Publications (17)2.3 Total impact
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Article: Escalation Bargaining: Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Test
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ABSTRACT: The standard chicken game is a popular model of certain important real scenarios but does not allow for the escalation behavior these are typically associated with. This is problematic if the critical, final decisions in these scenarios are sensitive to previous escalation. We introduce and analyze, theoretically and by experiment, a new game which permits escalation behavior. Compared with an equivalent chicken game, Pareto-suboptimal outcomes are significantly more frequent. This result is inconsistent with our rational choice analysis and possible psychological roots are explored.Nottingham University Business School Research Paper Series. 05/2011; -
Article: Trust in V-Commerce: An Experimental Approach
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ABSTRACT: This paper reports decision-making experiments designed to assess to what extent trade in virtual environments can reduce the trust deficit commonly associated with traditional e-commerce compared with 'physical' trade. Our approach is based on previous findings that trust is related to the degree of social presence the electronic interface permits. We compare the behaviour of incentivised subjects in trust games conducted in physical laboratory, virtual world and website settings. While the web interface is characterised by least trust and trustworthiness of the three, there is no evidence for lower trust in virtual environments. These results suggest a role for v-commerce in combining the social presence benefits of physical trading environments with the information economies of e-commerce.Nottingham University Business School Research Paper Series. 03/2009; -
Article: Virtual trust: An experimental approach
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ABSTRACT: This paper reports decision-making experiments designed to assess to what extent trade in virtual environments can reduce the trust deficit commonly associated with traditional e-commerce compared with �physical� trade. Our approach is based on previous findings that trust is related to the degree of social presence the electronic interface permits. We compare the behaviour of incentivised subjects in trust games conducted in physical laboratory, virtual world and website settings. While the web interface is characterised by least trust and trustworthiness of the three, there is no evidence for lower trust in virtual environments. These results suggest a role for v-commerce in combining the social presence benefits of physical trading environments with the information economies of e-commerce.International Centre for Behavioural Business Research, ICBBR Working Papers. 01/2009; -
Article: Do cultures clash? Evidence from cross-national ultimatum game experiments
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ABSTRACT: [eng] Transportation costs and monopoly location in presence of regional disparities. . This article aims at analysing the impact of the level of transportation costs on the location choice of a monopolist. We consider two asymmetric regions. The heterogeneity of space lies in both regional incomes and population sizes: the first region is endowed with wide income spreads allocated among few consumers whereas the second one is highly populated however not as wealthy. Among the results, we show that a low transportation costs induces the firm to exploit size effects through locating in the most populated region. Moreover, a small transport cost decrease may induce a net welfare loss, thus allowing for regional development policies which do not rely on inter-regional transportation infrastructures. cost decrease may induce a net welfare loss, thus allowing for regional development policies which do not rely on inter-regional transportation infrastructures. [fre] Cet article d�veloppe une statique comparative de l'impact de diff�rents sc�narios d'investissement (projet d'infrastructure conduisant � une baisse mod�r�e ou � une forte baisse du co�t de transport inter-r�gional) sur le choix de localisation d'une entreprise en situation de monopole, au sein d'un espace int�gr� compos� de deux r�gions aux populations et revenus h�t�rog�nes. La premi�re r�gion, faiblement peupl�e, pr�sente de fortes disparit�s de revenus, tandis que la seconde, plus homog�ne en termes de revenu, repr�sente un march� potentiel plus �tendu. On montre que l'h�t�rog�n�it� des revenus constitue la force dominante du mod�le lorsque le sc�nario d'investissement privil�gi� par les politiques publiques conduit � des gains substantiels du point de vue du co�t de transport entre les deux r�gions. L'effet de richesse, lorsqu'il est associ� � une forte disparit� des revenus, n'incite pas l'entreprise � exploiter son pouvoir de march� au d�triment de la r�gion lJournal of Economic Behavior & Organization 01/2007; 64(1):35-48. · 1.01 Impact Factor -
Article: International women's football and gender inequality
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ABSTRACT: A number of authors have identified the determinants of international sporting performance differentials in men's sporting events. This study compares the determinants of men's international soccer team performance with that of their female counterparts and find that a partially different set of variables are important in the two contexts. While economic and demographic influences hold for both, their particular political and cultural factors diverge. These findings highlight different degrees of gender inequality among the countries in the sample in terms of the greatly different economic, political and social significance of the sport depending whether it is played by men or women.Applied Economics Letters 12/2006; 13(15):999-1001. · 0.23 Impact Factor -
Article: Beyond the 'Representative Agent': Connecting Socio-Cultural Attitudes and Behaviour in Ultimatum Game Experiments
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ABSTRACT: The processes by which culture influences economic variables need to be exposed in order for the concept to be a useful tool for prediction and policy formulation. We investigate the attitudes and experimental behaviour of Malaysian and UK subjects to shed light on the nature of culture and the mechanisms by which it affects economic behaviour. We show that contrary to the homogeneity implied in standard economic theory, differences in economic choices can be directly attributable to differences in agent attitudes which in turn can be connected to the cultural environment in which they live and work.Nottingham University Business School Research Paper Series. 05/2006; -
Article: Comparing the Socio-Economic Determinants of Men's and Women's International Soccer Performance
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ABSTRACT: We compare the determinants of women's and men's international soccer performance and find that partially different variables are important in the two contexts. While economic and demographic influences hold for both, the particular political and cultural factors differ. These differences highlight the greatly different economic, political and social significance of the sport depending whether it is played by men or women.07/2005; -
