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ABSTRACT: We experimentally demonstrate dispersion engineering of slow light photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides using selective infiltration of the first two rows of air holes with high index ionic liquids. The infiltrated PhC waveguide exhibits a dispersion window of 3 nm with a nearly constant group velocity of ∼c/80 that depends on the liquid physical properties. We investigate how the effective refractive index changes in time due to the dynamics of the liquids in the holes. This demonstration highlights the versatility, flexibility, and tunability offered by optofluidics in PhC circuits.
Optics Letters 10/2012; 37(20):4215-7. · 3.40 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We demonstrate optically stable amorphous silicon nanowires with both high nonlinear figure of merit (FOM) of ~5 and high nonlinearity Re(γ) = 1200W<sup>-1</sup>m<sup>-1</sup>. We observe no degradation in these parameters over the entire course of our experiments including systematic study under operation at 2 W coupled peak power (i.e. ~2GW/cm<sup>2</sup>) over timescales of at least an hour.
Optics Express 09/2012; 20(20):22609-15. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We experimentally demonstrate reconfigurable photonic crystal waveguides created directly by infiltrating high refractive index (n≈2.01) liquids into selected air holes of a two-dimensional hexagonal periodic lattice in silicon. The resulting effective index contrast is large enough that a single row of infiltrated holes enables light propagation at near-infrared wavelengths. We include a detailed comparison between modeling and experimental results of single line defect waveguides and show how our infiltration procedure is reversible and repeatable. We achieve infiltration accuracy down to the single air hole level and demonstrate control on the volume of liquid infused into the holes by simply changing the infiltration velocity. This method is promising for achieving a wide range of targeted optical functionalities on a "blank" photonic crystal membrane that can be reconfigured on demand.
Optics Express 05/2012; 20(10):11046-56. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The integration of microfluidics and microphotonics brings the ability to tune and reconfigure ultra-compact optical devices.
This flexibility is essentially provided by three characteristics of fluids that are scalable at the micron-scale: fluid mobility,
large ranges of index modulation, and abrupt interfaces that can be easily reshaped. Several examples of optofluidic devices
are presented here to illustrate the achievement of flexible devices on (semi) planar and compact platforms. First, we report
an integrated geometry for a compact and tunable interferometer that exploits a sharp and mobile air/water interface. We then
describe a class of optically controlled devices that rely on the actuation of optically trapped micron-sized objects within
a fluid environment. The last architecture results from the infiltration of photonic crystal devices with fluids. This produces
tunable and reconfigurable photonic devices, like optical switches. Higher degrees of functionality could be achieved with
sophisticated optofluidic platforms that associate complex microfluidic delivery and mixing schemes with microphotonic devices.
Moreover, optofluidics offers new opportunities for realizing highly responsive and compact sensors.
Microfluidics and Nanofluidics 04/2012; 4(1):81-95. · 3.37 Impact Factor
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F. Li,
S. Jackson,
E. Magi, C. Grillet,
S. Madden,
Y. Moghe,
A. Read,
S.G. Duvall,
P. Atanackovic,
B.J. Eggleton,
D.J. Moss
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ABSTRACT: We report low loss silicon-on-sapphire nanowires for applications to mid infrared optics. We achieve propagation losses of <; ldB/cm at λ=1550nm and <; 2dB/cm at λ = 5.08 μm.
Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), 2011 Conference on; 06/2011
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F. Li, C. Grillet,
S. Jackson,
P. Krug,
E. Magi,
C. Monat,
Y. Moghe,
A. Read,
S.G. Duvall,
P. Atanackovic,
B.J. Eggleton,
D.J. Moss
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ABSTRACT: We report low loss silicon-on-sapphire nanowires for potential applications to mid infrared optics. We achieve propagation losses <; 1dB/cm in the 1550nm wavelength range and show these devices have potential out to 6 μm.
