Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

Publications of Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

• Changes of laryngeal parameters during intrauterine life.

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, D Miklaszewska, E Dzieciolowska-Baran, E Kamienska, T Sroczynski, I Poziomkowska-Gesicka

  European journal of medical research. 11/2010; 15 Suppl 2:41-5.

  Increased care of fetal and neonatal airways has led to advances in neonatal medicine. The early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases require a detailed knowledge of fetal airway anatomyIncreased care of fetal and neonatal airways has led to advances in neonatal medicine. The early diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases require a detailed knowledge of fetal airway anatomy and development. The aim of this study was to determine the anatomical development of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages and their structural variability during fetal life. The study was performed on the thyroid and cricoid cartilages of 55 human fetal larynges of both sexes, between the ages of 13 and 27 weeks of intrauterine life. Numerous measurements of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages were performed. Correlations between the obtained results were calculated in relation to the crown-rump (C-R) length of human fetuses and to sex. The structural variability of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages of human male and female fetuses in subsequent weeks of intrauterine life was observed. In both genders a correlation between laryngeal size and fetal crown-rump length, regardless of sex, was found. The thyroid cartilage presents a sexual dimorphism. The results of this study can be useful in the analysis of prenatal examinations, and in planning the treatment of airway emergencies.

• Pediatric pulmonary Hodgkin lymphoma: analysis of 10 years data from a single center.

  Authors: T Urasinski, E Kamienska, Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, T Ociepa, E Maloney, K Chosia, A Walecka

  European journal of medical research. 11/2010; 15 Suppl 2:206-10.

  Several reports indicate that lungs are the extralymphatic site most commonly affected in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma; however, the data in children are rather limited. This retrospective studySeveral reports indicate that lungs are the extralymphatic site most commonly affected in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma; however, the data in children are rather limited. This retrospective study aimed to assess the frequency, clinical picture, and the impact on prognosis in children with pulmonary Hodgkin lymphoma, who were diagnosed and treated in a single center during a 10-year period. Pulmonary lesions related to HL: nodules and parenchymal infiltrates with cavitations were found in 3 of 32 (9.4%) patients; in 2 cases these were found as the concomitant manifestation whereas in 1 case as the solitary form (Primary Pulmonary Hodgkin Lymphoma). B-DOPA and MVPP chemotherapy combined with mediastinal and pulmonary irradiation resulted in sustained remissions in all 3 patients, lasting 3, 7, and 64 months, respectively. Lung involvement occurs in up to 10% of children with Hodgkin lymphoma. Primary pulmonary Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare and atypical form of Hodgkin lymphoma; thus is associated with delayed diagnosis which does not seem to affect prognosis. It should be suspected in a child with non-resolving pneumonia and pulmonary parenchymal infiltrates with cavitations.

• Analysis of the correlation between the ostium surface area and divergence angles of coronary arteries and type of coronary circulation, heart dimensions and sex.

  Authors: Danuta Miklaszewska, Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, Florian Czerwiński

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2010; 56(2):6-11.

  The objective of this study was to analyse the correlation between the diameter and divergence angles of coronary arteries and type of coronary circulation, heart. The study was carried out on 102The objective of this study was to analyse the correlation between the diameter and divergence angles of coronary arteries and type of coronary circulation, heart. The study was carried out on 102 human hearts (59 male and 43 female). The coronary arteries and veins and the ascending aorta were filled with Polimal epoxide resin. Soft tissues were dissolved with hydrochloric acid after solidification of the resin. The specimens were measured for divergence angles of the coronary arteries. Correlations between vessel divergence angle, coronary circulation type, and heart size were analysed in the casts. Data analysis indicated a greater diameter of the left coronary artery in both sexes, and in the co-dominant and left-dominant coronary circulation type. No correlations between divergence angles of coronary vessels and gender or coronary circulation type were found.

• A morphometric study of prenatal development of the human larynx.

  Authors: Danuta Miklaszewska, Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, Florian Czerwiński, Edyta Dzieciołowska-Baran, Ewa Adamiec

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2010; 56(3):103-6.

  Precise knowledge of the anatomy and development of the airways in the fetus is needed for advances in neonatal medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the morphometry of the larynx duringPrecise knowledge of the anatomy and development of the airways in the fetus is needed for advances in neonatal medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the morphometry of the larynx during fetal development. The study was performed on 47 human fetal larynges (27 male and 20 female) collected between the age of 13-27 weeks of intrauterine life according to Pineau and preserved in 10% buffered formalin. Five measurements of each larynx were performed: total height of the larynx, height of the anterior wall, height of the posterior wall of the larynx, sagittal diameter of the aperture of the larynx, and external sagittal diameter of the cricoid cartilage. Correlations between the results and crown-rump (C-R) length of human fetuses in relation to gender were analyzed. The percentage ratio of laryngeal length to C-R length in subsequent weeks of the fetal period and in relation to gender was determined. Dimensions of the larynx were found to correlate with crown-rump length. Mean lengths of the larynx were greater in male than in female fetuses at some stages of development. Ultrasound dimensions of the larynx are greater than dimensions found during postmortem examinations.

