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Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain 08/2012; · 2.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A sensing interface for specific protein capture was fabricated using a novel molecular imprinting (MIP) process. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and ovalbumin (OVA) were imprinted on a quartz substrate with modified alkyl groups, and target protein capture was detected using a deep-UV fluorescence image microscope (UVFLIM). The imprinted protein was immobilized to silica beads (diameter: 15μm) using a phospholipid polymer containing both active ester groups and silane coupling groups, which were used as protein stamps to prepare the imprinting surface. Protein recognition sites were constructed by integrating sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as the ligand, which was immobilized with a biocompatible photoreactive phospholipid polymer. When BSA solution was added to the BSA-based MIP substrate, strong fluorescence was observed from the tryptophan residue of BSA. In contrast, for the OVA-based MIP substrate and non-MIP substrate, no fluorescence was observed. The surface showed good selectivity of BSA against OVA. The phospholipid polymer layer prevented non-specific protein adsorption, resulting in highly selective protein recognition. Further, when the protein-imprinted substrate was constructed without ligands, neither protein was captured on the substrate. We demonstrated the importance of ligand integration for capturing target proteins at specific positions. UVFLIM can be used to detect biomolecules at the single-molecule level by using intrinsic fluorescence without molecular labeling. Our new protein-imprinted surface used with UVFLIM is a versatile tool for capturing biomolecules.
Biosensors & bioelectronics 06/2012; · 5.43 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical outcomes associated with single-session, whole-liver radioembolization with Yttrium-90 (90Y)-labeled resin microspheres in patients with nonresectable liver metastases from breast cancer that were refractory to other treatments. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who were treated between January 2002 and October 2008 was performed. Fifty-eight patients with unresectable liver metastases from breast cancer who had a good performance status and a low burden of extrahepatic disease were eligible for RE. Patients had undergone polychemotherapy regimens including at least anthracyclines and taxanes, hormonal therapy, and trastuzumab were applicable. RESULTS: A median activity of 1.93 GBq of 90Y was delivered. Follow-up at a median of 4.2 months demonstrated complete response, partial response, stable disease, and progressive disease in 5, 52, 31, and 12 % of patients, respectively. With respect to tumor diameters, imaging revealed a maximum and minimum response of -57.6 to +25.8 %, respectively. The median overall survival was 12.3 months. The median survival of responders and nonresponders was 20.9 and 6.3 months, respectively, and the median survival of patients with and patients without extrahepatic disease was 8.3 and 16.2 months, respectively. Clinically significant toxicities with the appearance of increasing transaminase level, increasing bilirubin level, nausea and vomiting, gastric ulcers, and ascites. CONCLUSIONS: Single-session, whole-liver 90Y radioembolization can be performed with an acceptable toxicity profile in patients with liver metastases from breast cancer.
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology 06/2012; 138(10):1779. · 2.56 Impact Factor
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H. Darabi,
P. Chang,
H. Jensen,
A. Zolfaghari,
P. Lettieri,
J.C. Leete,
B. Mohammadi,
J. Chiu, Qiang Li,
Shr-Lung Chen, [......],
P. Kilcoyne,
H. Vinh,
E. Raith,
M. Koscal,
A. Hukkoo,
C. Hayek,
V. Rakhshani,
C. Wilcoxson,
M. Rofougaran,
A. Rofougaran
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ABSTRACT: A quad-band 2.5G SoC integrating all the RF, DSP, ARM, audio and other baseband processing functions into a single 65 nm CMOS die is described. The paper focuses on the radio portion mostly, and addresses the challenges of realizing a complete GSM/EDGE SoC with the RF integrated along with the rest of digital baseband circuitry. Several circuit level as well as architectural techniques are presented to realize a very low-cost and low-power 2.5G radio while meeting the stringent cellular requirements with wide margin. The radio draws a battery current of 49 mA in the receiver-mode, and 86/77 mA in the GMSK/8PSK transmit-mode. The low-IF receiver achieves a sensitivity of -110 dBm at the antenna, corresponding to a noise figure of 2.4 dB at the device input. The 8PSK±400 kHz modulation mask is - 64.1/62.7 dBc for high/low bands, with an RMS EVM of 2.45/1.95%. The radio core area is 3.95 mm<sup>2</sup> .
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 05/2011; · 3.23 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Coordinated Multi-Point transmission and reception (CoMP) technique has been adopted in LTE-Advanced as one of the promising techniques because it can significantly increase the throughput of the cell edge user and the total sector throughput for both downlink and uplink transmission. Compared with conventional cellular system, CoMP can reduce inter-cell interference (ICI) significantly. On the other hand, the user pairing scheme is an efficient technique to explore the space dimension and utilize the user scheduling to improve the system capacity and special efficiency. In this paper, a practical uplink user pairing transmission scheme for CoMP is proposed, which further potentially improves the system capacity and the spectrum efficiency by effectively utilizing the time/frequency resources. Simulation results confirmed that the proposed uplink user pairing scheme can provide significant gains with coordinated multi-point transmission.