Optical Fibre Technology (ACOFT), 2010 35th Australian Conference on; 01/2011
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ABSTRACT: A microfluidic double heterostructure cavity is created in a silicon planar photonic crystal waveguide by selective infiltration of a liquid crystal. The spectral evolution of the cavity resonances probed by evanescent coupling reveals that the liquid crystal evaporates, even at room temperature, despite its relatively low vapor pressure of 5 × 10(-3) Pa. We explore the infiltration and evaporation dynamics of the liquid crystal within the cavity using a Fabry-Perot model that accounts for the joint effects of liquid volume reduction and cavity length variation due to liquid evaporation. While discussing how the pattern of the infiltrated liquid can be optimized to restrict evaporation, we find that the experimental behavior is consistent with basic microfluidic relations considering the small volumes of liquids and large surface areas present in our structure.
Optics Express 12/2010; 18(26):27280-90. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We experimentally investigate four-wave mixing (FWM) in short (80 μm) dispersion-engineered slow light silicon photonic crystal waveguides. The pump, probe and idler signals all lie in a 14 nm wide low dispersion region with a near-constant group velocity of c/30. We measure an instantaneous conversion efficiency of up to -9dB between the idler and the continuous-wave probe, with 1W peak pump power and 6 nm pump-probe detuning. This conversion efficiency is found to be considerably higher (>10 × ) than that of a Si nanowire with a group velocity ten times larger. In addition, we estimate the FWM bandwidth to be at least that of the flat band slow light window. These results, supported by numerical simulations, emphasize the importance of engineering the dispersion of PhC waveguides to exploit the slow light enhancement of FWM efficiency, even for short device lengths.
Optics Express 10/2010; 18(22):22915-27. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We demonstrate optical performance monitoring of in-band optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR) and residual dispersion, at bit rates of 40Gb/s, 160Gb/s and 640Gb/s, using slow-light enhanced optical third harmonic generation (THG) in a compact (80microm) dispersion engineered 2D silicon photonic crystal waveguide. We show that there is no intrinsic degradation in the enhancement of the signal processing at 640Gb/s relative to that at 40Gb/s, and that this device should operate well above 1Tb/s. This work represents a record 16-fold increase in processing speed for a silicon device, and opens the door for slow light to play a key role in ultra-high bandwidth telecommunications systems.
Optics Express 04/2010; 18(8):7770-81. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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C. Monat,
B. Corcoran,
D. Pudo,
M. Ebnali-Heidari, C. Grillet,
M.D. Pelusi,
D.J. Moss,
B.J. Eggleton,
T.P. White,
L. O'Faolain,
T.F. Krauss
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ABSTRACT: We present a summary of our recent experiments showing how various nonlinear phenomena are enhanced due to slow light in silicon photonic crystal waveguides. These nonlinear processes include self-phase modulation (SPM), two-photon absorption (TPA), free-carrier related effects, and third-harmonic generation, the last effect being associated with the emission of green visible light, an unexpected phenomenon in silicon. These demonstrations exploit photonic crystal waveguides engineered to support slow modes with a range of group velocities as low as c/50 and, more crucially, with significantly reduced dispersion. We discuss the potential of slow light in photonic crystals for realizing compact nonlinear devices operating at low powers. In particular, we consider the application of SPM to all-optical regeneration, and experimentally investigate an original approach, where enhanced TPA and free-carrier absorption are used for partial regeneration of a high-bit rate data stream (10 Gb/s).
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 03/2010; · 3.78 Impact Factor
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C. Grillet,
M. W. Lee,
X. Gai,
S. Tomljenovic-Hanic,
C. Monat,
E. Magi,
D. J. Moss,
B. J. Eggleton,
S. Madden,
D. Y. Choi,
D. Bulla,
B. Luther-Davies
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ABSTRACT: In this review, we discuss the progress and prospects offered by chalcogenide glass photonic crystals. We show that by making photonic crystals from a highly-nonlinear chalcogenide glass, we have the potential to integrate a variety of active devices into a photonic chip. We describe the testing of two-dimensional Ge33As12Se55 chalcogenide glass photonic crystal membrane devices (waveguides and microcavities). We then demonstrate the ability to not only posttune the devices properties but also create high Q cavities by using the material photosensitivity.
