Emanuela Solano

  Article: First karyotypic descriptions of Malagasy rodents (Nesomyinae, Muridae) reveal variation at multiple taxonomic levels

  E. Solano, C. Gilbert, L. Richards, P. J. Taylor, V. Soarimalala, A. Engelbrecht, S. M. Goodman, T. J. Robinson
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  ABSTRACT: We report the first karyotypic descriptions of Nesomyinae, a subfamily of rodents endemic to Madagascar. Using standard staining as well as G-banding and C-banding we detected karyotypic variation at the intergeneric, interspecific and intraspecific levels among six specimens referable to the species Eliurus majori, Eliurus minor, Eliurus tanala and Nesomys rufus. The two E. minor specimens analysed (2n=74 and 76) differ from the two E. tanala specimens (2n=74 and 75) by a minimum of 15 pericentric inversions (or centromeric shifts) suggesting that karyotypic orthoselection may be canalizing rearrangements in this species. In turn, the karyotype of E. minor appears to differ from E. majori (2n=58) and N. rufus (2n=60) by a series of more complex rearrangements involving multiple pericentric inversions (or centromeric shifts) and Robertsonian translocations. We discuss the presence of karyotypic variation in these nesomyine species in light of some environmental constraints that are known to have driven the evolution of the Malagasy vertebrate fauna.
  Journal of Zoology 05/2011; 285(2):110 - 118. · 2.04 Impact Factor
• Article: The Hippoboscidae (Insecta: Diptera) from Madagascar, with new records from the "Parc National de Midongy Befotaka".

  N Rahola, S M Goodman, V Robert
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  ABSTRACT: The Hippoboscidae or "louse-flies" is a family of pupiparous Diptera, which in their adult stage are ectoparasites of mammals and birds. This paper presents a comprehensive review of Malagasy Hippoboscidae. In total, amongst the 213 species of this family known worldwide, 14 have been reported in Madagascar, among which six are considered as endemic to the Malagasy region. In addition, data are presented from a collection of 17 Hippoboscidae obtained from seven species of forest-dwelling birds in the "Parc National de Midongy Befotaka", southeastern Madagascar, in 2003. The flies in this collection belong to three different species: Icosta malagasii (one), Ornithoica podicipis (ten) and Ornithoctona laticomis (six). The two former species were previously only known from single specimens in museum collections; the later species is distributed across much of the Afrotropical region and the records presented herein are the first for Madagascar. All the seven bird species are new hosts for hippoboscids. We present the first description of the male of Icosta malagasii. An illustrated dichotomous determination key of the 14 Malagasy species, based on morphological criteria only, is presented.
  Parasite (Paris, France) 05/2011; 18(2):127-40. · 1.00 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Lucienne Wilmé

  Article: Patterns of species change in anthropogenically disturbed forests of Madagascar

  M.T. Irwin, P.C. Wright, C. Birkinshaw, B.L. Fisher, C.J. Gardner, J. Glos, S.M. Goodman, P. Loiselle, P. Rabeson, J.-L. Raharison, M.J. Raherilalao, D. Rakotondravony, A. Raselimanana, J. Ratsimbazafy, J.S. Sparks, L. Wilmé, J.U. Ganzhorn
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  ABSTRACT: Five main conclusions arise from this review of the responses of species to anthropogenic disturbance in Madagascar: First, species’ reactions to anthropogenic disturbance are generally negative, but remain poorly known. Our knowledge is patchy among and within higher taxonomic groups; we are still largely gathering case studies. Second, taxonomic groups vary considerably in which proximate factors are most important. Third, several groups show differing responses within different ecoregions. Whether these differences are consistent across groups requires further testing. Fourth, related species often have divergent reactions to disturbance, even within lower taxonomic groupings (families or genera). Thus, we cannot rely on phylogenetic relatedness or even ecological similarity to infer similarity in responses. Finally, disturbance typically reduces species diversity (especially of native and/or endemic species), but also causes species turnover, typically with forest specialists replaced by grassland generalists, and endemics replaced by non-endemics (including invasives). Given these knowledge gaps, we stress the urgency of applied studies that assess species’ ecology, behaviour and health across disturbance gradients, including purely anthropogenic landscapes. Remaining natural vegetation and protected areas will be unable to preserve Madagascar’s biodiversity under the impact of climatic change; we must understand responses of plants and animals to disturbance in order to create buffer zones and corridors combining secondary, degraded and natural habitats.
  Biological Conservation 01/2010; 143:2351-2362. · 4.11 Impact Factor
• Article: Female reproductive tract and placentation in sucker-footed bats (Chiroptera: Myzopodidae) endemic to Madagascar.

