Ryszard W Gryglewski

Publications of Ryszard W Gryglewski

• [Definition of the history of medicine in the interpretation of Władysław Szumowski]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Kwartalnik historii nauki i techniki : Kwartal'nyĭ zhurnal istorii nauki i tekhniki -. 01/2009; 54(1):79-94.

  Władysław Szumowski is said to be one of the most eminent Polish historians of medicine. The present text is an attempt of describing Szumowski's ideas of the essence of the history of medicine, itsWładysław Szumowski is said to be one of the most eminent Polish historians of medicine. The present text is an attempt of describing Szumowski's ideas of the essence of the history of medicine, its place among sciences and a role it should play in education of future doctors. The paper presents both the definition and the methodology, which in Szumowski's opinion should result from the philosophy, and particularly from the logic. Szumowski is referring to these research inspirations, scientists and conceptions that had a significant influence on him. At the same time the author of the article is willing to extract an original thought of Szumowski and divide it from adopted ideas of other people's conceptions.

• [Logic of medicine in the interpretation of Władysław Szumowski].

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Kwartalnik historii nauki i techniki : Kwartal'nyĭ zhurnal istorii nauki i tekhniki -. 01/2009; 54(2):7-20.

  Among Polish philosophers and historians of medicine of the turn of the 19th century Władysław Biegański was justly said to be the most eminent Polish logician of medicine, whose name is mentionedAmong Polish philosophers and historians of medicine of the turn of the 19th century Władysław Biegański was justly said to be the most eminent Polish logician of medicine, whose name is mentioned next to Franciszek Oesterlen--an originator of the modern logic of medicine. However, Biegański was not the only person, who among Polish scientists paid so much attention to the discussed domain. After Biegański one should mention with conviction the author of Logika dla medyków ['Logic for Medicals']--Władysław Szumowski. The present text is an attempt at presenting Szumowski's ideas of the role and status of logic in medicine, and its importance for educating future doctors.

• [Edward Korczyński]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Polskie archiwum medycyny wewnȩtrznej. 05/2007; 117(4):76-8.

  This paper is focused on life and scientific achievement of Edward Korczyński, professor of internal diseases in Jagiellonian University, which is seen by many as a pioneer of modern clinic ofThis paper is focused on life and scientific achievement of Edward Korczyński, professor of internal diseases in Jagiellonian University, which is seen by many as a pioneer of modern clinic of internal disease in Poland. Korczyński's name is given just aside such great physicians as Joseph Dietl or Tytus Chałubiński. It is due to his works nitroglycerine was introduced into clinical practise, and it is him, who first in the world could diagnose infarct of the heart in a patient, which became classical and canonical in medicine.

• [The position of mechanic of surgical instruments in the first ten years of prof. Ludwik Bierkowski's clinic]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Przegla̧d lekarski. 02/2007; 64(1):59-60.

  The aim of this paper is to show the significance of the function of Mechanic of Surgical Instruments in raising up a modern, in 19th century terms, surgical clinic by prof. Ludwik Bierkowski.The aim of this paper is to show the significance of the function of Mechanic of Surgical Instruments in raising up a modern, in 19th century terms, surgical clinic by prof. Ludwik Bierkowski. Exploiting mainly source materials, this article discusses the character of mechanical occupations and his duties. The personality of Gotlob Jentsch, first to take this position, and his immediate successor Karol Schneider and their relations with Bierkowski were also presented.

• [Is medicine an art or a science?--considerations in the light of Polish school of medicine philosophy and views of other European doctors from the beginning of 19th century till outbreak of the Second World War"]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Medycyna nowozytna : studia nad historia medycyny / Polska Akademia Nauk, Instytut Historii Nauki. 02/2006; 13(1-2):7-24.

  This paper is devoted to the problem of real nature of medicine, as it was seen in Polish school of the philosophy of the medicine. Is medicine more (or only) science, or is it an art was the crucialThis paper is devoted to the problem of real nature of medicine, as it was seen in Polish school of the philosophy of the medicine. Is medicine more (or only) science, or is it an art was the crucial point of discussion, which was held in European philosophy of the medicine for the first time in late 19th century. The important voice in it was given by Polish scientists such as Zygmunt Kramsztyk, Henryk Nusbaum, Władysław Biegański, Edmund Biernacki, Władyslaw Szumowski and Ludwik Zembrzuski. How they understood place and meaning of medicine in the realm of human activities, in which points they found the same grounds and in which they differed, should be seen as the main topic for this article.