01/2010;
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M. W. Lee, C. Grillet,
S. Tomljenovic-Hanic,
D. J. Moss,
B. J. Eggleton,
X. Gai,
S. Madden,
D. Y. Choi,
D. Bulla,
B. Luther-Davies,
Ieee
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ABSTRACT: We present results showing the formation and evolution of a photonic crystal cavity during writing by selective optical exposure in a photosensitive chalcogenide photonic crystal. Q-factors of up to 125,000 were obtained in these cavities. (C) 2010 Optical Society of America
01/2010; , ISBN: 9781557528902
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ABSTRACT: We demonstrate optical performance monitoring of in-band OSNR in 40 Gbit/s Return-to-Zero signals via slow-light enhanced third-harmonic generation in silicon photonic crystal waveguides, improving on methods using quadratic transfer functions.
Optical Communication, 2009. ECOC '09. 35th European Conference on; 10/2009
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ABSTRACT: In this paper, we investigate both analytically and numerically four-wave mixing (FWM) in short (80 microm) dispersion engineered slow light photonic crystal waveguides. We demonstrate that both a larger FWM conversion efficiency and an increased FWM bandwidth (approximately 10 nm) can be achieved in these waveguides as compared to dispersive PhC waveguides. This improvement is achieved through the net slow light enhancement of the FWM efficiency (almost 30dB as compared to a fast nanowire of similar length), even in the presence of slow light increased linear and nonlinear losses, and the suitable dispersion profile of these waveguides. We show how such improved FWM operation can be advantageously exploited for designing a compact 2R and 3R regenerator with the appropriate nonlinear power transfer function.
Optics Express 09/2009; 17(20):18340-53. · 3.59 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We report optical performance monitoring via slow-light enhanced third harmonic generation in a 2D silicon photonic crystal waveguide. We achieve all-optical in-band OSNR monitoring of a 40Gb/s Return-to-Zero signal with significantly better performance than methods based on quadratic response functions.
Optical Fiber Communication - incudes post deadline papers, 2009. OFC 2009. Conference on; 04/2009
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Laser & Photonics Review 03/2009; 4(2):192 - 204. · 7.39 Impact Factor
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M. W. Lee, C. Grillet,
S. Tomljenovic-Hanici,
D. Moss,
B. J. Eggleton,
X. Gai,
S. Madden,
D. Y. Choi,
D. Bulla,
B. Luther-Davies,
Ieee
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ABSTRACT: We present a first demonstration of a high-Q (similar to 60000) photonic crystal (PhC) cavity formed post-fabrication by locally modifying the refractive index of a PhC made of a photosensitive chalcogenide glass.
01/2009: pages 821-822;
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U. Bog,
C Smith,
S. Tomljenovic-Hanic, C. Grillet,
C. Monat,
D. Wu,
L. O'Faolain,
T White,
C. Karnutsch,
T.F. Krauss,
R McPhedran,
B.J. Eggleton
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ABSTRACT: We demonstrate reconfigurable microfluidic photonic crystal components in silicon-based membranes by select hole infiltration. We employ a diverse range of fluids and show the capability of filling a single hole. Systematic characterisations of the induced defects are presented.
IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings, 2008 Digest of the; 08/2008
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ABSTRACT: We report the manufacturing and optical characterization of microsphere in chalcogenide. We show that high-Q modes of a 9.2 mumm diameter chalcogenide glass can be efficiently excited using a silica tapered fiber.
Lasers and Electro-Optics, 2008 and 2008 Conference on Quantum Electronics and Laser Science. CLEO/QELS 2008. Conference on; 06/2008
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ABSTRACT: We demonstrate a photonic crystal (PC) cavity formed post-fabrication by locally modifying the refractive index of a chalcogenide PC by using the photosensitivity of the chalcogenide glass.
01/2008: pages 205-206; , ISBN: 9780858258631
