Karel Chroust

Publications (3)7.93 Total impact

• Article: Quantitative structure-activity relationships for toxicity and genotoxicity of halogenated aliphatic compounds: wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster.

  Karel Chroust, Martina Pavlová, Zbynek Prokop, Jan Mendel, Katerina Bozková, Zdenek Kubát, Veronika Zajícková, Jiri Damborský
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  ABSTRACT: Halogenated aliphatic compounds were evaluated for toxic and genotoxic effects in the somatic mutation and recombination test employing Drosophila melanogaster. The tested chemicals included chlorinated, brominated and iodinated; mono-, di- and tri-substituted; saturated and unsaturated alkanes: 1,2-dibromoethane, 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 1-iodopropane, 2,3-dichloropropene, 3-bromo-1-propene, epibromohydrin, 2-iodobutane, 3-chloro-2-methylpropene, 1,2,3-trichloropropane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dichlorobutane, 1-chloro-2-methylpropane, 1,3-dichloropropane, 1,2-dichloropropane, 2-chloroethymethylether, 1-bromo-2-methylpropane and 1-chloropentane. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea served as the positive and distilled water as the negative control. The set of chemicals for the toxicological testing was selected by the use of statistical experiment design. Group of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons were generally more toxic than saturated analogues. The genotoxic effect was observed with 14 compounds in the wing spot test, while 3 substances did not show any genotoxicity by using the wing spot test at 50% lethal concentration. The highest number of wing spots was observed in genotoxicity assay with 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,2-dibromoethane and 1-iodopropane. Nucleophilic superdelocalizability calculated by quantum mechanics appears to be a good parameter for prediction of both toxicity and genotoxicity effects of halogenated aliphatic compounds.
  Chemosphere 03/2007; 67(1):152-9. · 3.21 Impact Factor
• Article: The homozygous KCNQ1 gene mutation associated with recessive Romano-Ward syndrome.

  Tomas Novotny, Jitka Kadlecova, Jan Janousek, Renata Gaillyova, Alexandra Bittnerova, Alena Florianova, Martina Sisakova, Ondrej Toman, Karel Chroust, Ivo Papousek, Jindrich Spinar
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  ABSTRACT: In a 7-year-old boy with normal hearing suffering from repeated syncope an extremely prolonged QTc interval (up to 700 ms) was found. The mother was completely asymptomatic and the father had an intermittently borderline QTc interval (maximum 470 ms) but no symptoms. In the proband a mutation analysis of KCNQ1 gene revealed a homozygous 1893insC mutation. The parents were heterozygous for this mutation. There was no consanguineous marriage in the family. The clinical relevance of these findings is that apparently normal individuals may have a latent reduction of repolarizing currents, a "reduced repolarization reserve," because they are carriers of latent ion channel genes mutations.
  Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 10/2006; 29(9):1013-5. · 1.35 Impact Factor
• Article: Occurrence of notched T wave in healthy family members with the long QT interval syndrome.

  Tomas Novotny, Martina Sisakova, Jitka Kadlecova, Alena Florianova, Borivoj Semrad, Renata Gaillyova, Jitka Vlasinova, Karel Chroust, Ondrej Toman
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  ABSTRACT: The notched T wave is considered 1 of the diagnostic signs of long QT interval syndrome (LQTIS). The investigators report observations of notched T waves in noncarrier members of families with LQTIS and compare the exercise-induced dynamic behavior of these complex T-wave patterns in mutation carriers and noncarriers of 3 families with LQTIS.
  The American Journal of Cardiology 10/2004; 94(6):808-11. · 3.37 Impact Factor