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ABSTRACT: A large number of software reliability growth models (SRGMs) have been proposed during the past 30 years to estimate software reliability measures such as the number of remaining faults, software failure rate, and software reliability. Selection of an optimal SRGM for use in a particular case has been an area of interest for researchers in the field of software reliability. Tools and techniques for software reliability model selection found in the literature cannot be used with high confidence as they use a limited number of model selection criteria. For the first time, we developed a deterministic quantitative model based on a distance based approach (DBA) method, then applied it for evaluation, optimal selection, and ranking of SRGMs. DBA recognizes the need for relative importance of criteria for a given application, without which inter-criterion comparison could not be accomplished. It requires a set of model selection criteria, along with a set of SRGMs, and their level of criteria for optimal selection; and it successfully presents the results in terms of a merit value which is used to rank the SRGMs. We use two distinct, real data sets for demonstration of the DBA method. The result of this study will be a ranking of SRGMs based on the Euclidean composite distance of each alternative to the designated optimal SRGM.
IEEE Transactions on Reliability 07/2010; · 1.28 Impact Factor
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Vikas Gautam,
Anita Arora,
S K Madhup,
Anindita Das,
P Vandamme,
Kusum Sharma,
Vipin Koushal,
Deepak Bansal,
Meera Sharma, R K Garg,
Sudesh Rana,
R K Marwaha,
Pallab Ray
The Indian journal of medical research 06/2010; 131:829-32. · 1.84 Impact Factor
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IEEE Transactions on Reliability. 01/2010; 59:266-276.
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V Gautam,
P Ray,
G D Puri,
K Sharma,
P Vandamme,
S K Madhup,
A Das,
P Malhotra,
A Trehan, R K Garg,
S Rana,
V Koushal,
A Kumar
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ABSTRACT: Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is being increasingly recognized as an important pathogen of humans. During the year 2007-8, 39 putative BCC isolates were obtained from 21 cases and subjected to recA PCR RFLP. Twenty-four isolates were confirmed as Burkholderia cenocepacia IIIA (nineteen isolates, recA PCR RFLP type G and five isolates, recA PCR RFLP type I), six were confirmed as B. cepacia (recA PCR RFLP type E). BCC were isolated from inpatients of different wards of Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh with increased isolation from children admitted to different wards of Advanced Pediatric Centre (11/21 cases). BCC isolates are often resistant to most commonly used antibiotics and an early use of effective antimicrobial therapy can decrease morbidity and mortality.
Nepal Medical College journal : NMCJ. 12/2009; 11(4):222-4.
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ABSTRACT: Resistance in Salmonella enterica var Typhi (S. Typhi) to chloramphenicol, amoxicillin and co-trimoxazole has posed a challenge to treatment of typhoid fever. Ciprofloxacin has been the empirical therapy of choice, but the recent increase in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to ciprofloxacin in S. Typhi, not detectable by disc diffusion (DD) tests, may result in delayed response and serious complications. Nalidixic acid (NA) resistance has been used as an indirect evidence of increased ciprofloxacin MIC in S. Typhi. We evaluated the predictive value of NA resistance for fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of S. Typhi.
A total of 70 clinical isolates of S. Typhi were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS) method. MIC to fluoroquinolones was carried out by the agar dilution method.
Thirteen (18.6 %) isolates were resistant to amoxicillin, chloramphenicol and cotrimoxazole; all were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime. Fifty (71.4%) were resistant to NA. Nineteen (27.1 %) isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin by MIC tests. The MIC for ciprofloxacin was 0.03-4 microg/ml for NA(S) and 0.25-4 microg/ml for NA(R) isolates. NA susceptibility showed a predictive value of 95 per cent for ciprofloxacin susceptibility while NA resistance had a predictive value of 36 per cent for ciprofloxacin resistance. Thirty isolates studied were sensitive to gatifloxacin; MIC values were 0.03-0.5 microg/ml for NA(S) and 0.25-0.5 microg/ml for NA(R) isolates.
NA susceptibility was a good marker for fluoroquinolone susceptibility but NA resistance had a poor predictive value for ciprofloxacin resistance. NA resistant isolates should be tested for ciprofloxacin MIC before deciding a change in therapeutic regimen. Higher MIC for gatifloxacin was also noticed in NA resistant isolates.
The Indian journal of medical research 08/2006; 124(1):105-8. · 1.84 Impact Factor
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V Gautam,
P Ray,
P Vandamme,
S S Chatterjee,
A Das,
K Sharma,
S Rana, R K Garg,
S K Madhup,
M Mahajan,
M Sharma
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ABSTRACT: The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia are closely related groups of non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (NFGNBs) having a similar spectrum of infections ranging from superficial to deep-seated and disseminated infections. Identification of these lysine decarboxylase-positive NFGNBs lags behind in most Indian laboratories. A simplified identification scheme was devised for these two pathogens that allowed us to isolate them with an increasing frequency at our tertiary care institute.
A simple five-tube conventional biochemical identification of these bacteria has been standardized. In the beginning, some of the isolates were confirmed from the International B. cepacia Working group, Belgium. Molecular identification and typing using recA polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was also standardized for BCC. For short-term preservation of BCC, an innovative method of preserving the bacteria in Robertson's cooked medium tubes kept in a domestic refrigerator was developed.
Thirty-nine isolates of BCC isolates were obtained from various specimens (30 from blood cultures) and 22 S. maltophilia (13 blood cultures and 9 respiratory isolates) were isolated during the year 2007 alone.
BCC and S. maltophilia can be identified with relative ease using a small battery of biochemical reactions. Use of simplified methods will allow greater recognition of their pathogenic potential and correct antimicrobials should be advised in other clinical laboratories and hospitals.
Indian journal of medical microbiology 27(2):128-33.
