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ABSTRACT: The potential of microsatellite markers for use in genetic studies has been evaluated in Allium cultivated species (Allium cepa, A. fistulosum) and its allied species (A. altaicum, A. galanthum, A. roylei, A. vavilovii). A total of 77 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer pairs were employed, 76 of which amplified a single product or several
products in either of the species. The 29 AMS primer pairs derived from A. cepa and 46 microsatellites primer pairs from A. fistulosum revealed a lot of polymorphic amplicons between seven Allium species. Some of the microsatellite markers were effective not only for identifying an intraspecific F1 hybrid between shallot and bulb onion but also for applying to segregation analyses in its F2 population. All of the microsatellite markers can be used for interspecific taxonomic analyses among two cultivated and four
wild species of sections Cepa and Phyllodolon in Allium. Generally, our data support the results obtained from recently performed analyses using molecular and morphological markers.
However, the phylogeny of A. roylei, a threatened species with several favorable genes, was still ambiguous due to its different positions in each dendrogram
generated from the two primer sets originated from A. cepa and A. fistulosum.
KeywordsAllium-Microsatellite markers-DNA polymorphism
Euphytica 04/2012; 173(3):321-328. · 1.55 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Eight Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.)—shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) monosomic addition lines (MALs, FF + 1A–FF + 8A) were used to reveal the effects of single alien chromosomes of A. cepa on the production of amino acids and S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxides (ACSOs) in leaf tissues of A. fistulosum. Amino acid and ACSO contents in MAL leaf blades were determined once every 3 months from August 2005 to May 2006. The amino acid found in the greatest amount in all of the MALs throughout the year was cysteine, except for FF + 7A accumulated glycine as the greatest amount of amino acid (Nov. 2005). All of the MALs contained three ACSOs in varying amounts and proportions, and all accumulated S-1-propenyl CSO as a major ACSO but hardly produced S-2-propenyl CSO throughout the year. FF + 3A showed greatly increased proportions of S-methyl CSO in total ACSO, suggesting that anonymous genes controlling S-methyl CSO production are located on chromosome 3A of shallot. High accumulation of total ACSOs in the monosomic additions FF + 3A, FF + 4A, FF + 5A, and FF + 8A was observed during different growth periods. Using PCR-based marker analysis, sulfate transporter, adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate reductase (APSR), serine acetyltransferase, O-acetylserine thiol-lyase, glutamylcysteine synthase, glutathione synthase, and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase candidate genes related to sulfur assimilation and ACSO biosynthesis were allocated to chromosomes 7A, 2A, 7A, 7A, 2A, 7A, and 4A, respectively. This result showed little association between the chromosomal locations of these genes and ACSO accumulation, suggesting that anonymous genes controlling ACSO accumulation were dispersed on the 2A, 3A, 4A, 5A, 7A, and 8A chromosomes of shallot. APSR gene expression was inhibited by 5A chromosome additions, suggesting that one of the regulatory genes was located on a 5A chromosome and inhibited APSR expression.
Journal- Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 01/2011; 80:322-333. · 0.88 Impact Factor
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Shigenori Yaguchi,
Tran Thi Minh Hang,
Hikaru Tsukazaki,
Vu Quynh Hoa, Shin-ichi Masuzaki,
Tadayuki Wako,
Noriya Masamura,
Shuichi Onodera,
Norio Shiomi,
Naoki Yamauchi,
Masayoshi Shigyo
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ABSTRACT: To develop the bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.; genomes, FF) chromosome-specific genetic markers for identifying extra chromosomes, eight shallot (A. cepa L. Aggregatum group; genomes, AA)--A. fistulosum monosomic addition plants (AA+nF) and 62 shallot--A. fistulosum single-alien deletion plants (AAF-nF) were analyzed by 23 different chromosome-specific genetic markers of shallot. The eight monosomic addition plants consisted of one AA+2F, two AA+6F, and five AA+8F. Of the 62 single-alien deletion plants, 60 could be identified as six different single-alien deletion lines (AAF-1F, -3F, -4F, -6F, -7F, and -8F) out of the eight possible types. Several single-alien deletion lines were classified on the basis of leaf and bulb characteristics. AAF-8F had the largest number of expanded leaves of five deletion plants. AAF-7F grew most vigorously, as expressed by its long leaf blade and biggest bulb size. AAF-4F had very small bulbs. AAF-7F and AAF-8F had different bulbs from those of shallot as well as other types of single-alien deletion lines in skin and outer scale color. Regarding the sugar content of the bulb tissues, the single-alien deletion lines showed higher fructan content than shallot. Moreover, shallot could not produce fructan with degree of polymerization (DP) 12 or higher, although the single-alien deletion lines showed DP 20 or higher. The content of S-alk(en)yl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (ACSO) in the single-alien deletion lines was significantly lower than that in shallot. These results indicated that chromosomes from A. fistulosum might carry anonymous factors to increase the highly polymerized fructan production and inhibit the synthesis of ACSO in shallot bulbs. Accordingly, alien chromosomes from A. fistulosum in shallot would contribute to modify the quality of shallot bulbs.