  A M Carter, S M Goodman, A C Enders
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  ABSTRACT: The reproductive tract was examined in four non-pregnant and two gravid specimens of Myzopoda. The ovaries had little interstitial tissue. The uterus was bicornuate and the lenticular placental disk was situated mesometrially in one horn. The interhaemal barrier of the placental labyrinth was of the endotheliomonochorial type. There was a single layer of trophoblast cells. The cells of the maternal endothelium were large and basophilic, contained abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, and rested on an irregular basement membrane. Blunt projections of endometrium extended into the placental disk and clusters of large cells occurred between the endometrial stroma and labyrinth. At the margins of the disk folds of trophoblast occurred and at the cranial end they formed an haemophagous region. The folds lateral to the disk included some peculiar tubular-appearing structures. There was a persistent yolk sac containing large endodermal cells around a largely collapsed lumen. Several features of placentation, such as the interhaemal barrier and the haemophagous region, are consistent with an association of Myzopodidae with Emballonuridae. No support was found for alternative hypotheses that include Myzopodidae in the noctilionoid or vespertilionoid lineages.
  Placenta 07/2008; 29(6):484-91. · 3.69 Impact Factor
• Article: Placental diversity in malagasy tenrecs: placentation in shrew tenrecs (Microgale spp.), the mole-like rice tenrec (Oryzorictes hova) and the web-footed tenrec (Limnogale mergulus).

  A C Enders, T N Blankenship, S M Goodman, V Soarimalala, A M Carter
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  ABSTRACT: Placentation in tenrecs of the subfamily Oryzorictinae, family Tenrecidae, has not been described previously. The structure of the placenta of this group and especially of the genus Microgale was investigated to determine its similarity or dissimilarity to previously described placentas of the tenrec subfamilies Potamogalinae and Tenrecinae. Fifteen specimens of the genus Microgale ranging from an early yolk sac stage to near term were available for study. Placentation in Microgale was found to be different from other tenrecids in that there is an early simple lateral rather than central haemophagous region. In addition, a more villous portion of the placental disk forms before the formation of a more compact labyrinth. Although the definitive placenta is cellular haemomonochorial, it lacks the spongy zone found in the Tenrecinae. Neither does it resemble the endotheliochorial condition found in the Potamogalinae. Of the two genera of the subfamily Oryzorictinae represented by single specimens, the placenta of Limnogale resembled that of the Microgale but Oryzorictes had several differences including a lobulated placental disk. It is concluded that there is more variation in placentation both within the subfamily Oryzorictinae and within the family Tenrecidae than would ordinarily be expected.
  Placenta 08/2007; 28(7):748-59. · 3.69 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Eric P Palkovacs

  Article: Working at the interface of phylogenetics and population genetics: a biogeographical analysis of Triaenops spp. (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae).

  A L Russell, J Ranivo, E P Palkovacs, S M Goodman, A D Yoder
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  ABSTRACT: New applications of genetic data to questions of historical biogeography have revolutionized our understanding of how organisms have come to occupy their present distributions. Phylogenetic methods in combination with divergence time estimation can reveal biogeographical centres of origin, differentiate between hypotheses of vicariance and dispersal, and reveal the directionality of dispersal events. Despite their power, however, phylogenetic methods can sometimes yield patterns that are compatible with multiple, equally well-supported biogeographical hypotheses. In such cases, additional approaches must be integrated to differentiate among conflicting dispersal hypotheses. Here, we use a synthetic approach that draws upon the analytical strengths of coalescent and population genetic methods to augment phylogenetic analyses in order to assess the biogeographical history of Madagascar's Triaenops bats (Chiroptera: Hipposideridae). Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial DNA sequence data for Malagasy and east African Triaenops reveal a pattern that equally supports two competing hypotheses. While the phylogeny cannot determine whether Africa or Madagascar was the centre of origin for the species investigated, it serves as the essential backbone for the application of coalescent and population genetic methods. From the application of these methods, we conclude that a hypothesis of two independent but unidirectional dispersal events from Africa to Madagascar is best supported by the data.
  Molecular Ecology 03/2007; 16(4):839-51. · 5.52 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: uaf.edu

  Article: Chromosomal evolution in tenrecs (Microgale and Oryzorictes, Tenrecidae) from the Central Highlands of Madagascar.

