-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A 62-year-old Japanese male developed acneiform papules on the face in November of 2002. The eruptions progressed to exudative erythema with central necrosis, and then to thick-crusted superficial abscesses in a short period. The shallow ulcers exposed by removal of the crusts and abscesses immediately re-epithelized without leaving scars. The histology of the eruption was a dense infiltration of neutrophils associated with granulomatous changes in the upper to middle dermis. Histology of the tiny white particles in the abscess showed an irregularly proliferated mass of keratinocytes including accumulated neutrophils. The skin lesions resisted intravenous injection of antibiotics but responded to systemic administration of a corticosteroid agent. Colchicine did not work well, but the additional administration of etretinate was effective. The patient is currently receiving combined therapy with prednisolone and etretinate, but eruptions are still episodically observed. We diagnosed this case as an unusual male case of rosacea fulminans.
The Journal of Dermatology 04/2005; 32(3):189-92. · 1.49 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To detail the histogenetic relationship between basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and hair follicles, a monoclonal antibody, coded as MMKB-1 and established from immunization of mice by human basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tissues, was immunohistochemically studied in tissues of BCC and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin, as well as in normal human skin tissues. On 1M-NaCl-split normal human skin tissues, it reacted against both the epidermal and the dermal sides of the basement membrane zone (BMZ). This monoclonal antibody reacted to the BMZ and intercellular space (ICS) of the solid, superficial, and fibrosing types of BCC cell nests, but, in SCC tumor cell nests, it reacted exclusively to the BMZ. Immunoelectron microscopic studies revealed that the corresponding antigen of the monoclonal antibody was distributed in the hemidesmosomes and the anchoring fibrils along the BMZ of the normal human skin and the desmosomes of the BCC cell nest. The monoclonal antibody also reacted to the ICS of the lower outer root sheath and hair matrix. We discussed the histogenesis of BCC and hair follicles, referring to the results of the staining patterns of MMKB-1 monoclonal antibody and to other studies suggesting a histogenetic relationship between BCC and hair follicles.
The Journal of Dermatology 12/2002; 29(11):718-25. · 1.49 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A 59-year-old woman with multiple myeloma at stage IA exhibited recurrent pyoderma gangrenosum of 13 years’ duration. She also had a history of mitral regurgitation and cerebral infarction, but no significant family history was present. In September 1994, she noted a painful erythematous papule on her left foot, which was treated with a topical injection of triamcinolone. It responded well to this treatment at the time, but a similar eruption developed in the same place in February 1995, and enlarged to form an irregularly shaped, punched-out ulcer with surrounding infiltrative erythema despite topical treatment ( Fig. 1). Further, since November 1994, she had noted pain in the right dorsal foot.Figure 1. Necrotic ulcer with an elevated purulent border and pustules on the left footDownload figure to PowerPointThe laboratory findings showed an elevated concentration of immunoglobulin A (IgA) (607 mg/dL) in the serum and the presence of Bence-Jones protein in the urine. The following examinations revealed normal or negative values: full blood cell count, rheumatoid factor, complement components, cryoglobulin, Treponema pallidum hemagglutination (TPHA), stool test, and chest radiography. The histology of a biopsy specimen from the elevated border of the lesion showed predominant neutrophilic infiltrates in the upper dermis and a diagnosis of recurrent pyoderma gangrenosum was made. Treatment with salazosulfapyridine (2 mg/day) was started. Two weeks of therapy resulted in a poor response, and so systemic administration of prednisone (30 mg/day) was started. As the bacterial culture examination revealed Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth from the surface exudate of the ulcer and a tuberculin test was strongly positive, rifampicin (RFP) and isoniazid (INH) were added. In spite of these therapies, fever increased, the C-reactive protein (CRP) level and white blood cell (WBC) count became elevated, and bilateral multiple shadows were detected on chest roentgenography. Although ethambutol hydrochloride (EB) was added, the laboratory findings remained and the symptoms did not sufficiently respond. Furthermore, she noted a painful, erythematous and edematous swelling on the dorsum of her right foot ( Fig. 2), where an aspiration test disclosed caseous material in the pus. M. tuberculosis was also positively cultured from the pus. Foot roentgenography showed narrowed joint spaces and destruction of the cuneiform bones, suggesting bone and joint tuberculosis. An additional biopsy specimen from the ulcer of the left foot showed a granulomatous infiltration surrounded by multinucleate giant cells ( Fig. 3), and cutaneous tuberculosis was confirmed by a niacin test; polymerase chain reaction was positive. After administration of RFP 0.45 g/day, INH 0.3 g/day, and EB 0.75 g/day for 15 months, the lung shadow disappeared, the ulcer on the left foot was epithelialized, and the swelling on the right foot with a pus-discharging fistula also disappeared.Figure 2. Dorsal aspect of the right foot with erythema, swelling, and painDownload figure to PowerPointFigure 3. Biopsy of the ulcer showing lymphocyte infiltration with plasma cells and multinucleate giant cellsDownload figure to PowerPoint
