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Li Zhang,
Jiang-Tao Luo,
Ming Hao,
Lian-Quan Zhang,
Zhong-Wei Yuan,
Ze-Hong Yan,
Ya-Xi Liu,
Bo Zhang,
Bao-Long Liu,
Chun-Ji Liu,
Huai-Gang Zhang,
You-Liang Zheng,
Deng-Cai Liu
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ABSTRACT: A synthetic doubled-haploid hexaploid wheat population, SynDH1, derived from the spontaneous chromosome doubling of triploid F1 hybrid plants obtained from the cross of hybrids Triticum turgidum ssp. durum line Langdon (LDN) and ssp. turgidum line AS313, with Aegilops tauschii ssp. tauschii accession AS60, was previously constructed. SynDH1 is a tetraploidization-hexaploid doubled haploid (DH) population because it contains recombinant A and B chromosomes from two different T. turgidum genotypes, while all the D chromosomes from Ae. tauschii are homogenous across the whole population. This paper reports the construction of a genetic map using this population.
Of the 606 markers used to assemble the genetic map, 588 (97%) were assigned to linkage groups. These included 513 Diversity Arrays Technology (DArT) markers, 72 simple sequence repeat (SSR), one insertion site-based polymorphism (ISBP), and two high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) markers. These markers were assigned to the 14 chromosomes, covering 2048.79 cM, with a mean distance of 3.48 cM between adjacent markers. This map showed good coverage of the A and B genome chromosomes, apart from 3A, 5A, 6A, and 4B. Compared with previously reported maps, most shared markers showed highly consistent orders. This map was successfully used to identify five quantitative trait loci (QTL), including two for spikelet number on chromosomes 7A and 5B, two for spike length on 7A and 3B, and one for 1000-grain weight on 4B. However, differences in crossability QTL between the two T. turgidum parents may explain the segregation distortion regions on chromosomes 1A, 3B, and 6B.
A genetic map of T. turgidum including 588 markers was constructed using a synthetic doubled haploid (SynDH) hexaploid wheat population. Five QTLs for three agronomic traits were identified from this population. However, more markers are needed to increase the density and resolution of this map in the future study.
BMC Genetics 08/2012; 13:69. · 2.47 Impact Factor
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Li Zhang,
Yanli Wu,
Yumei Li,
Chaoqian Xu,
Xuelian Li,
Daling Zhu,
Yan Zhang,
Shu Xing,
Haoyan Wang,
Zhihua Zhang,
Hongli Shan
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ABSTRACT: Tanshinone IIA is a lipid-soluble pharmacologically active compound extracted from the rhizome of Chinese herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. Previous studies have identified that tanshinone IIA inhibited overexpression of miR-1 in hypoxic neonatal cardiomyocytes. This study was designed to examine the effects of tanshinone IIA on miR-133 expression under hypoxic condition. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were cultured in a hypoxic environment (2% O(2)+93% N(2)+5% CO(2)) at 37°C for 24 hours. MTT, TUNEL assays, and Flow Cytometry (FCM) were performed to identify cell apoptosis. Western blot was used to examine the expression of ERK1/2 and miR-133 level was quantified by Real-time PCR. Our results showed that apoptosis was induced by hypoxia. Typical apoptotic cells were seen by TUNEL assay, and FCM showed an apoptosis rate of 13.32% in hypoxic group. Apoptosis rate in hypoxic cells was reduced significantly by tanshinone IIA. In addition, the expression level of miR-133 was increased in hypoxic cells and further upregulated by tanshinone IIA. The stress-activated protein kinase MAPK ERK1/2 was activated by hypoxia and further increased with tanshinone IIA treatment. The present study demonstrated that tanshinone IIA enhanced cell resistance to hypoxic insult by upregulating miR-133 expression through activating MAPK ERK1/2 in neonatal cardiomyocytes.
