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ABSTRACT: The Oregon Wolfe Barley mapping population is a resource for genetics research and instruction. Prior reports are based on a population of doubled haploid (DH) lines developed by the Hordeum bulbosum (H.b.) method, which samples female gametes. We developed new DH lines from the same cross using anther culture (A.C.), which samples male gametes. Linkage maps were generated in each of the two subpopulations using the same 1,328 single nucleotide polymorphism markers. The linkage maps based on DH lines derived from the products of megasporogeneis and microsporogenesis revealed minor differences in terms of estimated recombination rates. There were no differences in locus ordering. There was greater segregation distortion in the A.C.-derived subpopulation than in the H.b.-derived subpopulation, but in the region showing the greatest distortion, the cause was more likely allelic variation at the ZEO1 plant height locus rather than to DH production method. The effects of segregation distortion and pleiotropy had greater impacts on estimates of quantitative trait locus effect than population size for reproductive fitness traits assayed under greenhouse conditions. The Oregon Wolfe Barley (OWB) population and data are community resources. Seed is available from three distribution centers located in North America, Europe, and Asia. Details on ordering seed sets, as well as complete genotype and phenotype data files, are available at http://wheat.pw.usda.gov/ggpages/maps/OWB/ .
Theoretical and Applied Genetics 02/2011; 122(7):1399-410. · 3.30 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The ancestor of barley (Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum) may be a source of novel alleles for crop improvement. We developed a set of recombinant chromosome substitution lines (RCSLs) using an accession of H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum (Caesarea 26-24, from Israel) as the donor and Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare 'Harrington' (the North American malting quality standard) as the recurrent parent via two backcrosses to the recurrent parent, followed by six generations of selfing. Here we report (i) the genomic architecture of the RCSLs, as inferred by simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, and (ii) the effects of H. vulgare subsp. spontaneum genome segment introgressions in terms of three classes of phenotypes: inflorescence yield components, malting quality traits, and domestication traits. Significant differences among the RCSLs were detected for all phenotypes measured. The phenotypic effects of the introgressions were assessed using association analysis, and these were referenced to quantitative trait loci (QTL) reported in the literature. Hordeum vulgare subsp. spontaneum, despite its overall inferior phenotype, contributed some favorable alleles for agronomic and malting quality traits. In most cases, the introgression of the ancestral genome resulted in a loss of desirable phenotypes in the cultivated parent. Although disappointing from a plant breeding perspective, this finding may prove to be a useful tool for gene discovery.
Genome 01/2004; 46(6):1010-23. · 1.65 Impact Factor
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J. M. Costa, A. Corey,
P. M. Hayes,
C. Jobet,
A. Kleinhofs,
A. Kopisch-Obusch,
S. F. Kramer,
D. Kudrna,
M. Li,
O. Riera-Lizarazu,
K. Sato,
P. Szucs,
T. Toojinda,
M.I. Vales,
R. I. Wolfe
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ABSTRACT: A phenotypically polymorphic barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mapping population was developed using morphological marker stocks as parents. Ninety-four doubled-haploid lines were
derived for genetic mapping from an F1 using the Hordeum bulbosum system. A linkage map was constructed using 12 morphological markers, 87 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP),
five random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), one sequence-tagged site (STS), one intron fragment length polymorphism (IFLP),
33 simple sequence repeat (SSR), and 586 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The genetic map spanned 1,387
cM with an average density of one marker every 1.9 cM. AFLP markers tended to cluster on centromeric regions and were more
abundant on chromosome 1 (7H). RAPD markers showed a high level of segregation distortion, 54% compared with the 26% observed
for AFLP markers, 27% for SSR markers, and 18% for RFLP markers. Three major regions of segregation distortion, based on RFLP
and morphological markers, were located on chromosomes 2 (2H), 3 (3H), and 7 (5H). Segregation distortion may indicate that
preferential gametic selection occurred during the development of the doubled-haploid lines. This may be due to the extreme
phenotypes determined by alleles at morphological trait loci of the dominant and recessive parental stocks. Several molecular
markers were found to be closely linked to morphological loci. The linkage map reported herein will be useful in integrating
data on quantitative traits with morphological variants and should aid in map-based cloning of genes controlling morphological
traits.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics 07/2001; 103(2):415-424. · 3.30 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Two genes conferring resistance to the barley stripe rust found in Mexico and South America, previously identified as race 24, were mapped to the M arms of barley chromosomes 7 and 4 in a doubled haploid population using molecular markers and the quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping approach. The resistance gene on chromosome 7 had a major effect, accounting for 57% of the variation in disease severity. The resistance gene on chromosome 4 had a minor effect, accounting for 10% of the variation in trait expression. Two pairs of restriction fragment length polymorphism markers are being used to introgress the resistance genes to North American spring barley using molecular marker-assisted backcrossing.
Theoretical and Applied Genetics 04/1994; 88(2):215-219. · 3.30 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Grain β-glucan content is the most important attribute for barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) varieties destined for the human food market. This trait is important because of the blood glucose and cholesterol-reducing properties of β-glucans. High levels of grain protein content, test weight, and seed size and endosperm color may also add value. Seed yield potential, in part, determines the economic feasibility of producing human food varieties. To determine the potential of food barley production in the dryland production areas of the Pacific Northwest of the United States, 33 cultivars and advanced lines reported to vary in β-glucan content were grown in 2006 and 2007 at two locations in northeastern Oregon under dryland cropping conditions. Seed yield, test weight, percentage of plump kernels, grain β-glucan, and grain protein were measured on replicated samples from the four environments, allowing for assessment of average performance as well as genotype x environment interaction. Estimates of variance components showed that 66% of the variability in β-glucan content was attributable to genotype. Cultivars and lines with waxy starch had an average β-glucan value of 55 g kg-1 compared with 35 g kg-1 for cultivars and lines with nonwaxy starch. We found significant two- and three-way interactions, but these accounted for much less of the total variation in the measured phenotypes than the main effects of variety, year, and location. Hulless accessions produced an average of 3580 kg grain ha-1 compared with 4260 kg grain ha-1 for the hulled accessions. Hulled, waxy-starch varieties appear to have the greatest agronomic potential for dryland production, as they combine high yield potential and grain β-glucan percentage.
