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P. Vettiger,
T. Albrecht,
M. Despont,
U. Drechsler,
U. Durig,
B. Gotsmann,
D. Jubin,
W. Haberle,
M.A. Lantz,
H. Rothuizen,
R. Stutz,
D. Wiesmann,
G.K. Binnig,
P. Bachtold,
G. Cherubini,
C. Hagleitner, T. Loeliger,
A. Pantazi,
H. Pozidis,
E. Eleftheriou
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Ultrahigh storage densities of up to 1 Tb/in.<sup>2</sup> or more can be achieved by using local-probe techniques to write, read back, and erase data in very thin polymer films. The thermomechanical scanning-probe-based data-storage concept, internally dubbed "millipede", combines ultrahigh density, small form factor, and high data rates. High data rates are achieved by parallel operation of large 2D arrays with thousands micro/nanomechanical cantilevers/tips that can be batch-fabricated by silicon surface-micromachining techniques. The inherent parallelism, the ultrahigh areal densities and the small form factor may open up new perspectives and opportunities for application in areas beyond those envisaged today.
Electron Devices Meeting, 2003. IEDM '03 Technical Digest. IEEE International; 01/2004
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: A scalable CMOS sensing architecture for highly parallel readback of signals from large two-dimensional local probe arrays for AFM(atomic force microscope)-based data storage is presented. The main challenge to the detection scheme comes from the fact that information signals are superimposed on carrier signals that are more than three orders of magnitude higher. In addition, local memories are needed because of carrier variations, and parallel operation requires local data conversion. Therefore, analog-to-digital conversion of the probe signals is performed locally in a two-dimensional scheme fitting the probe array. A scalable prototype array fabricated in a 0.35 µm CMOS technology demonstrates the required functionality and performance for future large arrays of 32 × 32 or more AFM cantilevers.
Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2002. ESSCIRC 2002. Proceedings of the 28th European; 10/2002
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G. Cherubini,
T. Antonakopoulos,
P. Bachtold,
G.K. Binnig,
M. Despont,
U. Drechsler,
A. Dholakia,
U. Durig,
E. Eleftheriou,
B. Gotsmann,
W. Haberle,
M.A. Lantz, T. Loeliger,
H. Pozidis,
H.E. Rothuizen,
R. Stutz,
P. Vettiger
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Ultrahigh storage densities of up to 1 Tbit/in<sup>2</sup>. can be achieved by local-probe techniques to write, read back, and erase data in very thin polymer films. The thermo-mechanical scanning-probe-based data-storage concept called Millipede combines ultrahigh density, terabit capacity, small form factor, and high data rate. After illustrating the principles of operation of the Millipede, we introduce a channel model for the analysis of the read back process, and compare analytical results with experimental data.
Solid-State Circuits Conference, 2002. ESSCIRC 2002. Proceedings of the 28th European; 10/2002
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: In this paper a new analog-to-digital converter (ADC) architecture
for the conversion of currents down to the subpicoampere range is
presented. A single transistor stage is used to integrate and amplify
the input current resulting in simple and area-effective designs.
Although the transfer function of the transistor is not linear, inherent
linearity of the conversion is achieved by a constant transistor voltage
swing and correlated double sampling. The circuit is well suited for
highly integrated sensor systems due to its full compatibility with
digital CMOS technology and low area requirements. The current-mode
design allows low-voltage operation and results in wide dynamic range
(140 dB with superimposed bias current) depending only on timing
requirements
Advanced A/D and D/A Conversion Techniques and Their Applications, 1999. Third International Conference on (Conf. Publ. No. 466); 02/1999
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Various cascode circuits are investigated with regard to their
suitability for switched current copier applications. Generalized
circuit representations are introduced and different cascode circuits
are compared and discussed. A method called “reference voltage and
current tracking” for dynamic output range improvement is
proposed. An improved regulated cascode circuit with extended dynamic
output range is presented. The use of cascode circuits in switched
current copiers and the dynamic output ranges of these circuits are
discussed and the corresponding saturation operating areas are compared
Circuits and Systems, 1997. Proceedings of the 40th Midwest Symposium on; 09/1997
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[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Different cascode circuits are investigated with regard to their
suitability for low-voltage and low-current circuits. A generalized
circuit representation is introduced and different cascode circuits are
discussed with respect to their small-signal parameters as well as their
associated dynamic output ranges. The output voltage ranges for
saturation operation of the different cascode circuits are derived and
the saturation operating areas are compared. A method called reference
voltage and current tracking for dynamic output range improvement of
cascode circuits with reference voltage or current is described. An
improved regulated cascode circuit with extended dynamic output range
using input tracking and level shifting technique is proposed
Electronics, Circuits, and Systems, 1996. ICECS '96., Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on; 11/1996
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E. Eleftheriou,
P. Bächtold,
G. Cherubini,
A. Dholakia,
C. Hagleitner, T. Loeliger,
A. Pantazi,
H. Pozidis,
T. R. Albrecht,
G. K. Binnig, [......],
U. Drechsler,
U. Dürig,
B. Gotsmann,
D. Jubin,
W. Häberle,
M. A. Lantz,
H. Rothuizen,
R. Stutz,
P. Vettiger,
D. Wiesmann
[show abstract]
[hide abstract]
ABSTRACT: Ultrahigh storage densities of up to 1 Tb/in2. or more can be achieved by using local-probe techniques to write, read back, and erase data in very thin polymer films. The thermomechanical scanning-probe-based data-storage concept, internally dubbed "millipede", combines ultrahigh density, small form factor, and high data rates. High data rates are achieved by parallel operation of large 2D arrays with thousands micro/nanomechanical cantilevers/tips that can be batch-fabricated by silicon surface-micromachining techniques. The inherent parallelism, the ultrahigh areal densities and the small form factor may open up new perspectives and opportunities for application in areas beyond those envisaged today.
