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ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the mechanisms of thermosetting and simultaneous hydrogen desorption of liquid 1-butanol polymer composed during a plasma-induced reaction. A transparent liquid 1-butanol polymer consisting of partially dissociated 1-butanol, oxygen, and nitrogen gradually gains viscosity at less than 50 degrees C and transforms to a solid between 100 and 150 degrees C. This polymer also traps at least 0.225 mass % hydrogen during its composition and thermally desorbs the hydrogen between 26 and 150 degrees C. Electron probe microanalyses (EPMA) and FTIR analyses indicate that 11 wt % nitrogen fixed from the air is the principal component in the formation of stable 3-D bridge structures and the resultant thermosetting of the polymer. Thermal-desorption analysis and electrical resistivity measurements also support the theory that some hydrogen is electrically trapped as quasi-stable ions around negatively polarized OH and/or C=O bonds in the polymer, contributing to both electrical conductivity and the desorption of hydrogen.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 09/2007; 111(31):9200-8. · 3.70 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This letter reports on the self-alignment of glass spheres using a liquid interacting with an electric field for surface modification. The liquid is electrically attracted and trapped between the glass spheres as a result of the electromeniscus phenomenon. The liquid between the spheres removes the electric charge on the spheres, enhances the attractive forces between the spheres, and works as a lubricant for their smooth alignment. These roles of the liquid enable the electric field to smoothly self-assembly glass spheres three-dimensionally. The three-dimensional self-assembly of glass spheres will greatly contribute to the fabrication of micro-optics and biomedical devices using a laser.
Applied Physics Letters 10/2005; · 3.84 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: This paper investigates the roles of nitrogen and oxygen in forming a 1-butanol polymer. The analyses show that nitrogen is the key species for forming a stable 1-butanol polymer, and the viscosity of the polymer is increased as the ratio of nitrogen in the polymer is increased. In contrast, oxygen does not contribute to forming the polymer but rather prevents formation of the polymer instead. This article also analyzes the origin of C=O bonding in the 1-butanol polymer. IR analysis demonstrates that oxygen in the atmosphere is fixed in the polymer as C=O bonds, instead oxidizing the O-H group in 1-butanol.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 09/2005; 109(31):14876-83. · 3.70 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: We analyzed the requirements for plasma-induced alcohol polymerization by comparing the reactions of several types of aliphatic alcohols and alkanes. The experiments revealed that alcohol polymerization requires the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen into alcohol. The OH group in alcohol physically contributes to initiate the airborne plasma reactions with its permittivity. However, the group chemically works to inhibit the fixation of nitrogen and successive polymerization of alcohols. Our study demonstrates that the ratio of OH groups per weight percent of each molecule decides the feasibility of the polymerization and the properties of the polymers.
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B 06/2005; 109(20):9946-51. · 3.70 Impact Factor