• Browicz or Kupffer cells?

  Authors: Andrzej Sródka, Ryszard W Gryglewski, Wojciech Szczepariski

  Polish journal of pathology : official journal of the Polish Society of Pathologists. 02/2006; 57(4):183-5.

  The paper is concerned to problem of discovery of macrofage cells present in the liver sinusoid, which are recognized in the world medical literature as Kuppffer cells. On the other hand in PolandThe paper is concerned to problem of discovery of macrofage cells present in the liver sinusoid, which are recognized in the world medical literature as Kuppffer cells. On the other hand in Poland the name of professor Tadeusz Browicz is firmly connected with the cells resulting in eponymous Browicz cells. The authors are trying to determine who has priority in this respect; Karl Kupffer, a professor of anatomy in Koniggsberg, and then in München, or professor of pathological anatomy at Jagiellonian University, Tadeusz Browicz.

• [Philosophy of medicine by Ferdynand Karol Dworzaczek]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Archiwum historii i filozofii medycyny / Polskii Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji. 02/2006; 69(1-2):41-6.

  This paper is devoted to person of Ferdynand Karol Dworzaczek who should be seen as the first Polish physician and philosopher interested in philosophy of medicine. Well educated, with deep interestThis paper is devoted to person of Ferdynand Karol Dworzaczek who should be seen as the first Polish physician and philosopher interested in philosophy of medicine. Well educated, with deep interest in theory and practical side of medicine he became first in Poland and very first in Europe to point the importance of philosophical thinking in medicine. His first lecture on this subject--Preface to Philosophy of Medicine, given in Warsaw in 1856, was in fact first lecture in this field ever given in Poland. Year later he published his main work tilted About Philosophy of Medicine in which we can find the core of Dworzaczek's philosophical view on the subject of medicine. His philosophy of medicine could be described as idealistic, with very strong deterministic impact, deeply anchored in religion. Understandably it had to be in opposition to materialism an mechanistic conception of life. For Dworzaczek the nature of life has dualistic character; it has its spiritual and biological significance in the same time, so spirit dominates and shapes biological function of every organism. It can be said, that Dworzaczek's philosophy of medicine was influenced in the first place by Plato and Hippocrates. It had also connection with medical conceptions of Paracelsus and van Helmont. However it was not original and fresh, Dworzaczek's philosophy was important and real background for polish school of philosophy of medicine, which flourished in second half of 19th century. By that Dworzaczek should be traded as father of Polish philosophy of medicine.

• [A sketch of history of the European tanatopraxis]

  Authors: Ryszard W Gryglewski

  Archiwum historii i filozofii medycyny / Polskii Towarzystwo Historii Medycyny i Farmacji. 02/2002; 65(1):47-54.

  Tanatopraxis is an intentional action aiming to stop all the processes, which lead to a complete decomposition of a body after death. The words embalmment or mummification makes us think aboutTanatopraxis is an intentional action aiming to stop all the processes, which lead to a complete decomposition of a body after death. The words embalmment or mummification makes us think about cultures of the ancient Egypt or pre-Columbian America and not about burials of Indo-European nomads or Chinese aristocrats. Meanwhile practices aiming to protect mortal remains against a destructive force of death were known in Europe very long ago. We can see it in paludal burials of the Iron Age and in some testimonies of the ancient epochs. Interventions, which could materially retard decomposition of a body, had been rather generally practiced from the Middle Ages. More practical than religious reasons justified it, but the latter cannot be overlooked. The religious background of such actions can be seen in the custom of embalming mortal remains of popes or kings of France. It was in Europe where the preservation of crops had started to be treated as a scientific problem, and we can see it for the first time in the Renaissance. Together with a development of medical knowledge and especially of anatomy and preparations, a great progress both in methods and substances used for embalming, took place. Ruysh and Holmes in the 17th century, the Hunter brothers in the 18th century and Gannal and Holmes in the 19th century are the milestones in the history of tanatopraxis in Europe. Foundation of the French Institute of Tanatopraxis (IFT) has crowned the many hundred years old experience in the field.