  C Gilbert, S M Goodman, V Soarimalala, L E Olson, P C M O'Brien, F F B Elder, F Yang, M A Ferguson-Smith, T J Robinson
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  ABSTRACT: Tenrecs (Tenrecidae) are a widely diversified assemblage of small eutherian mammals that occur in Madagascar and Western and Central Africa. With the exception of a few early karyotypic descriptions based on conventional staining, nothing is known about the chromosomal evolution of this family. We present a detailed analysis of G-banded and molecularly defined chromosomes based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) that allows a comprehensive comparison between the karyotypes of 11 species of two closely related Malagasy genera, Microgale (10 species) and Oryzorictes (one species), of the subfamily Oryzorictinae. The karyotypes of Microgale taiva and M. parvula (2n = 32) were found to be identical to that of O. hova (2n = 32) most likely reflecting the ancestral karyotypes of both genera, as well as that of the Oryzorictinae. Parsimony analysis of chromosomal rearrangements that could have arisen following Whole Arm Reciprocal Translocations (WARTs) showed, however, that these are more likely to be the result of Robertsonian translocations. A single most parsimonious tree was obtained that provides strong support for three species associations within Microgale, all of which are consistent with previous molecular and morphological investigations. By expanding on a recently published molecular clock for the Tenrecidae we were able to place our findings in a temporal framework that shows strong chromosomal rate heterogeneity within the Oryzorictinae. We use these data to critically examine the possible role of chromosomal rearrangements in speciation within Microgale.
  Chromosome Research 02/2007; 15(8):1075-91. · 3.09 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Christopher J Raxworthy

  Article: A new species of shrew tenrec (Microgale jobihely) from northern Madagascar

  S. M. Goodman, C. J. Raxworthy, C. P. Maminirina, L. E. Olson
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  ABSTRACT: A new species of shrew tenrec in the genus Microgale is described from a series of 12 specimens taken on the south-western slopes of the Tsaratanana Massif in northern Madagascar and is named Microgale jobihely. This new species is distinguished from other named members of this endemic genus by a variety of mensural and discrete morphological characters. Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial ND2 gene supports its recognition as a distinct species and suggests a sister relationship with the much more widespread Microgale cowani. Microgale jobihely appears to be the only member of this genus that is a very localized endemic, and a biogeographic scenario is presented to explain this observation. It is currently known from a small area of forest, outside of the protected areas system, that is faced with considerable anthropogenic pressure.
  Journal of Zoology 09/2006; 270(2):384 - 398. · 2.04 Impact Factor
• Article: Habitat Characteristics and Lemur Species Richness in Madagascar1

  J. U. Ganzhorn, S. Malcomber, O. Andrianantoanina, S. M. Goodman
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  ABSTRACT: In the extant lemur communities of Madagascar the number of lemur species increases with increasing number of tree species. In forests with few tree species lemurs use patches with higher number of tree species than average. However, in forest plots with high number of tree species, lemurs stay in places with lower number of tree species than average. At low tree species diversity a minimum number of different tree species seems to be required within the animals' home range to assure year-round food availability. At high tree species diversity tree species essential for survival might be diluted by resources which are of no use for lemurs, thus increasing energetic expenses for traveling between suitable patches. According to the present analyses, structural diversity is of subordinate importance to the number of tree species as a correlate of lemur species richness.Within limits of disturbance intensity and on a small geographic scale, disturbances increase forest productivity. Lemurs reach higher species numbers and population densities in slightly disturbed areas compared with undisturbed sites. This peaked curve of the number of lemur species over disturbance, however, may not only be a consequence of “resource dilution” in undisturbed sites and higher food abundance in slightly disturbed areas, but also a consequence of selective extinction of lemur species which were unable to cope with the disturbance regime exaggerated by human interference over the last few hundred or thousand years.RÉSUMÉNAu sein de la communauté actuelle de lémuriens de Madagascar, le nombre d'espèces de lémuriens augmentent avec le nombre d'espèces d'arbres. Dans les forêts qui présentent peu d'espèces d'arbres, les lémuriens utilisent des parcelles qui comptent un plus grand nombre d'espèces d'arbres que la moyenne. Par contre, dans les forêts plus riches en matière de diversité spécifique d'arbres, les lémuriens peuvent se cantonner dans des endroits moins riches en nombre d'espèces d'arbres que la moyenne. La présence d'un nombre minimum d'espèces différentes d'arbres au sein de la zone vitale des animaux semble cependant nécessaire pour assurer la disponibilité de nourriture tout au long de l'année. Lorsque la diversité spécifique d'arbres est importante, les arbres essentiels pour la survie pourraient être “noyés” dans d'autres ressources qui ne sont pas utiles aux lémuriens, et ainsi se trouver à l'origine d'un accroissement de leurs dépenses énergétiques lors de déplacements entre les parcelles propices. Au vue des analyses présentées, la diversité structurelle est subordonnée au nombre d'espèces d'arbres en tant que corrélation de la richesse en nombre d'espèces de lémuriens.Dans les limites de l'intensité de dégradation et à une échelle géographique réduite, les dégradations augmentent la productivité forestière et le nombre d'espèces de lémuriens ainsi que les densités de population sont plus importants dans les zones faiblement dégradées que dans les zones intactes. Le profil de la courbe obtenue sur le nombre d'espèces de lémuriens en fonction de la dégradation pourrait cependant ne pas traduire uniquement la “dilution des ressources” dans les zones intactes et leur abondance dans les zones faiblement dégradées, mais pourrait aussi être la conséquence d'une vague d'extinctions sélectives d'espèces de lémuriens qui n'auraient pas été capables d'intégrer les régimes destructeurs exagérés par l'interférence humaine au cours des derniers siécles ou millénaires.
  Biotropica 03/2006; 29(3):331 - 343. · 2.23 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Lucienne Wilmé

