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The CMS Collaboration,
S Chatrchyan,
G Hmayakyan,
V Khachatryan,
A M Sirunyan,
W Adam,
T Bauer,
T Bergauer,
H Bergauer,
M Dragicevic, [......],
G Abdullaeva,
A Avezov,
M I Fazylov,
E M Gasanov,
A Khugaev,
Y N Koblik,
M Nishonov,
K Olimov,
A Umaraliev,
B S Yuldashev
[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: The Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) detector is described. The detector operates at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. It was conceived to study proton-proton (and lead-lead) collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 14 TeV (5.5 TeV nucleon-nucleon) and at luminosities up to 1034 cm−2 s−1 (1027 cm−2 s−1). At the core of the CMS detector sits a high-magnetic-field and large-bore superconducting solenoid surrounding an all-silicon pixel and strip tracker, a lead-tungstate scintillating-crystals electromagnetic calorimeter, and a brass-scintillator sampling hadron calorimeter. The iron yoke of the flux-return is instrumented with four stations of muon detectors covering most of the 4π solid angle. Forward sampling calorimeters extend the pseudorapidity coverage to high values (|η| ≤ 5) assuring very good hermeticity. The overall dimensions of the CMS detector are a length of 21.6 m, a diameter of 14.6 m and a total weight of 12500 t.
Journal of Instrumentation 08/2008; 3(08):S08004. · 1.87 Impact Factor
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J. Imrek,
G. Hegyesi,
G. Kalinka,
J. Molnar,
D. Novak,
I. Valastyan,
J. Vegh,
L. Balkay,
M. Emri,
S. Kis,
L. Tron,
T. Biikki, Z. Szabo,
A. Kerek
[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: We present a new detector module developed for miniPET-II, the second generation of the miniPET small animal PET scanners. The improved module features new hardware components for better performance: LySO crystal material, increased number of crystal segments, Hamamatsu H9500 PSPMT, Xilinx Virtex-4 FPGA and Gigabit Ethernet. However, the principle of operation is the same: no hardware coincidence detection is implemented, data is acquired in list mode and transfered over an Ethernet network. The resulting new module is more suitable for full ring configurations.
Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2006. IEEE; 12/2006
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G. Hegyesi,
J. Imrek,
G. Kalinka,
J. Molnar,
D. Novak,
J. Vegh,
L. Balkay,
M. Emri,
S.A. Kis,
G. Molnar,
L. Tron,
I. Valastyan,
I. Bagamery,
T. Bukki,
S. Rozsa, Z. Szabo,
A. Kerek
[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: We report on the design of a small animal PET scanner being developed at our institutes. The existing setup is the first version of the miniPET machine consisting of four detector modules. Each detector module consists of an 8times8 LSO scintillator crystal block, a position sensitive photomultiplier, a digitizer including a digital signal processing board and an Ethernet interface board. There is no hardware coincidence detection implemented in the system and coincidence is determined based on a time stamp attached to every event by a digital CFD algorithm. The algorithm is implemented in the digital signal processing board and generates a time stamp with a coincidence resolution of less than 2 ns. The data acquisition system is based on Ethernet network and is highly scalable in size and performance
IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 09/2006; · 1.45 Impact Factor
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G. Hegyesi,
J. Imrek,
G. Kalinka,
J Molnar,
D. Novak,
J. Vegh,
L Balkay,
M Emri,
A. Kis,
G. Molnar,
L. Tron,
I. Valastyan,
I. Bagamery,
T. Bukki,
S. Rozsa, Z. Szabo,
A. Kerek
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We report on the design of a small animal PET scanner being developed at our institutes. The existing setup is the first version of the miniPET machine consisting of four detector modules. Each detector module consists of an 8×8 LSO scintillator crystal block, a position sensitive photomultiplier, a digitizer and digital signal processing board and an Ethernet interface board. There is no hardware coincidence detection implemented in the system, coincidence is determined based on a time stamp attached to every event by a digital CFD algorithm. The algorithm is implemented in the digital signal processing board and it generates a time stamp with a coincidence resolution of 2 to 3 ns. The data acquisition System is based on Ethernet network and is highly scalable in size and performance.
Real Time Conference, 2005. 14th IEEE-NPSS; 07/2005
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G. Hegyesi,
J. Imrek,
G. Kalinka,
J. Molnar,
D. Novak,
J. Vegh,
L. Balkay,
M. Emri,
G. Molnar,
L. Tron,
I. Bagamery,
T. Bukki,
S. Rozsa, Z. Szabo,
A. Kerek
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We report on the design of a DAQ module for a small animal PET camera developed at our institutes. During the design an important guideline was to develop a system which is built up from strictly identical DAQ modules, and which has no built-in hardware limitation on the maximum number of modules. The developed DAQ module comprises of an LSO scintillator crystal block, a position sensitive PMT, analog signal conditioning circuits, a digitizer, an FPGA for digital signal processing and a communication module through which the collected data is sent to a cluster of computers for post processing and storage. Instead of implementing hardware coincidence detection between the modules we attach a precise time-stamp to each event in our design, and the coincidence is determined by the data collecting computers during the post processing. The digital CFD algorithm implemented in the FPGA gives a time resolution of 2 to 3 ns FWHM for real detector signals
Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2004 IEEE; 11/2004
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J. Imrek,
G. Hegyesi,
G. Kalinka,
J. Molnar,
D. Novak,
L. Balkay,
M. Emri,
G. Opposits,
S.A. Kis,
L. Tron,
T. Bukki, Z. Szabo,
A. Kerek
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ABSTRACT: We report on the architecture of the system-on- module (SoM) developed by our group for miniPET-II, the second version of our small animal PET scanner. The paper describes the hardware and software implementation details of the SoM we realized inside the miniPET-II detector module, the embedded Linux operation system, and the the initial results of bandwidth test measurements on the assembled SoM. Detailed description is given on the interfacing of the updated miniPET IP Core to the SoM, on the efficient data transfer method that implements device-to-device DMA transfer, and on the usage of User Datagram Protocol (UDP/IP) for high speed data transfer.
