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ABSTRACT: This study sought to better characterize the relationships between body mass index (BMI) and lean body mass (LBM) as assessed by serum creatinine (SCr) and mortality.
The data were collected from a prospective prevalent cohort in maintenance hemodialysis patients.
The study was carried out in 25 dialysis units in Rhônes Alpes area (France and Switzerland).
A total of 1,205 patients were followed up for 1-year, starting July 1, 2005.
Mortality as well as clinical and biological routine parameters were recorded. Kaplan-Meier, Cox model, Log rank test were used for the statistical analysis.
We found that SCr was a strong predictor of mortality (P < .001), whereas BMI was not. Additionally, higher BMI lost its protective effect when it was associated with low SCr. Survival was strongly reduced in patients having a predialysis SCr <717 μmol/L in patients with a BMI >23 (P < .001).
BMI should not be used by itself but in conjunction with SCr as a surrogate of LBM to improve its morbid-mortality predictive power. LBM should also be taken into account in further survival studies carried out in hemodialysis patients.
Journal of Renal Nutrition 01/2011; 21(5):369-75. · 1.57 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Hemodialysis (HD) has been associated with higher 1-year mortality than peritoneal dialysis (PD) after dialysis start. Confounding effects of late referral, emergency dialysis start, or start with central venous catheter on this association have never been studied concomitantly. Survival was studied among the 495 incident dialysed patients in our department from 1995 to 2006 and followed at least 1 year until December 31, 2007. Nested Cox models adjusted on patient characteristics explored factors associated with 1-year and ≥1-year mortality. Hemodialysis patients were 332 (67.1%), 104 (21.0%) were late referred (<6 months), 167 (33.7%) started dialysis in emergency, and 144 (29.1%) started with central venous catheter. When adjusted only on age, sex, and comorbidities, HD was associated with poor 1-year outcome: adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) for death in HD vs. PD was 1.77, P=0.02. In fully adjusted model, among first dialysis feature variables, only emergency dialysis start was significantly associated with 1-year mortality: aHR 1.53, P=0.02. Dialysis modality was not associated with 1-year mortality rates in this fully adjusted model: aHR in HD vs. PD became 1.03, P=0.91. In ≥1-year period, HD was associated with lower mortality than PD (aHR 0.61, P=0.004), whereas other first dialysis features were not associated with death. Other factors associated with death were age, type 2 diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, heart failure, and hepatic failure. Negative association between HD and 1-year survival on dialysis was explained by confounders. Emergency dialysis start was strongly associated with early mortality on dialysis. Its prevention may improve patient survival.
Hemodialysis International 01/2011; · 1.54 Impact Factor
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Agnès Doreau,
Alexandre Belot,
Jérémy Bastid,
Benjamin Riche,
Marie-Claude Trescol-Biemont,
Bruno Ranchin,
Nicole Fabien,
Pierre Cochat,
Claire Pouteil-Noble, Pierre Trolliet,
Isabelle Durieu,
Jacques Tebib,
Berhouz Kassai,
Stéphane Ansieau,
Alain Puisieux,
Jean-François Eliaou,
Nathalie Bonnefoy-Bérard
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ABSTRACT: Studies have suggested involvement of interleukin 17 (IL-17) in autoimmune diseases, although its effect on B cell biology has not been clearly established. Here we demonstrate that IL-17 alone or in combination with B cell-activating factor controlled the survival and proliferation of human B cells and their differentiation into immunoglobulin-secreting cells. This effect was mediated mainly through the nuclear factor-kappaB-regulated transcription factor Twist-1. In support of the relevance of our observations and the potential involvement of IL-17 in B cell biology, we found that the serum of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had higher concentrations of IL-17 than did the serum of healthy people and that IL-17 abundance correlated with the disease severity of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Nature Immunology 08/2009; 10(7):778-85. · 26.01 Impact Factor
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Catherine Melander,
Marion Sallée, Pierre Trolliet,
Sophie Candon,
Xavier Belenfant,
Eric Daugas,
Phillipe Rémy,
Virginie Zarrouk,
Evangéline Pillebout,
Christian Jacquot,
Jean-Jacques Boffa,
Alexandre Karras,
Virginie Masse,
Philippe Lesavre,
Caroline Elie,
Isabelle Brocheriou,
Bertrand Knebelmann,
Laure-Hélène Noël,
Fadi Fakhouri
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ABSTRACT: Standard treatment for lupus nephritis, including corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, is efficient but is still associated with refractory or relapsing disease, or severe deleterious effects. Rituximab, a monoclonal chimeric anti-B cell antibody, is increasingly used in patients with lupus nephritis, but reported series were small and had a short follow-up.