  Article: Biogeographic evolution of Madagascar's micro-endemic biota

  L. Wilmé, S.M. Goodman, J.U. Ganzhorn
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  ABSTRACT: The endemic species richness on Madagascar, relative to landmass area, is unparalleled in the world. Many organisms on the island have restricted geographical ranges. A comprehensive hypothesis explaining the evolution of this microendemism has yet to be developed. Using an analysis of watersheds in the context of Quaternary climatic shifts, we provide a new mechanistic model to explain the process of explosive speciation on the island. River catchments with sources at relatively low elevations were zones of isolation and hence led to the speciation of locally endemic taxa, whereas those at higher elevations were zones of retreat and dispersion and hence contain proportionately lower levels of microendemism. These results provide a framework for biogeographic and phylogeographic studies, as well as a basis for prioritizing conservation actions of the remaining natural forest habitats on the island.
  Science 01/2006; 312:1063–1065. · 31.20 Impact Factor
• Article: [Hemoparasites of bats in Madagascar].

  V Raharimanga, F Ariey, S G Cardiff, S M Goodman, A Tall, D Rousset, V Robert
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  ABSTRACT: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and density of haemoparasites in wild malagasy bats. Among the 440 bats, belonging to 14 species sampled in 5 localities in different bio-climatic zones of the island, 93 (21%) showed at least 1 haemoparasite with, by order of frequency, Haemoproteidae (15.7% of 440 bats), microfilariae (7.0%) and Trypanosoma (0.7%). Among these 93 bats, 92 (99%) belonged to the family Vespertilionidae. Four bat species, all endemic to the Madagascar region (Madagascar and Comoros), were found to harbour parasites: Miniopterus manavi with Haemoproteidae (38% of 129 individuals), microfilariae (23%) and Trypanosoma (2%); Myotis goudoti with Haemoproteidae (24% of 68 individuals) and microfilariae (1%); Miniopterus gleni with Haemoproteidae (23% of 13 individuals); and Triaenops furculus with Haemoproteidae (4% of 28 individuals). The sex of bats was not linked to parasite prevalence. Within Miniopterus manavi, those individuals with greater weight also had a higher prevalence of microfilariae; and within the individuals harbouring microfilariae the greatest weights corresponded to the highest density of microfilariae. Ten bat species (with 202 individuals examined) were negative for any haemoparasite. This study is the first to provide evidence of haemoparasites in Malagasy bats; it provides interesting insights, especially concerning the parasite distribution per bat species and families, the pathogenicity of this type of parasitism and the parasite transmission by arthropod vectors.
  Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar 02/2003; 69(1-2):70-6.
• Article: [Hemoparasites in wild birds in Madagascar].

  V Raharimanga, F Soula, M J Raherilalao, S M Goodman, H Sadonès, A Tall, M Randrianarivelojosia, L Raharimalala, J B Duchemin, F Ariey, V Robert
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  ABSTRACT: This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and density of haemoparasites in native Malagasy birds. Among the 387 birds, belonging to 43 species sampled at six localities in different bio-climatic zones of the island, 139 (35.9%) showed at least 1 hemoparasite with, by order of frequency, Plasmodium and/or Haemoproteus (19.9%), microfilariae (13.7% of 387 birds), Leucocytozoon (11.1%) and Trypanosoma (1.0%). An analysis to further elucidate these observations took into account the interaction of different environmental variables (altitude, season, site of collection) or aspects of the birds (age, weight, sex). There is evidence that some parasites preferentially infect some bird species or families. The largest male birds harboured the highest prevalences and densities of haemoparasite, regardless of species. These findings extend knowledge of bird/blood parasite relationships of Malagasy birds and provide interesting insights, especially concerning the pathogenicity of this type of parasitism and the parasite transmission by insect vectors.
  Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar 02/2002; 68(1-2):90-9.
• Article: [Analysis of tick-host parasitic specificity. Evaluation of the Madagascar situation and intense samplings].