Article: An Economic Anatomy of Culture: Attitudes and Behaviour in Inter- and Intra-National Ultimatum Game Experiments
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ABSTRACT: The processes by which culture influences economic variables need to be exposed in order for the concept to be a useful tool for prediction and policy formulation. We investigate the attitudes and experimental behaviour of Malaysian and UK subjects to shed light on the nature of culture and the mechanisms by which it affects economic behaviour. Attitudinal dimensions of culture which significantly influence experimental game play are identified. This approach is offered towards a method to suitably quantify culture for economic analysis.06/2005; -
Article: Coordination and Incomplete Information: an Experimental Study
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ABSTRACT: This paper presents experimental evidence demonstrating that agents' knowledge of strategy alternatives in pure coordination games is inversely correlated with decision-making efficacy. Alternative theoretical accounts of players' choice processes in coordination games are considered to shed light on our empirical results.04/2004; -
Article: FDI and Pollution: A Granger Causality Test using Panel Data
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ABSTRACT: This study reports the findings of Granger causality tests on the relationship between FDI and pollution across 112 countries over 15-28 years. Our results uncover alternative causality relationships between the two variables depending on a host country's level of development.03/2004; -
Article: The Evolution of Measurement Standards
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ABSTRACT: Measurement activities are central to virtually all technical activities including engineering, construction and scientific research. In addition, the standardisation of measurement can generate considerable economies in production and exchange interactions between economic agents. This paper discusses the evolution of measurement standards from the perspective of both evolutionary game theory and transaction costs economics. The paper identifies the factors which influence the contribution that measurement standardisation can make to economic welfare.03/2004; -
Article: Industry Self-Regulation: A Game-Theoretic Typology of Strategic Voluntary Compliance
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ABSTRACT: We analyse the possibility of successful industry self-regulation in terms of the strategic interactions between industry members and government. In particular, this article presents a game-theoretic typology of generic self-regulatory scenarios and evaluates these in terms of the resulting likelihood of collective compliance. We discuss the advertising, press and life insurance industries in the UK as examples of the scenarios. Conclusions for corporate and public policy are offered.International Journal of the Economics of Business. 02/2004; 11(1):91-106. -
Article: The Socio-Economic Determinants of International Soccer Performance
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ABSTRACT: This paper reports regression results identifying the variables influencing a country’s performance in international soccer games. The results reveal that economic, demographic, cultural and climatic factors are important. In particular, inverted U-shape relationships are identified with respect to temperature and per-capita wealth. We also find a significant interaction between Latin cultural origin and population size, while both variables are individually insignificant. Explanations for our results are offered.Journal of Applied Economics. 02/2002; V(November):253-272. -
Article: The Evolution of Cooperation Revisited
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ABSTRACT: Robert Axelrod's seminal round-robin computer tournaments for the repeated prisoner's dilemma have been hailed as the explanation of the evolution of cooperation. In this paper, Axelrod's results are systematically re-examined in the light of new insights about computer simulations. In particular, this paper presents an overview of the effects of seven important simulation parameters on the results of round-robin simulations with two-state Moore machines. Furthermore, I provide a detailed analysis of how different strategic characteristics of the automata determine the effect changes in the parameter values have on their respective payoffs.02/1996; -
Article: An economic anatomy of culture: Attitudes and behaviour in inter- and intra-national ultimatum game experiments
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ABSTRACT: We examine bargaining behaviour in experimental ultimatum games with Malaysian and UK subjects. Significant differences in offer levels between the two national groups are explained with reference to differences in their responses to particular dimensions of the World Values Survey questionnaire. These attitudinal differences are interpreted as cultural difference between the subject groups that are responsible for their differential behaviour.Journal of Economic Psychology. -
Article: An economic anatomy of culture: Attitudes and behaviour in inter- and intra-national ultimatum game experiments
[show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We examine bargaining behaviour in experimental ultimatum games with Malaysian and UK subjects. Significant differences in offer levels between the two national groups are explained with reference to differences in their responses to particular dimensions of the World Values Survey questionnaire. These attitudinal differences are interpreted as cultural difference between the subject groups that are responsible for their differential behaviour.Journal of Economic Psychology 30(5):732-744. · 1.07 Impact Factor -
Article: Virtual world experimentation: An exploratory study
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ABSTRACT: We explore the scientific potential of virtual worlds for experimental economics in terms of the subject pools and experimental platforms they present. Our results offer tentative, qualified support for virtual world experimentation. Overall, the behaviour of virtual subjects recruited, incentivised and observed within Second Life across a range of five standard experimental games was not found to differ significantly from established standard results. In addition, we identify certain methodological opportunities and challenges which confront virtual world experimenters.Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization.
Top co-authors
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Institutions
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1996–2011
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University of Nottingham
Nottingham, ENG, United Kingdom
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2005
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University of Nottingham, Malaysia Campus
Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
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