International journal of dermatology 12/2001; 39(1):38 - 40. · 1.18 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Some three-dimensional culture models of the skin were reviewed including our systems using a collagen dermal substitute and a matrix dermal substitute. No obvious junctional structures, such as hemidesmosomes and the lamina densa, were formed between the basal keratinocytes and the dermal substitutes, when the cytoplasmic membrane of the basal keratinocytes directly faced the collagenous materials. On the other hand, when the cytoplasmic membrane of the basal keratinocytes faced the preformed basement membrane, the type IV collagen film, or the extracellular matrix gel, an organized interaction occurred between the basal keratinocytes and the dermal substitute through hemidesmosomes and a rudimentary lamina densa. Keratinocyte differentiation in the suprabasal layers seemed to be closely related to such a basal cell differentiation. Our preliminary examination of the experimental amyloid production by the epidermal sheet from the lesional skin of patients with primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis suggested that the basal cells in the transplanted lesional epidermis produced amyloid fibrils in our in vitro culture model. This is another use of the three-dimensional culture models of the skin in addition to the application of the systems to wound treatment. Microsc. Res. Tech. 38:387–393, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Microscopy Research and Technique 12/1998; 38(4):387 - 393. · 1.79 Impact Factor
-
Archives for Dermatological Research 04/1998; 290(4):223-225. · 2.28 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The Ca2+-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecules, termed cadherins, are subdivided into several subclasses. E (epithelial)- and P (placental)-cadherins are involved in the selective adhesion of epidermal cells.E-cadherin is expressed on the cell surfaces of all epidermal layers and P-cadherin is expressed only on the surfaces of basal cells. Ultrastructural studies have shown that E-cadherin is distributed on the plasma membranes of keratinocytes with a condensation in the intercellular space of the desmosomes. During human skin development P-cadherin expression is spatiotemporally controlled and closely related to the segregation of basal layers as well as to the arrangement of epidermal cells into eccrine ducts. In human skin diseases E-cadherin expression is markedly reduced on the acantholytic cells of tissues in pemphigus and Darier's disease.Cell adhesion molecules are now considered to play a significant role in the cellular connections of cancer and metastatic cells. Reduced expression of E-cadherin on invasive neoplastic cells has been demonstrated for cancers of the stomach, liver, breast, and several other organs. This reduced or unstable expression of E- and P-cadherin is observed in squamous cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma, and Paget's disease, but cadherin expression is conserved in basal cell carcinoma.Keratinocytes cultured in high calcium produce much more intense immunofluorescence of intercellular E- and P-cadherin than those cells grown in low calcium. E-cadherins on the plasma membrane of the keratinocytes are shifted to desmosomes under physiological conditions, and therein may express an adhesion function in association with other desmosomal cadherins.Soluble E-cadherins in sera are elevated in various skin diseases including bullous pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, and psoriasis, but not in patients with burns. Markedly high levels in soluble E-cadherin are demonstrated in patients with metastatic cancers. Microsc. Res. Tech. 38:343–352, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Microscopy Research and Technique 08/1997; 38(4):343 - 352. · 1.79 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Abstract—In vitro gransulomas ar induced by culturing murine spleen cells with artificial microparticles, dextran beads. In the presence of 0.5 μg/mL 8-methoxypsorlen, UVA radiation (0.2-2.0 J/cm2 suppressed granuloma formatin in a UVA dose- dependent manner. The dose of PUVA did not affect the cell viability as assessed by trypan blue exclusion. The time course of granuloma formation in 0.5 J/cm2 PUVA-treated cells was similar to that of normal spleen cells, with a miximum granuloma index at day 3 of culture, althought a49–63% suppression of granuloma formation was observed in PUVA-treated, adherent cells even when they were cultured with normal nonadherent cells. These data suggests that PUVA alters macrophages, resulting in the suppression of granuloma formation in vitro
