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Hui Zhang,
Xiaoxiang Hu,
Zhipeng Wang,
Yuandan Zhang,
Shouzhi Wang,
Ning Wang,
Li Ma,
Li Leng,
Shengwen Wang,
Qigui Wang,
Yuxiang Wang, Zhiquan Tang,
Ning Li,
Yang Da,
Hui Li
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ABSTRACT: We conducted a selection signature analysis using the chicken 60k SNP chip in two chicken lines that had been divergently selected for abdominal fat content (AFC) for 11 generations. The selection signature analysis used multiple signals of selection, including long-range allele frequency differences between the lean and fat lines, long-range heterozygosity changes, linkage disequilibrium, haplotype frequencies, and extended haplotype homozygosity. Multiple signals of selection identified ten signatures on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 11, 15, 20, 26 and Z. The 0.73 Mb PC1/PCSK1 region of the Z chromosome at 55.43-56.16 Mb was the most heavily selected region. This region had 26 SNP markers and seven genes, Mar-03, SLC12A2, FBN2, ERAP1, CAST, PC1/PCSK1 and ELL2, where PC1/PCSK1 are the chicken/human names for the same gene. The lean and fat lines had two main haplotypes with completely opposite SNP alleles for the 26 SNP markers and were virtually line-specific, and had a recombinant haplotype with nearly equal frequency (0.193 and 0.196) in both lines. Other haplotypes in this region had negligible frequencies. Nine other regions with selection signatures were PAH-IGF1, TRPC4, GJD4-CCNY, NDST4, NOVA1, GALNT9, the ESRP2-GALR1 region with five genes, the SYCP2-CADH4 with six genes, and the TULP1-KIF21B with 14 genes. Genome-wide association analysis showed that nearly all regions with evidence of selection signature had SNP effects with genome-wide significance (P<10(-6)) on abdominal fat weight and percentage. The results of this study provide specific gene targets for the control of chicken AFC and a potential model of AFC in human obesity.
PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(7):e40736. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Simplified dose calculation model with high computation efficiency is often used to generate the dose matrices for beamlets in the inverse planning of the intensity modulate radiation therapy. It is likely that this simplification could degrade the quality of the final treatment plans. This paper is aimed at testing the influence of such simplification in dose calculations of beamlets and accordingly proposing methods to avoid severe degradation of the plans. Two simulation instances were adopted. The primary dose calculation model without involvment of scattering effect was used to generate the dose matrices of beamlets. The differential convolution superposition dose calculation model that well accounts for scattering effect was used to calculate the final dose distributions for given intensity profiles. It is found that the simplification in dose matrices of beamlets degrades the dose levels in the edge area of the targets, however, the degradation could be diminished or even avoided by adding a suitable margin around the targets or by using the multiple-shifted-beamlet-matrices (MSBM) method that was proposed in our previous paper.
Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi 05/2008; 25(2):270-4.
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ABSTRACT: Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP) belong to a superfamily of lipid binding proteins that exhibit a high affinity for long chain fatty acids and appear to function in metabolism and intracellular transportation of lipids. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of heart (H)-FABP gene on chicken growth and body composition traits. The Northeast Agricultural University divergent broiler lines for abdominal fat and a broiler X silkie F2 population were used in this study. Body weight and body composition traits were measured in the populations. Primers were designed according to the chicken H-FABP gene sequence. Polymorphisms between parental lines were detected by DNA sequencing. PCR-RFLP and PCR-fragment length polymorphism methods were developed to genotype the populations. The results showed that the H-FABP gene polymorphisms in the two populations were associated with abdominal fat percentage. It implied that H-FABP gene can be a candidate locus or linked to a major gene(s) that affects abdominal fat content in the chicken.
Animal Biotechnology 02/2007; 18(2):91-9. · 0.93 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Conformal radiation therapy using multi-leaf collimator (MLC) is considered as a conventional technology in the hospital nowadays. However the stepped leaf edge caused by the finite width of the leaves could influence the conformality that could be achievable. In this paper, the effect produced by rotating the collimator angle on the conformality was investigated. A method, in which multiple MLC fields of various rotation angles are applied, has been proposed to have the targets be more uniformly irradiated and thus to eliminate the cold spots on the targets and hot spots in normal tissues. By simulation, it has been shown that the multiple MLC field method can eliminate the stepped leaf edges and improve the conformality significantly, moreover, the PTV can receive a more uniform delivery with cold spot eliminated.
Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi 07/2006; 23(3):483-7.
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ABSTRACT: To assess the efficacy of combination therapy with IL-2 gene transfer and radiation in an immunocompetent murine model that parallel more closely the clinical therapy of head and neck Squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).
Tumors were established in the floor of mouth in C3H/HeJ mice with SCC VII cell line. Lipid-DNA complexed (lipoplexes) by using polycationic liposome-Mediated transduction for HNSCC were transducted in tumor-bearing mouse by direct intratumoral gene transfer. The local tumor radiation with 2 Gy were done in second day. Tumor size were measured before and after the treatment as compared to different single treatment groups and the controls. After tumors were subcultured, the supernatants were collected for IL-2 expression by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Natural killer (NK) cell activity and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity were also assayed by LDH method. CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphcyte in tumour tissues were examined by immunohistochemistry.
HNSCC tumor growth was significantly inhibited after a combined IL-2 gene and radiation therapy as compared to the controls. Increased secreted levels of IL-2 protein expression were found in combined and single IL-2 gene treated groups. The combination and IL-2 gene treated groups produced greater activation of CTL and NK than the other groups. The significant CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration was distributed in tumor tissues after IL-2 gene therapy.
Combined IL-2 gene therapy and radiation could significantly inhibited HNSCC tumor growth in the murine model and efficiently induced antitumor immunity of the host.
Lin chuang er bi yan hou ke za zhi = Journal of clinical otorhinolaryngology 03/2003; 17(2):105-7.
