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ABSTRACT: Our previous study showed that pair housing with a familiar male prevented an increase in anxiety caused by social defeat in male rats. The present study attempted to identify the aspects of social interactions with a familiar male that are needed for the emergence of such a pair-housing effect. In Experiment 1, the subject was repeatedly exposed to the cage and bedding used by a familiar pairmate, after two instances of social defeat. Mere exposure to the soiled cage and bedding did not prevent an increase in anxiety in the elevated plus-maze test performed two weeks after social defeat. In Experiment 2, the subject was separated from a familiar pairmate with a wire mesh partition, which allowed visual, auditory, and limited physical contact, in addition to olfactory contact with the pairmate. The separation with a wire mesh partition abolished the buffering effect of pair housing on anxiety. These results indicate that visual, auditory, and olfactory contact with a familiar male was not sufficient in reducing the anxiogenic effect of social defeat in male rats. It was suggested that full physical contact is necessary for the emergence of the buffering effect of pair housing on social stress.
Behavioural processes 02/2011; 86(2):230-5. · 1.53 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The present study investigated the effects of variations in maternal behavior on the development of maternal behavior of female offspring in BALB/c and CBA/Ca inbred mice. In Experiment 1, we conducted fostering within or between the two strains and observed the maternal behaviors of mothers and female offspring for 2 weeks postpartum. Although fostering changed the maternal behavior of mothers in both strains, CBA mothers generally showed greater frequency of nursing posture and pup licking than BALB mothers. BALB female offspring reared by CBA mothers showed more body licking than those reared by BALB mothers, whereas fostering did not affect the maternal behavior of CBA female offspring. In Experiment 2, we examined the maternal behavior of females of F1 hybrids derived from reciprocal crosses between the two strains to confirm the maternal effect demonstrated in Experiment 1. Female F1 hybrids from CBA mothers showed more arched-back nursing, body licking, and nest building than those from BALB mothers. These results suggested that maternal care affect the development of maternal behavior in inbred mice, though the contributions of genetic and prenatal factors cannot be ignored.
Developmental Psychobiology 05/2009; 51(4):345-57. · 2.98 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: In the present study, we compared the maternal and non-maternal behaviors of primiparous females in both the light and dark phases during 3 weeks postpartum in five inbred strains of mice (BALB/c, CBA/Ca, C3H/He, C57BL/6, and DBA/2) to examine the strain differences in the behaviors in detail. Generally, nursing postures (arched-back, blanket, and supine) and pup lickings (anogenital and body) occurred more frequently in the light phase, whereas nest building occurred more frequently in the dark phase. As pups grew, arched-back and blanket nursing, anogenital and body licking, and nest building decreased, but supine nursing slightly increased. The present results revealed strain-specific variations in maternal behavior. In general, BALB did not engage in maternal behavior very vigorously, but the other four strains actively did. The patterns of strain differences were not parallel between the subcomponents of nursing posture or pup licking. CBA showed more arched-back and supine nursing, and DBA showed more blanket nursing. C57 and CBA showed more anogenital licking, while C3H and DBA showed more body licking. Strain differences were also found for the changes across postpartum days in almost all behaviors. These findings provide information to examine the effects of genetic and environmental factors on the development of maternal behavior in mice.
Physiology & Behavior 11/2006; 89(3):320-8. · 2.87 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: The open-field test is a commonly used apparatus in many behavioral studies. However, in most studies, temporal changes of details of behavior have been ignored. We thus examined open-field behavior as measured by both conventional indices and 12 ethograms supported by detailed temporal observation. To obtain a broader understanding, we used genetically diverse mouse strains: 10 wild-derived mouse strains (PGN2, BFM/2, HMI, CAST/Ei, NJL, BLG2, CHD, SWN, KJR, MSM), one strain derived from the so-called fancy mouse (JFI), and one standard laboratory strain, C57BL/6. Conventional measurements revealed a variety of relationships: some strains did not show the hypothesized association between high ambulation, longer stay in the central area, and low defecation. Our ethological approach revealed that some behaviors, such as freezing and jumping, were not observed in C57BL/6 but were seen in some wild-derived strains. Principal component analysis which included temporal information indicated that these strains had varied temporal patterns of habituation to novelty.