• [Morphometric study of the left coronary artery].

  Authors: Danuta Miklaszewska, Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, Florian Czerwiński

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2010; 56(2):12-7.

  The majority of morphometric studies of the left coronary artery is based on one or a few dimensions. The present study was undertaken to measure the dimensions of the left coronary artery, as wellThe majority of morphometric studies of the left coronary artery is based on one or a few dimensions. The present study was undertaken to measure the dimensions of the left coronary artery, as well as to determine correlations of diameter, length, and divergence angles with heart size and gender. The study was carried out on 102 human hearts (59 male and 43 female). True casts of coronary vessels were obtained using epoxide resins. Specimens were measured for left coronary artery dimensions and heart dimensions. The left coronary artery always branched off the left sinus of aorta. It divided into three branches in 7% of cases. The length of the anterior descending branch depended on the volume index of the heart. Gender was without significant effect on the dimensions of the left coronary artery. Sexual dimorphism of the left coronary artery is weak and is not significant in most cases. The length of the anterior descending branch correlates with the volume index of the heart.

• [Ontogeny and phylogeny of the skull].

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2010; 56(2):18-21.

  Ontogeny of the skull is primarily determined by genetic factors and is modified during development by environmental factors. The shape of the skull and the direction of its development duringOntogeny of the skull is primarily determined by genetic factors and is modified during development by environmental factors. The shape of the skull and the direction of its development during intrauterine life are determined by the requirements of the growing brain. After birth, the most important role in modifying the shape of the skull is played by large forces from the stomatognathic system. The development of the cranium is fastest during fetal life; at birth, its size is 65% of its final value. After birth, changes in the shape of the skull take place at a slower pace and coincide with eruption of deciduous and permanent teeth, to a lesser degree with formation of the cervical lordosis and other curvatures of the vertebral column. A significant difference has been revealed between times when the skull reaches its final shape and size; adult shape is achieved first. The shape of the human skull has not been constant. Many changes over centuries favored evolution of the neurocranium and involution of the splanchnocranium. They have been provoked by new dietary habits, erect position of the body, alterations and development of the central nervous system, and locomotion type. The dominating features of contemporary man include a reduced splanchnocranium, micrognathia, and retroposition of the mandible. Our studies on medieval and contemporary material have confirmed the narrowing of the face together with shortening and lowering of the skull.

• [Methods for the assessment of skull asymmetry on radiograms].

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2009; 55(3):36-9.

  Skull asymmetry is one of the most important points of interest in the analysis of radiograms and computed tomography scans done for the purpose of medical practice and scientific research. This workSkull asymmetry is one of the most important points of interest in the analysis of radiograms and computed tomography scans done for the purpose of medical practice and scientific research. This work reviews methods used to determine the presence and degree of skull asymmetry. Assessment of skull asymmetry should involve at least two radiographic projections. The midline should be pass through vertex (v), crista galli, nasion (n), and prosthion (pr) points in the P-A projection and through opisthocranion (op), opisthion (o), basion (b), sphenobasion (sphb), and orale (o) in the base projection. Analysis of asymmetry of a point should be based on two different points of reference.

• [Polydactyly and syndactyly as the most common congenital disorders of the limbs]

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 01/2008; 54(3):130-3.

  Polydactyly is a common hereditary disorder in which extra or vestigial digits are present on the one or both sides of the extremities. It is ten times more frequent in Blacks than in Whites.Polydactyly is a common hereditary disorder in which extra or vestigial digits are present on the one or both sides of the extremities. It is ten times more frequent in Blacks than in Whites. Polydactyly occurs both in a sporadic form and in a hereditary form. In polydactyly type A, the extra digits contains phalanges, in polydactyly type B, there is no skeletal structure. The extra digit is made by skin only. Syndactyly type I exists when the connection is at the level of skin, in type II the phalanges of the fingers are connected. For syndactyly correction, combined use of "Z"-method incision and full-thickness free skin grafts are the most common method of treatment. A new method is based on a straight incision and free skin grafts. The scars after the serial excision are placed on the midlateral lines. The final scars are minimal, and good functional and cosmetic result is obtained.