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry 08/2012; 30(4):843-852. · 2.86 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND:: Volatile anesthetics (VAs) alter the function of key central nervous system proteins but it is not clear which, if any, of these targets mediates the immobility produced by VAs in the face of noxious stimulation. A leading candidate is the glycine receptor, a ligand-gated ion channel important for spinal physiology. VAs variously enhance such function, and blockade of spinal glycine receptors with strychnine affects the minimal alveolar concentration (an anesthetic EC50) in proportion to the degree of enhancement. METHODS:: We produced single amino acid mutations into the glycine receptor α1 subunit that increased (M287L, third transmembrane region) or decreased (Q266I, second transmembrane region) sensitivity to isoflurane in recombinant receptors, and introduced such receptors into mice. The resulting knockin mice presented impaired glycinergic transmission, but heterozygous animals survived to adulthood, and we determined the effect of isoflurane on glycine-evoked responses of brainstem neurons from the knockin mice, and the minimal alveolar concentration for isoflurane and other VAs in the immature and mature knockin mice. RESULTS:: Studies of glycine-evoked currents in brainstem neurons from knockin mice confirmed the changes seen with recombinant receptors. No increases in the minimal alveolar concentration were found in knockin mice, but the minimal alveolar concentration for isoflurane and enflurane (but not halothane) decreased in 2-week-old Q266I mice. This change is opposite to the one expected for a mutation that decreases the sensitivity to volatile anesthetics. CONCLUSION:: Taken together, these results indicate that glycine receptors containing the α1 subunit are not likely to be crucial for the action of isoflurane and other VAs.
Anesthesiology 08/2012; 117(4):765-771. · 5.36 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) to obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in patients with resistant hypertension (RH).
UPPP and modified UPPP were performed on 36 moderate and severe OSAHS patients, who also suffered from RH [who taking more than three kinds of antihypertensive drugs (including diuretics) and still not able to control blood pressure at 140/90 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa)]. Polysomnography monitoring, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, apnea hypopnea index (AHI), lowest saturation of blood oxygen (SaO2) and the changes of antihypertensive medication dosage were performed to the patients before and 6 months after the surgery.
Six months after surgery,the total efficiency was 61.1% (22/36). The AHI median [25 quantile; 75 quantile] from 37.5 [26.0; 48.3]/h to 9.5 [9.0; 21.3]/h, the lowest the SaO2 average (x(-) ± s, the same below) increased from 0.655 ± 0.114 to 0.860 ± 0.037, the differences were statistically significant (P value < 0.05). 24 h systolic blood pressure, daytime systolic blood pressure, night contraction, diastolic and mean arterial pressure decreased from (160.8 ± 6.8), (170.5 ± 2.5), (163.6 ± 10.5), (100.8 ± 5.6) and (96.8 ± 7.5) mm Hg to (142.5 ± 7.3), (150.8 ± 7.6), (140.1 ± 6.4), (81.8 ± 7.4) and (93.7 ± 2.4) mm Hg, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The degrees of AHI descent and the average SaO2 improvement were concerned with the degree of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure decent (r > 0.80 and r(2) > 0.50). The average numbers of antihypertensive drugs decreased form (3.6 ± 0.5) to (2.9 ± 0.5) compared preoperatively and postoperatively, the difference was statistically significant (t = 5.537, P < 0.01). The use of antihypertensive medication reduced in 23 cases (23/36, 63.8%) compared preoperatively and postoperatively.
The blood pressure of the patients with OSAHS and RH dropped significantly after UPPP surgery. Recent follow-up shows that the varieties of antihypertensive drugs taken in these patients are reduced significantly after operation.
Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery 05/2012; 47(5):383-7.
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ABSTRACT: The phylogenetic relationships of primates have been extensively investigated, but key issues remain unresolved. Complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) data have many advantages in phylogenetic analyses, but such data are available for only 46 primate species. In this work, we determined the complete mitogenome sequence of the black-capped capuchin (Cebus apella). The genome was 16,538 bp in size and consisted of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs and a control region. The genome organization, nucleotide composition and codon usage did not differ significantly from those of other primates. The control region contained several distinct repeat motifs, including a putative termination-associated sequence (TAS) and several conserved sequence blocks (CSB-F, E, D, C, B and 1). Among the protein-coding genes, the COII gene had lower nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions rates while the ATP8 and ND4 genes had higher rates. A phylogenetic analysis using Maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods and the complete mitogenome data for platyrrhine species confirmed the basal position of the Callicebinae and the sister relationship between Atelinae and Cebidae, as well as the sister relationship between Aotinae (Aotus) and Cebinae (Cebus/Saimiri) in Cebidae. These conclusions agreed with the most recent molecular phylogenetic investigations on primates. This work provides a framework for the use of complete mitogenome information in phylogenetic analyses of the Platyrrhini and primates in general.