Future Computer and Communication (ICFCC), 2010 2nd International Conference on; 06/2010
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ABSTRACT: This preliminary road map is provided for state-of-the-art technologies and trends toward integration of point-of-load converters. This paper encompasses an extended survey of literature ranging from device technologies and magnetic materials to integration technologies and approaches. The paper is organized into three main sections. 1) Device technologies, including the trench MOSFET, lateral MOSFET and lateral trench MOSFET, are discussed along with their intended applications. The critical role of device packaging to high-frequency integration is assessed. 2) Magnetic materials: In recent years, a number of new magnetic materials have been explored in various research labs to facilitate magnetic integration for high-frequency POL applications. These data are collected and organized to help selecting magnetic material for various current levels and frequency ranges. 3) Levels of integration, which are defined with the focus on magnetic integration techniques and approaches, namely board-level, package-level and wafer-level, each with suitable current scale and frequency range.
Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition (APEC), 2010 Twenty-Fifth Annual IEEE; 03/2010
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ABSTRACT: An EPC<sub>global</sub> Gen2 compatible semi-passive (or be called battery-assisted passive) tag is proposed. The transmission link is studied to optimize power distribution in a backscatter RFID system. For long read range consideration, design targets for low power tag are given. The tag chip is implemented in SMIC 0.18 mum standard CMOS technology. A high efficiency AC-DC charge pump serves as a rectifier. A low power wake-up circuit detects the input energy level and controls a button cell battery to supply the chip. The equivalent tag power is 230 nW by measurement.
RFID, 2009 IEEE International Conference on; 05/2009
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A. Zolfaghari,
H. Darabi,
H. Jensen,
J. Leete,
B. Mohammadi,
J. Chiu, Qiang Li,
Zhimin Zhou,
P. Lettieri,
Yuyu Chang, [......],
J. Castaneda,
J. Kim,
H. Tran,
P. Kilcoyne,
R. Chen,
B. Lee,
B. Zhao,
B. Ibrahim,
M. Rofougaran,
A. Rofougaran
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ABSTRACT: This article reviews transmitter topologies for radio transceivers with emphasis on cellular applications. In the first section it discusses different architectures and the challenges in practical implementations. Then it presents a transmitter as part of a fully integrated transceiver for GSM/GPRS/EDGE.
IEEE Communications Magazine 10/2008; · 3.79 Impact Factor
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A. Behzad,
K.A. Carter,
Hung-Ming Chien,
S. Wu,
Meng-An Pan,
C.P. Lee, Qiang Li,
J.C. Leete,
S. Au,
M.S. Kappes, [......],
A. Rofougaran,
M. Rofougaran,
J. Trachewsky,
T. Moorti,
R. Gaikwad,
A. Bagchi,
J.S. Hammerschmidt,
J. Pattin,
J.J. Rael,
B. Marholev
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ABSTRACT: 802.11n is the latest offering from the IEEE standard committee tasked with enabling and enhancing WLAN systems. This standard utilizes several techniques to offer a much larger rate versus range than the legacy WLAN systems. A single-chip multiband direct-conversion CMOS MIMO transceiver (2times2) targeted for WLAN applications is presented. This transceiver is capable of satisfying the requirements of the draft 802.1 In standard and achieves PHY rates of > 270 Mb/s. The receivers and transmitters achieve an EVM of better than -41 dB (0.9%) and -40 dB (1.0%) operating in legacy g and a modes, respectively. From a 1.8 V supply and with both cores operating, the chip draws 275 mA in RX mode and 280 mA in TX mode.
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 01/2008; · 3.23 Impact Factor
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S. Khorram,
H. Darabi,
Zhimin Zhou, Qiang Li,
B. Marholev,
J. Chiu,
J. Castaneda,
Hung-Ming Chien,
S.B. Anand,
S. Wu, [......],
Hea Joung Kim,
P. Lettieri,
B. Ibrahim,
J.J. Rael,
L.H. Tran,
E. Geronaga,
H. Yeh,
T. Frost,
J. Trachewsky,
A. Rofougaran
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ABSTRACT: A fully integrated system-on-a-chip (SOC) intended for use in 802.11b applications is built in 0.18-μm CMOS. All of the radio building blocks including the power amplifier (PA), the phase-locked loop (PLL) filter, and the antenna switch, as well as the complete baseband physical layer and the medium access control (MAC) sections, have been integrated into a single chip. The radio tuned to 2.4 GHz dissipates 165 mW in the receive mode and 360 mW in the transmit mode from a 1.8-V supply. The receiver achieves a typical noise figure of 6 dB and -88-dBm sensitivity at 11 Mb/s rate. The transmitter delivers a nominal output power of 13 dBm at the antenna. The transmitter 1-dB compression point is 18 dBm and has over 20 dB of gain range.
IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits 01/2006; · 3.23 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: A system simulation environment in Matlab/Simulink of RFID is constructed in this paper. Special attention is emphasized on the analog/RF circuit. Negative effects are concerned in the system model, such as phase noise of the local oscillator, TX-RX coupling, reflection of the environment, AWGN noise, DC offset, I/Q mismatch, etc. Performance of the whole system can be evaluated by changing the coding method, parameters of building blocks, and operation distance. Finally, some simulation results are presented in this paper.
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ABSTRACT: This paper describes design and fabrication of schottky barrier diodes (SBD) with a commercial standard 0.35um CMOS process. In order to reduce the series resistor of schottky contact, interdigitating the fingers of schottky diode layout was adopted. The I-V, C-V and S parameter results were measured. The parameters of realized SBD such as saturation current (Is), break down voltage (Vb) and the Schottky barrier height (B φ) are given. And in the end gives the Spice simulation model of the realized SBDs.