Nuclear Science Symposium Conference Record, 2007. NSS '07. IEEE;
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ABSTRACT: In certain rare cases of thumb aplasia or hypoplasia, pollicisation of the second finger is not recommended or impossible. It happens when the most radial fingers are hypoplastic or abnormal or when an ulnar prehension pattern has already developed. In these cases, if functional, pollicisation of the most ulnar finger in not suitable because of the ugly cosmetic result. In order to combine the functional advantages of the ulnar pollicisation with a satisfactory cosmetic appearance, the authors describe pseudo-ulnar pollicisation by supination osteotomy. This operation combines rotation of the fifth ray with the establishment of a larger web space between the two most ulnar fingers. We have used this technique in five preliminary cases with a minimum follow-up of 18 months.
Chirurgie de la Main.
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ABSTRACT: The recreational drug, (±)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘Ecstasy’), is a potent serotonin (5-HT) neurotoxin in animals. Whether humans who use MDMA incur 5-HT neural injury is unknown. The present studies utilized positron emission tomography (PET) in conjunction with the 5-HT transporter ligand, [11C]McN-5652 to assess the status of brain 5-HT neurons in human MDMA users. Like nonhuman primates treated with neurotoxic doses of MDMA, humans with a history of MDMA use showed lasting decrements in global brain [11C]McN-5652 binding, with decreases in [11C]McN-5652 binding positively correlated to the extent of previous MDMA use. These results suggest that human MDMA use results in brain 5-HT neurotoxicity.
Toxicology Letters.
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S. Chatrchyan,
G Hmayakyan,
V Khachatryan,
AM Sirunyan,
W Adam,
T Bauer,
T Bergauer,
H Bergauer,
M Dragicevic,
J. Ero, [......],
M. Baarmand,
L Baksay,
S Guragain,
M. Hohlmann,
H Mermerkaya,
R Ralich,
I Vodopiyanov,
MR Adams,
IM Anghel,
L Apanasevich
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G. L. Bayatian,
S. Chatrchyan,
G Hmayakyan,
A M Sirunyan,
W Adam,
T Bergauer,
M Dragicevic,
J. Ero,
M Friedl,
R. Fruehwirth, [......],
D Reeder,
W.H. Smith,
D. Wenman,
G. S. Atoyan,
S Dhawan,
V. Issakov,
H Neal,
A. Poblaguev,
M. E. Zeller,
B. S. Yuldashev
[show abstract]
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ABSTRACT: CMS is a general purpose experiment, designed to study the physics of pp collisions at 14 TeV at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC). It currently involves more than 2000 physicists from more than 150 institutes and 37 countries. The LHC will provide extraordinary opportunities for particle physics based on its unprecedented collision energy and luminosity when it begins operation in 2007. The principal aim of this report is to present the strategy of CMS to explore the rich physics programme offered by the LHC. This volume demonstrates the physics capability of the CMS experiment. The prime goals of CMS are to explore physics at the TeV scale and to study the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking - through the discovery of the Higgs particle or otherwise. To carry out this task, CMS must be prepared to search for new particles, such as the Higgs boson or supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model particles, from the start- up of the LHC since new physics at the TeV scale may manifest itself with modest data samples of the order of a few fb(-1) or less. The analysis tools that have been developed are applied to study in great detail and with all the methodology of performing an analysis on CMS data specific benchmark processes upon which to gauge the performance of CMS. These processes cover several Higgs boson decay channels, the production and decay of new particles such as Z' and supersymmetric particles, B-s production and processes in heavy ion collisions. The simulation of these benchmark processes includes subtle effects such as possible detector miscalibration and misalignment. Besides these benchmark processes, the physics reach of CMS is studied for a large number of signatures arising in the Standard Model and also in theories beyond the Standard Model for integrated luminosities ranging from 1 fb(-1) to 30 fb(-1). The Standard Model processes include QCD, B-physics, diffraction, detailed studies of the top quark properties, and electroweak physics topics such as the W and Z(0) boson properties. The production and decay of the Higgs particle is studied for many observable decays, and the precision with which the Higgs boson properties can be derived is determined. About ten different supersymmetry benchmark points are analysed using full simulation. The CMS discovery reach is evaluated in the SUSY parameter space covering a large variety of decay signatures. Furthermore, the discovery reach for a plethora of alternative models for new physics is explored, notably extra dimensions, new vector boson high mass states, little Higgs models, technicolour and others. Methods to discriminate between models have been investigated. This report is organized as follows. Chapter 1, the Introduction, describes the context of this document. Chapters 2-6 describe examples of full analyses, with photons, electrons, muons, jets, missing E-T, B-mesons and tau's, and for quarkonia in heavy ion collisions. Chapters 7-15 describe the physics reach for Standard Model processes, Higgs discovery and searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model.
Physics Research Publications.