Genetics and Molecular Biology 04/2012; 35(2):545-52. · 0.63 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: High-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging is routinely used for clinical pulmonary applications. Since lung function varies regionally and because pulmonary disease is usually not uniformly distributed in the lungs, it is useful to study the lungs on a lobe-by-lobe basis. Thus, it is important to segment not only the lungs, but the lobar fissures as well. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an anatomic pulmonary atlas, encoded with a priori information on the pulmonary anatomy, to automatically segment the oblique lobar fissures. Sixteen volumetric CT scans from 16 subjects are used to construct the pulmonary atlas. A ridgeness measure is applied to the original CT images to enhance the fissure contrast. Fissure detection is accomplished in two stages: an initial fissure search and a final fissure search. A fuzzy reasoning system is used in the fissure search to analyze information from three sources: the image intensity, an anatomic smoothness constraint, and the atlas-based search initialization. Our method has been tested on 22 volumetric thin-slice CT scans from 12 subjects, and the results are compared to manual tracings. Averaged across all 22 data sets, the RMS error between the automatically segmented and manually segmented fissures is 1.96±0.71 mm and the mean of the similarity indices between the manually defined and computer-defined lobe regions is 0.988. The results indicate a strong agreement between the automatic and manual lobe segmentations.
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 02/2006; · 3.64 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: High-resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging is routinely used for clinical pulmonary applications. Since lung function varies regionally and because pulmonary disease is usually not uniformly distributed in the lungs, it is useful to study the lungs on a lobe-by-lobe basis. Thus, it is important to segment not only the lungs, but the lobar fissures as well. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an anatomic pulmonary atlas, encoded with a priori information on the pulmonary anatomy, to automatically segment the oblique lobar fissures. Sixteen volumetric CT scans from 16 subjects are used to construct the pulmonary atlas. A ridgeness measure is applied to the original CT images to enhance the fissure contrast. Fissure detection is accomplished in two stages: an initial fissure search and a final fissure search. A fuzzy reasoning system is used in the fissure search to analyze information from three sources: the image intensity, an anatomic smoothness constraint, and the atlas-based search initialization. Our method has been tested on 22 volumetric thin-slice CT scans from 12 subjects, and the results are compared to manual tracings. Averaged across all 22 data sets, the RMS error between the automatically segmented and manually segmented fissures is 1.96 +/- 0.71 mm and the mean of the similarity indices between the manually defined and computer-defined lobe regions is 0.988. The results indicate a strong agreement between the automatic and manual lobe segmentations.
IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging 02/2006; 25(1):1-16. · 3.64 Impact Factor
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[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: High resolution X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging is routinely used for clinical pulmonary applications. Since lung function varies regionally and because pulmonary disease is usually not uniformly distributed in the lungs, it is useful to study the lungs on a lobe-by-lobe basis. Thus, it is important to segment not only the lungs, but the lobar fissures as well. In this paper we demonstrate the use of an anatomic pulmonary atlas, encoded with a priori information on the pulmonary anatomy, to automatically segment the oblique lobar fissures. Sixteen volumetric CT scans from 16 subjects are used to construct the pulmonary atlas. A ridgeness measure is applied to the original CT images to enhance the fissure contrast. Fissure detection is accomplished in two stages: an initial fissure search and a final fissure search. A fuzzy reasoning system is used in the fissure search to analyze information from three sources: the image intensity, an anatomic smoothness constraint, and the atlas-based search initialization. Our method has been tested on 22 volumetric thin-slice CT scans from 12 subjects, and the results are compared to manual tracings. Averaged across all 22 data sets, the RMS error between the automatically-segmented and manually-segmented fissures is 1.96 +/- 0.71 mm and the mean of the similarity indices between the manually-defined and computer-defined lobe regions is 0.988. The results indicate a strong agreement between the automatic and manual lobe segmentations.