The authors analyzed clinical and histologic data of 20 patients who were treated with rituximab for lupus nephritis and followed up for at least 12 mo.
Nineteen women and one man received rituximab as induction treatment for an active class IV (15 cases) or class V (5 cases) lupus nephritis. Rituximab was given for lupus nephritis refractory to standard treatment (12 cases), for relapsing disease (6 cases), or as first-line treatment (2 cases). Three patients received cyclophosphamide concomitantly with rituximab. Ten received new injections of rituximab as maintenance therapy. Side effects included mainly five infections and four moderate neutropenias. After a median follow-up of 22 mo, complete or partial renal remission was obtained in 12 patients (60%). Lupus nephritis relapsed in one patient, who responded to a new course of rituximab. The achievement of B cell depletion 1 mo after rituximab, which negatively correlated with black ethnicity and hypoalbuminemia, was strongly associated with renal response. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis did not respond to rituximab.
Rituximab is an interesting therapeutic option in relapsing or refractory lupus nephritis when early B cell depletion is obtained.
Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 03/2009; 4(3):579-87. · 5.23 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal failure (ESRF) are major complications after a heart transplant. The aim of this study is to compare survival in heart transplant (HT) vs non-heart transplant (non-HT) patients starting dialysis.
Survival was studied among the 539 newly dialysed patients between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2005 in our Department. All patients were prospectively followed from the date of first dialysis up to death or 31 December 2005. Multivariate survival analysis adjusted on baseline characteristics was performed with the Cox model.
There were 21 HT patients and they were younger than non-HT patients at first dialysis: 58.6+/-11.6 vs 63.0+/-16.2 years (P=0.09). Calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity was the main cause of ESRF in HT patients (47.6%). Crude 1, 3 and 5-year survival rates in HT and in non-HT patients were as follows: 76.2%, 57.1%, 28.6% and 79.1%, 58.7%, 46.7% (P=0.2). The adjusted hazard ratio of death in HT vs non-HT patients was 2.27 [1.33-3.87], P=0.003. Sudden death was the main cause of death in HT patients, in 33.3% vs 10.4% in non-HT patients (P=0.01). Five HT patients benefited from renal transplant. They were all alive at the end of the study period, while one patient among the 16 remaining on dialysis survived.
HT patients with CKD who reached ESRF have a poor outcome after starting dialysis in comparison with other ESRF patients. Improvement in renal function management in the case of CKD is needed in these patients and non-nephrotoxic immunosuppressive regimens have to be evaluated. Renal transplant should be the ESRF treatment of choice in HT patients.
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 06/2007; 22(5):1383-9. · 3.40 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The goal of this study was to assess the value of a three-dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance angiography (3D PC MRA) for diagnosing transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS). Twelve consecutive patients clinically suspected of having TRAS were prospectively enrolled during a period of 18 months. Delays from transplantation varied from 3 months to 4 years (mean: 18.3 months). Patients first had color Doppler sonography, then MRA-and, on the following day, intraarterial digital subtraction angiography (IADSA). The site of the maximum peak systolic velocity was noted when doing the report of each color Doppler sonogram. On MRA images, any signal cutoff or any vascular narrowing of more than 50% of the diameter of the vessel was considered to be a significant stenosis. Eight patients were considered to have TRAS on MRA, but only two stenoses were noted on IADSA. The six false-positive results of MRA (due to major intravoxel phase dispersion) were observed when elevated peak systolic velocities were noted on doppler sonograms (mean: 214 cm/sec). These elevated peak systolic velocities were noted in the proximal part of the renal artery when there was a tortuous vessel or a sharp angle between the renal artery and the parent vessel. It is our opinion that 3D PC MRA is of limited value for the diagnosis of renal transplant artery stenosis because of a high number of false-positive results.
Transplantation 08/1996; 62(4):446-450. · 4.00 Impact Factor