Genes & Genetic Systems 03/2009; 84(1):43-55. · 0.95 Impact Factor
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Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. American Society for Horticultural Science 01/2008; 133(3):367-373. · 0.94 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Integration of previously developed Allium cepa linkage maps requires the availability of anchor markers for each of the eight chromosomes of shallot (A. cepa L. common group Aggregatum). To this end, eight RAPD markers originating from our previous research were converted into SCAR markers via cloning and sequencing of RAPD amplicons and designing of 24-mer oligonucleotide primers. Of the eight pairs of SCAR primers, seven resulted in the amplification of single bands of the original RAPDs, and the remaining primer set amplified an additional band. The results of Southern hybridization using RAPD amplicons from genomic DNA of Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.)—shallot monosomic addition lines indicated that five SCAR markers were single shallot chromosome-specific markers and were not detected in genomic DNA of A. fistulosum. The eight SCAR primer pairs were applied to other Allium species and exhibited three types of amplification profiles, namely RAPD amplicons observed only in shallot, in shallot and Allium vavilovii, and in several Allium species. A mapping study using 65 F2 plants generated by the selfing of one interspecific cross A. cepa × Allium roylei individual integrated the SCAR marker SAOE17500 into chromosome 5 as expected. The results of the present study show that the eight SCAR primer sets specific to shallot can facilitate the mapping in A. cepa and can also serve as anchor points between maps of different Allium species.
Scientia Horticulturae 01/2007; 115(4):323-328. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We analyzed Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.) - shallot (Allium cepa L. Aggregatum group) alien chromosome addition lines in order to assign the genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway to chromosomes of the shallot. Two complete sets of alien monosomic additions (2n = 2x + 1 = 17) were used for determining the chromosomal locations of several partial sequences of candidate genes, CHS, CHI, F3H, DFR, and ANS via analyses of PCR-based markers. The results of DNA marker analyses showed that the CHS-A, CHS-B, CHI, F3H, DFR, and ANS genes should be assigned to chromosomes 2A, 4A, 3A, 3A, 7A, and 4A, respectively. HPLC analyses of 14 A. fistulosum - shallot multiple alien additions (2n = 2x + 2 - 2x + 7 = 18 - 23) were conducted to identify the anthocyanin compounds produced in the scaly leaves. A direct comparison between the genomic constitution and the anthocyanin compositions of the multiple additions revealed that a 3GT gene for glucosylation of anthocyanidin was located on 4A. Thus, we were able to assign all structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis influencing bulb color to individual chromosomes of A. cepa.
Genes & Genetic Systems 09/2006; 81(4):255-63. · 0.95 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Integration of previously developed Allium cepa linkage maps requires the availability of anchor markers for each of the eight chromosomes of shallot (A. cepa L. common group Aggregatum). To this end, eight RAPD markers originating from our previous research were converted into SCAR markers via cloning and sequencing of RAPD amplicons and designing of 24-mer oligonucleotide primers. Of the eight pairs of SCAR primers, seven resulted in the amplification of single bands of the original RAPDs, and the remaining primer set amplified an additional band. The results of Southern hybridization using RAPD amplicons from genomic DNA of Japanese bunching onion (Allium fistulosum L.)¿shallot monosomic addition lines indicated that five SCAR markers were single shallot chromosome-specific markers and were not detected in genomic DNA of A. fistulosum. The eight SCAR primer pairs were applied to other Allium species and exhibited three types of amplification profiles, namely RAPD amplicons observed only in shallot, in shallot and Allium vavilovii, and in several Allium species. A mapping study using 65 F2 plants generated by the selfing of one interspecific cross A. cepa × Allium roylei individual integrated the SCAR marker SAOE17500 into chromosome 5 as expected. The results of the present study show that the eight SCAR primer sets specific to shallot can facilitate the mapping in A. cepa and can also serve as anchor points between maps of different Allium species
Scientia Horticulturae 115 (2008) 4.