IEEE Trans. Medical Imaging. 01/2006; 25(1):1-16.
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ABSTRACT: The positions of the lobar fissures are of growing interest as computer-based quantitative measures to detect early pathologies and to predict or measure outcomes emerge. While we have developed a semi-automatic fissure detection method in our previous work, in this paper we describe the use of an anatomic pulmonary atlas with a priori knowledge about lobar fissures to automatically segment the lobar fissures. 16 volumetric CT scans from 16 subjects are used to construct the pulmonary atlas. After deforming the fissures onto a template image, the average fissure and variability between different subjects can be obtained by local statistical measures. The probabilistic analysis for the atlas shows that the atlas can provide an initialization for the fissure detection in certain regions with a predictable variation, although the initialization may not be close and complete. A ridgeness measure is applied on original images to enhance the fissure contrast. The fissure detection is accomplished by the initial fissure search and the final fissure search. While only parts of the initial search results are correctly delineated, a regional statistic analysis of ridgeness selects the most "reliable" initial search results, which are then used to initialize the final search. Our method has been tested in 22 volumetric thin-slice CT images from 12 subjects, and the results are compared to manual tracings. The mean of the similarity indices between the manual and computer defined lobes is 0.988. The results indicate a strong agreement between the automatic and manual lobe segmentations.© (2003) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
05/2003;
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ABSTRACT: High-resolution X-ray CT imaging can provide detailed structural and functional information about the respiratory system. We describe a system to facilitate quantitative regional assessment of the lung parenchyma from volumetric CT images. The system contains image segmentation algorithms to identify the key anatomic structures of the lung and image analysis algorithms to examine the lung parenchymal tissue. The system can be used to study the normal lung and to detect changes in the lung tissue due to disease processes such as emphysema.
Proceedings of the 2002 IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging, Ritz-Carlton Hotel, Washington, DC, USA, 7-10 June 2002; 01/2002
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Joseph M. Reinhardt,
Junfeng Guo, Li Zhang,
D. Bilgen,
Shiying Hu,
R. Uppaluri,
Ryan M. Long,
O. I. Saba,
Geoffrey McLennan,
Milan Sonka,
Eric A. Hoffman
Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention - MICCAI 2001, 4th International Conference, Utrecht, The Netherlands, October 14-17, 2001, Proceedings; 01/2001
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ABSTRACT: The lung lobes are natural units for reporting image-based measurements of the respiratory system. Lobar segmentation can also be used in pulmonary image processing to guide registration and drive additional segmentation. We have developed a 3D shape-constrained lobar segmentation technique for volumetric pulmonary CT images. The method consists of a search engine and shape constraints that work together to detect lobar fissures using gray level information and anatomic shape characteristics in two steps: 1) a coarse localization step, 2) a fine tuning step. An error detecting mechanism using shape constraints is used in our method to correct erroneous search results. Our method has been tested in four subjects, and the results are compared to manually traced results. The average RMS difference between the manual results and shape-constrained segmentation results is 2.23 mm. We further validated our method by evaluating the repeatability of lobar volumes measured from repeat scans of the same subject. We compared lobar air and tissue volume variations to show that most of the lobar volume variations are due to differences in air volume scan to scan.