Photochemistry and Photobiology 03/1993; 57(4):667 - 669. · 2.41 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The regional development of Langerhans cells (LC) and the formation of Birbeck granules (BG) were examined in human embryonic and fetal skin. Samples were obtained from multiple anatomic sites and stained with anti-CD36, anti-CD 1a, and anti-HLA-DR antibody as well as Lag antibody specifically reactive to BG and some vacuoles of human LC. In the first trimester, CD36+ dendritic epidermal cells were identified before the appearance of CD 1a+ cells and Lag+ cells. Some of the former co-expressed HLA-DR antigens but not CD 1a antigens. In the second trimester, regional variations in LC development were observed. Epidermal LC of palms and soles reached a peak in number in the first trimester but were rarely detected after 18 weeks estimated gestation age (EGA), whereas, in other regions, their number increased with age. In the second trimester, CD1a+ cells and Lag+ cells were also identified in the epidermis, although Lag+ cells appeared later than CD1a+ cells. The Lag+ cells until 17 weeks EGA showed a variety of staining intensities and immunoelectron microscopy revealed that they contained various amounts of Lag-reactive BG. Flow cytometric analysis showed that relative amounts of Lag antigens in LC increased during the second trimester and that fetal LC of 18 weeks EGA expressed the same amounts of HLA-DR, CD1a, and Lag antigens as did adult human LC. In the dermis, in the second trimester, numerous CD36+ cells and HLA-DR+ cells were found, whereas CD1a+ cells and Lag+ cells were rarely detected. Taken together, it is suggested that HLA-DR+ dendritic cells acquire CD1a+ antigens first and then form BG after migration to the epidermis and that fetal LC are pheno-typically mature in the second trimester.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 06/1991; 97(1):65-72. · 6.31 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: 2 patients with leg ulcers got worst after the application of a compound mixture of sugar and povidone-iodine (sugar/PI compound), Because they had been suffering from stasis dermatitis, symptoms of contact dermatitis were ambiguous. Patch tests showed positive reactions to 10% povidone-iodine in water and 5% potassium iodide in water, with no response to sugar. They were also tested with sugar/PI compound, containing 3% povidone-iodine, resulting in another positive reaction. They improved after the application of sugar/PI compound was discontinued. Contact dermatitis from topical agents should be considered as more probable than angry back syndrome in cases of leg ulcer.
Contact Dermatitis 02/1988; 18(3):155 - 157. · 3.51 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: We prepared a mouse monoclonal antibody that reacts specifically to human Langerhans cells (LC). The protein recognized by this antibody was mainly in the membranes of Birbeck granules and related structures. Using this antibody, we could identify LC in various tissues; these cells were in the skin, stratified squamous mucosal epithelia, lymph nodes, and the thymus. The antibody did not react with monocytes, tissue macrophages, lymphoid dendritic cells, follicular dendritic cells, or interdigitating cells. The antigen purified with this antibody was a heterogeneously glycosylated protein of Mr approximately 40,000 without interchain disulfide bonds. This antibody may be useful for identifying LC in various human tissues with or without abnormalities, and for studying the origin and fate of Birbeck granules of LC.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 12/1986; · 6.31 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: The biochemical properties and immunohistochemical localization of calpain, a Ca + + -dependent, intracellular, non-lysosomal cysteinc proteinase was examined in human skin. Human epidermal calpain I was fractionated on a DEAE- cellulose column and was found to be half-maximally activated at 3.5 M free Ca+ + and fully activated at 10 M Ca + + as measured by casein hydrolysis. Immunoelectrophoretic blotting of calpain revealed only a single band of Mr 83,000, when the blot was made with affinity-purified anti-calpain I heavy subunit IgG. lmmunohistochemical staining of normal human epidermis showed that calpain I was localized in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes in the mid to upper epidermis but not in the basal cells. In untreated psoriatic epidermis, the deposition of this proteinase was visualized weakly just beneath the stratum corneum. However, remarkable staining was observed after photochemotherapy of topical psoralen plus long-wave UV irradiation. Whether the photochemotherapy induced a quantitative increase in the amount of calpain or merely made calpain more stainable by altering the membrane remains unknown.