Behavior Genetics 10/2006; 36(5):763-74. · 2.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: It is known that rats tend to eat a smaller/lighter piece of food at the food source but carry a larger/heavier one to the nest for consumption. This could be interpreted well in terms of the trade-off or motivational conflict between "feeding" and "risk avoidance", because eating food immediately satisfies feeding motivation while carrying food has an advantage to avoid predatory risk by keeping time spent outside the nest shorter. In the present study, influences of incentive factors of feeding motivation on food-carrying behavior were evaluated using three different kinds of food that were identical in weight. There was no significant difference in food-carrying tendency among the three kinds of food, though a significant preference was indicated among the food. The results suggest that food-carrying behavior is not influenced by food types.
Behavioural Processes 10/2005; 70(2):182-5. · 1.65 Impact Factor
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David A Blizard,
Yumiko Wada,
Yasuhiro Onuki, Katsunori Kato,
Toshiyuki Mori,
Tohru Taniuchi,
Hiroshi Hosokawa,
Takayuki Otobe,
Aki Takahashi,
Hayase Shisa,
Hiroshi Hiai,
Junshiro Makino
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ABSTRACT: The present paper evaluates the inclusion of a standard strain or outbred stock in multi-strain behavioral phenotyping protocols to perform the same role as the external standard in biochemical assay procedures. As potential standards, the F344 inbred strain and an outbred stock of Long Evans were tested with three other inbred strains. To evaluate the influence of rearing conditions on phenotype stability, one group of F344s was born at the University of Tsukuba, another, bred elsewhere and delivered to Tsukuba at 4 weeks of age. All animals were tested in open-field (OF), runway emergence (RE) and digging tests as adults. The results showed no influence of breeding or transportation history on OF and RE behavior of the two F344 groups, while there was evidence that digging behavior may be affected by the different rearing experience. The inclusion of a 'standard strain or stock' in phenotyping protocols involving multiple inbred strains or lines of rats, mice and flies has obvious advantages by providing a reference point for inter-laboratory comparisons. The properties of inbred strains and outbred stocks favorable to their use as standards are discussed.
Behavior Genetics 06/2005; 35(3):323-32. · 2.52 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Observed behavior of inbred mouse strains BALB, C3H, DBA, and C57BL in an open field for 10 min by a multi-event time sampling method. Data from 10 male mice of each strain were coded into 9 behavioral items, the occurrence or absence of which in consecutive 5-sec time bins was called a behavioral state. 14 states described the behavior of all strains. Sniffing was the most common behavioral item. Immediately after introduction into the open field, mice showed a more or less strong stretching tendency, which was replaced by behaviors like locomotion, rearing, and leaning against a wall. The change occurred quite soon in C57BL as well as in DBA strains, later in the C3H strain, and rarely in the BALB strain. It is suggested that the observed stretching tendency is the behavioral expression of emotional arousal evoked on introduction into a novel situation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2012 APA, all rights reserved)
Japanese Psychological Research 10/1991; · 0.33 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although it has been reported that C57BL/6 mice show better performance in shuttle-avoidance training than C3H/He mice, this study reports that the changes in general behavior during a training session were very similar for ... http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=566714&tocid=100033612&page=7-20
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磯部,
加藤,
克紀,
牧野,
順四郎,
Satoshi Isobe, Katsunori Kato,
Junshiro Makino,
イソベ,
サトシ,
カトウ,
カツノリ,
マキノ,
ジュンシロウ
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ABSTRACT: The pre-fighting behavior was analyzed for pairs of ICR mice that had been socially isolated for 6-7 weeks after weaning. Two of the 11 pair did not display any fighting behavior during a ... http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=436511&tocid=100026461&page=1-9
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ABSTRACT: 従来、母子関係の研究では子どもに焦点が当てられ、子どもの発達に対する環境要因としての母親の役割が注目されてきた。しかし、近年で虐待や育児放棄などに見られる母親の精神病理や女性の社会進出に伴う育児形態の変化が ... Pregnancy rats, weaning rats, litter sizes, sex ratios of pups, and body weights at weaning for seven inbred strains of mice (A/HeJ, AKR/J, BALB/c, CBA/Ca, C57BL/6J, C3H/He, ... http://www.tulips.tsukuba.ac.jp/mylimedio/dl/page.do?issueid=693355&tocid=100046285&page=1-5
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