SPIEMI; 01/2001
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ABSTRACT: A 3D anatomic atlas can be used to analyze pulmonary structures in CT images. To use an atlas to guide segmentation processing, the image being analyzed must be aligned and registered with the atlas. We have developed a 3D surface- based registration technique to register pulmonary CT volumes. To demonstrate the method, we have constructed an atlas from a CT image volume of a normal human male. The atlas is registered to new images in two steps: (1) a global transformation, and (2) a local elastic transformation. In the local transformation, the image and atlas volumes are divided into small subimages called cubes. The similarity between cubes in the image and atlas is measured to find the best match displacement vectors. These displacement vectors are processed using Burr's dynamic model to give a smoothed deformation vector for each voxel in the image. This method has been tested by three intra-subject registrations and three inter-subject registrations from four different normal human subjects. The results show that lung surface-based registration can register the internal lobar fissures from the atlas to the image within about 2.73 +/- 2.05 mm for intra- subject registration, and 5.96 +/- 4.99 mm for inter-subject registration. This registration can be used as an initialization for additional segmentation processing.© (2000) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
04/2000;
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ABSTRACT: A 3D anatomic atlas can be used to analyze pulmonary structures in CT images. To use an atlas to guide segmentation processing, the image being analyzed must be aligned and registered with the atlas. We have developed a 3D surface-based registration technique to register pulmonary CT volumes. To demonstrate the method, we have constructed an atlas from a CT image volume of a normal human male. The atlas is registered to new images in two steps: 1) a global transformation, and 2) a local elastic transformation. In the local transformation, the image and atlas volumes are divided into small subimages called cubes. The similarity between cubes in the image and atlas is measured to find the best match displacement vectors. These displacement vectors are processed using Burr's dynamic model to give a smoothed deformation vector for each voxel in the image. This method has been tested by three intra-subject registrations and three inter-subject registrations from four different normal human subjects. The results show that lung surface-based registration can register the internal lobar fissures from the atlas to the image within about 2.73 +/- 2.05 mm for intra-subject registration, and 5.96 +/- 4.99 mm for inter-subject registration. This registration can be used as an initialization for additional segmentation processing.
SPIEMI; 01/2000
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ABSTRACT: The human lungs are divided into five distinct anatomic compartments called lobes. The physical boundaries between the lung lobes are called the lobar fissures. Detection of the lobar fissures in an image data set can be used to help identify the major components of the pulmonary anatomy, guide image registration with a standard lung atlas, drive additional image segmentation processing to find airways and vessels, and to provide an anatomic framework within which image-based measurements can be reported. Little work has been done to develop methods for detecting the lobar fissures. We have developed a semi-automatic method to identify the left and right oblique fissures in 3-D X-ray CT data sets. Our method is based on using fuzzy sets to describe the anatomic and image-based characteristics of likely fissure pixels, and we then use a graph search to select the most probable fissure location on 2-D slices of the data set. The user initializes the search once by defining starting pixels, initial direction and ending pixels on one slice. Once the fissure has identified on a singe slice, it can be used to guide automatic fissure detection on neighboring slices. Thus, the entire 3-D surface defined by a fissure can be identified with a little intervention. The method has been tested by processing two CT data sets from a normal subject. We present results comparing our method against results obtained by manual analysis. The average RMS error between the manual analysis and our approach is approximately 1.9 pixels (corresponding to about 1.3 mm), while the fissures themselves typically appear 3 to 6 pixels wide on a CT slice.© (1999) COPYRIGHT SPIE--The International Society for Optical Engineering. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.
05/1999;
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[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: The human lungs are divided into five distinct anatomic compartments called lobes. The physical boundaries between the lung lobes are called the lobar fissures. Detection of the lobar fissures in an image data set can be used to help identify the major components of the pulmonary anatomy, guide image registration with a standard lung atlas, drive additional image segmentation processing to find airways and vessels, and to provide an anatomic framework within which image-based measurements can be reported. Little work has been done to develop methods for detecting the lobar fissures. We have developed a semi-automatic method to identify the left and right oblique fissures in 3-D X-ray CT data sets. Our method is based on using fuzzy sets to describe the anatomic and image-based characteristics of likely fissure pixels, and we then use a graph search to select the most probable fissure location on 2-D slices of the data set. The user initializes the search once by defining starting pixels, initial direction and ending pixels on one slice. Once the fissure has identified on a single slice, it can be used to guide automatic fissure detection on neighboring slices. Thus, the entire 3-D surface defined by a fissure can be identified with a little intervention. The method has been tested by processing two CT data sets from a normal subject. We present results comparing our method against results obtained by manual analysis. The average RMS error between the manual analysis and our approach is approximately 1.9 pixels (corresponding to about 1.3 mm), while the fissures themselves typically appear 3 to 6 pixels wide on a CT slice.
Proc. SPIE Conf. Medical Imaging; 01/1999