• [Szczecin's newborn infant--somatic state]

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, Beata Tomczyk, Florian Czerwiński

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2007; 53(3):114-8.

  INTRODUCTION: Newborn's weight and correlated with it size parameters are subject to continuous fluctuations. According to Penrose, it depends on the external factors in 62%. Socioeconomic mother'sINTRODUCTION: Newborn's weight and correlated with it size parameters are subject to continuous fluctuations. According to Penrose, it depends on the external factors in 62%. Socioeconomic mother's condition of living is the most important factor. The study aimed at assessing the somatic state of newborn infants born in the Regional Hospital in Police. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Research material consisted of the measurements of newborn infants born in Police hospital's maternity ward in 2005. The measurements of 738 newborns have been carried out - 374 girls and 364 boys, who were born after normal and unifetal pregnancy. The mass and length of body as well as the circumferance of head and chest have been measured. The data have been statystically analyzed. RESULTS: The research confirmed the observed sexual dimorphism in the average weight of a newborn infant at birth. Male newborn infants are significantly heavier than the female ones. Newborn infants born in the third quarter attained the largest birth parameters. The largest number of deliveries occurred in winter months. CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that regional monitoring of newborn infant genotypic variation should be carried out in order to develop regional standards allowing for climatic variation.

• Morphometrical studies of posterior fontanel in different periods of foetal life.

  Authors: Violetta Konstanty-Kurkiewicz, Florian Czerwiński, Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka, Ewa Tomasik

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2007; 53(2):52-5.

  PURPOSE: There are 6 fontanels in the newborn's skull. Scientists have been mainly interested in the development of anterior fontanel in foetus and newborn. There are no researches about thePURPOSE: There are 6 fontanels in the newborn's skull. Scientists have been mainly interested in the development of anterior fontanel in foetus and newborn. There are no researches about the development of posterior fontanel. The aim of our study was to estimate the size of posterior fontanel in different periods of foetal life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was carried out 71 human foetuses of age 15-29 Hbd, which were preserved in 10% formalin. The width and length of posterior fontanel and the length, width and circumference of foetuses' heads were measured. All data were analysed statistically. RESULTS: The width and length of posterior fontanel increases up to 25 Hbd, and it decreases afterwards. The ratio of posterior fontanel's length to the length of foetus' head shows the increase in the group of foetuses up to 25 Hbd, but the decrease in group of foetuses from 25-29 Hbd. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of posterior fontanel progress from single to complex stage may be used to form an opinion about normal or pathological development of human fetus's body such as metabolic disorder's of bone tissue.

• [Radiological and anthropometric analysis of the symmetry and direction of evolution of skulls from some historic populations]

  Authors: Aleksandra Gawlikowska-Sroka

  Annales Academiae Medicae Stetinensis. 02/2006; 52(2):107-17; discussion 117.

  INTRODUCTION: Asymmetry is a common phenomenon in nature. It is typical for the human body and for the skull as its part. Knowledge of asymmetry and normal anatomy, especially of variability whichINTRODUCTION: Asymmetry is a common phenomenon in nature. It is typical for the human body and for the skull as its part. Knowledge of asymmetry and normal anatomy, especially of variability which does not represent pathology but distinguishes individuals is the basis for correct interpretation of radiological findings concerning the skull both in research and diagnostic examinations widely performed in surgery, neurology, neurosurgery, internal medicine, or pediatrics. Analysis of fluctuating asymmetry reveals the influence of stress factors on human development and the ability of the organism to defend itself against stress.The aim of this work was to analyse the asymmetry of skulls from some historic populations and to describe changes in their anatomy over the ages. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The material consisted of three skull groups: one contemporary with 82 skulls and two mediaeval (52 skulls from Cedynia and 77 skulls from Gródek on Bug). Direct measurements were done and the skull was X-rayed in the Posterior-Anterior and skull-base projections. Images were scanned and calibrated with MicroStation 95 Academic Edition software. Helmert's transformation with first-order polynomial was done to attain a suitable geometry. Vectorisation of axes and areas was performed on reference material. Using tools for measurement of vector elements, the distance between bilateral points of both sides of the skull were obtained. Data were analysed statistically. RESULTS: The results of measurements were used to study the directional and fluctuating asymmetry. It was found that asymmetry of the skull was present in both historic populations. The following conclusions were drawn: changes in the distribution of directional and fluctuating asymmetry for individual dimensions have taken place over the ages. A high level of directional asymmetry in the facial part and fluctuating asymmetry in the calvaria is typical for contemporary skulls. The reverse is true for relations in the case of mediaeval skulls. A greater level of fluctuating asymmetry in contemporary skulls reveals greater influence of the developmental stress on the contemporary population and its weaker ability for compensation.