  F Randimby, J M Duplantier, J Ratovonjato, S M Goodman, O Ramilijaona, J B Duchemin
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  ABSTRACT: Ticks are traditionally considered being host-specific parasites. The pattern of tick-host relationship was elucidated by exhaustive collection from a considerable number of potential hosts from numerous sites in the Malagasy mid-altitude forest. It can from the findings be concluded that the Malagasy ticks found on small mammals may be distinguished as either having a broad host-specificity or being highly host-specific. The results may provide important information in respect to phylogenetic studies with regards to the geological history of Madagascar and its endemic fauna.
  Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar 02/2001; 67(1-2):49-52.
• Article: Remarkable species diversity in Malagasy mouse lemurs (primates, Microcebus).

  A D Yoder, R M Rasoloarison, S M Goodman, J A Irwin, S Atsalis, M J Ravosa, J U Ganzhorn
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  ABSTRACT: Phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA sequence data confirms the observation that species diversity in the world's smallest living primate (genus Microcebus) has been greatly underestimated. The description of three species new to science, and the resurrection of two others from synonymy, has been justified on morphological grounds and is supported by evidence of reproductive isolation in sympatry. This taxonomic revision doubles the number of recognized mouse lemur species. The molecular data and phylogenetic analyses presented here verify the revision and add a historical framework for understanding mouse lemur species diversity. Phylogenetic analysis revises established hypotheses of ecogeographic constraint for the maintenance of species boundaries in these endemic Malagasy primates. Mouse lemur clades also show conspicuous patterns of regional endemism, thereby emphasizing the threat of local deforestation to Madagascar's unique biodiversity.
  Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 11/2000; 97(21):11325-30. · 9.68 Impact Factor
• Article: Predation on Hapalemur griseus griseus by Boa manditra (Boidae) in the littoral forest of eastern Madagascar.

  D Rakotondravony, S M Goodman, V Soarimalala
  Folia Primatologica 02/1998; 69(6):405-8. · 1.00 Impact Factor
• Source

  Available from: Lucienne Wilmé

  Article: Observations at a Ficus tree in Malagasy humid forest

  S.M. Goodman, J.U. Ganzhorn, L. Wilmé
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  ABSTRACT: Although several authors have recognized that Madagascar has a depauperate frugivore community, little quantitativedata is available on this issue. In order to start filling this gap, systematic observations were made at a Ficus tree in the eastern humid forest. Information is presented on the vertebrate species that visited the tree, estimates of total fruit production and proportion consumed by frugivores, and the chemical analysis of the fruits.
  Biotropica 01/1997; 29:480–488. · 2.23 Impact Factor
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  Available from: Lucienne Wilmé

  Article: Species richness of forest-dwelling birds, rodents and insectivores in a planted forest of native trees: a test case from the Ankaratra, Madagascar

  S.M. Goodman, D. Rakotondravony, G. Schatz, L. Wilmé
  Ecotropica. 01/1996; 2:109–120.
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  Available from: Daniel Rakotondravony

  Article: The holocene distribution of Hypogeomys (Rodentia : Muridae : Nesomyinae) on Madagascar

  S M Goodman, D. Rakotondravony
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  ABSTRACT: Des dépôts de l'Holocène contiennent des restes subfossiles de deux rongeurs endémiques malgaches : #Hypogeomys antimena$ et #H. australis$. Actuellement, la distribution géographiques d'#H. antimena$ est limitée à une zone forestière restreinte au nord de Morondava. Des restes subfossiles indiquent cependant qu'il y a 1400 ans environ, son aire de répartition s'étendait d'au moins 475 km vers le sud de Madagascar. #H. australis$ s'est éteint il y a 4400 ans, mais à un moment donné, l'espèce était présente depuis l'extrême sud-est de Madagascar jusqu'au moins la région d'Antsirabe vers le nord. (Résumé d'auteur)
• Article: Les peitis mammifères

  D. Rakotondravony, S M Goodman, Jean-Marc Duplantier, V Soarimalala