Journal of Investigative Dermatology 03/1986; 86(4):346-349. · 6.31 Impact Factor
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Histamine metabolism, i.e., concentration of histamine and activities of histamine-degrading enzymes, histamine-N-methyltransferase (HMT), and diamine oxidase (DAO), were examined in the Arthus reaction induced in guinea pig skin. The specific activity of HMT was 44.12 ± 3.80 pmole/min/mg protein and was about 15 times greater than that of DAO in control specimens. However, HMT activity decreased time dependently to 35% of the control at 3 hr and to 10% 48 hr after the initiation of the reaction. DAO activity increased to 150% till 1 hr followed by a linear decrease to 35% at 6 hr and to 10% at 48 hr. Histamine concentration showed a prominent linear decrease to 15% of the control at 2 hr followed by an increase to about 85% at 6 hr. This biphasic change seemed to be well explained by the dynamic changes in the activities of histamine-degrading enzymes. Such decrease in enzyme activities were not observed in other experimentally induced inflammations including dinitrochlorobenzene allergic and croton oil dermatitis. The addition of tissue extract from the Arthus reaction sites resulted in about 30% inhibition in both of two enzyme activities, suggesting the presence of some inhibitory factor(s) in the reaction sites.
Experimental and Molecular Pathology 03/1986; · 2.42 Impact Factor
-
-
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Biopsy specimens of chronic lesions and ultraviolet-induced lesions from actinic reticuloid patients were examined by immuno-peroxidase techniques and compared with those of allergic contact dermatitis skin, one of the delayed-type hypersensitivity conditions. Each lesion of actinic reticuloid showed a clear predominance of suppressor/cytotoxic T cells to helper/inducer T cells and an increase of Langerhans cells in the epidermis and the dermis. These findings are generally similar to those in the late phase (on day 7 and 11) but not in the early phase (on day 2) of allergic contact dermatitis and suggest that delayed-type hypersensitivity might be involved in some parts of the pathogenesis of actinic reticuloid. CD36+DR+ epidermal cells were also observed in ultraviolet-induced lesions from actinic reticuloid patients, suggesting a possible role in the modulation of the mechanism.
Journal of Dermatological Science.
-
-
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: To elucidate the involvement of human γδ T cell receptor (TcR)+ cells in mycobacterial infection, we examined the kinetics of these cells in skin lesions of human lepromin reaction. The majority of CD3+ cells two days after induction of the lepromin reaction were αβ TcR+, while γδ TcR+ cells accounted for only 4.4±1.4% of the CD3+ cells. On day 21, the incidence of γδ TcR+ cells was greater (16.0±2.1%), although αβ TcR+ cells remained the predominant population. These kinetics of αβ TcR+ cells and γδ TcR+ cells contradict the ‘early response, self-surveillance’ hypothesis for γδ TcR+ cells in mice. Most of the γδ TcR+ cells in this study of the lepromin reaction were Vδ1− Vδ2+ Vδ9+, and some of them proliferated in the skin lesions, suggesting that γδ TcR+ cells in the lesions may respond to mycobacterial antigens and may play an active part in the lepromin reaction. However, these γδ TcR+ cells were not correlated with granuloma formation, the size of necrotic areas, mycobacterial content, or the incidence of CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells.
Immunology Letters.
-
-
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: • Background.—
Amyloidosis cutis dyschromica, a special type of primary cutaneous amyloidosis, is assumed to be a congenital disorder and sun exposure is thought to be the major causal factor. Herein we report a case of this rare disease and DNA repair characteristics of UV damages in the fibroblasts derived from the patient.
Archives of Dermatology 128(7):966-970. · 3.89 Impact Factor
