Publications (2)7.75 Total impact
-
Article: Pharmacokinetics of ertapenem in patients with varying degrees of renal insufficiency and in patients on hemodialysis.
[show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Ertapenem is a parenteral beta-lactam carbapenem antibiotic. This open-label study examined the pharmacokinetics of single 1-g intravenous doses of ertapenem, administered over 30 minutes, in patients with mild, moderate, and advanced renal insufficiency (RI) and in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring hemodialysis. Pharmacokinetics were compared with historical controls pooled across healthy young and elderly subjects. Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero to infinity increased 7% in mild, 53% in moderate, 158% in advanced RI, and 192% in ESRD; end of infusion concentration changed minimally; half-life was 4.5 hours in the historical control group and 4.4, 6.1, 10.6, and 14.1 hours in mild RI, moderate RI, advanced RI, and ESRD, respectively. Hemodialysis cleared approximately 30% of the dose. The recommended dose in mild to moderate RI and after hemodialysis is unchanged at 1 g daily; and in advanced RI and ESRD is reduced to 0.5 g daily. If the daily dose is given 6 hours prior to hemodialysis, a supplementary 150-mg dose (30% of the daily dose) is recommended postdialysis.The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 11/2006; 46(10):1128-38. · 2.91 Impact Factor -
Article: Disposition of caspofungin: role of distribution in determining pharmacokinetics in plasma.
[show abstract] [hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The disposition of caspofungin, a parenteral antifungal drug, was investigated. Following a single, 1-h, intravenous infusion of 70 mg (200 microCi) of [(3)H]caspofungin to healthy men, plasma, urine, and feces were collected over 27 days in study A (n = 6) and plasma was collected over 26 weeks in study B (n = 7). Supportive data were obtained from a single-dose [(3)H]caspofungin tissue distribution study in rats (n = 3 animals/time point). Over 27 days in humans, 75.4% of radioactivity was recovered in urine (40.7%) and feces (34.4%). A long terminal phase (t(1/2) = 14.6 days) characterized much of the plasma drug profile of radioactivity, which remained quantifiable to 22.3 weeks. Mass balance calculations indicated that radioactivity in tissues peaked at 1.5 to 2 days at approximately 92% of the dose, and the rate of radioactivity excretion peaked at 6 to 7 days. Metabolism and excretion of caspofungin were very slow processes, and very little excretion or biotransformation occurred in the first 24 to 30 h postdose. Most of the area under the concentration-time curve of caspofungin was accounted for during this period, consistent with distribution-controlled clearance. The apparent distribution volume during this period indicated that this distribution process is uptake into tissue cells. Radioactivity was widely distributed in rats, with the highest concentrations in liver, kidney, lung, and spleen. Liver exhibited an extended uptake phase, peaking at 24 h with 35% of total dose in liver. The plasma profile of caspofungin is determined primarily by the rate of distribution of caspofungin from plasma into tissues.Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 04/2004; 48(3):815-23. · 4.84 Impact Factor
