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ABSTRACT: PURPOSE: The aim was to provide anatomical data for local blocking treatment of de Quervain's disease through investigating features and classification of the first extensor groove on the radial styloid process. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty-four specimens of the intact distal extremity of dry radii from Chinese corpses were investigated and measured systematically in this study. Morphological features of the extensor grooves on the radial styloid process were observed by visual inspection. Correlation parameters of variability were measured with a vernier caliper. RESULTS: The study showed that the most prevalent group was Type I (the extensor groove that was deep and divided into two sub-grooves by a tiny bony ridge) accounting for 63.73 % (181 specimens). Seventy-nine specimens belonged to Type II (the extensor groove without the tiny bony ridge) accounting for 27.82 % and 24 specimens belonged to Type III (almost without any extensor groove on the radius) accounting for 8.45 %. The distance between the processus of the palmar bony ridge and the processus of the dorsal bony ridge (defined as AC) was 11.55 ± 1.32 mm. The distance between the processus of the palmar bony ridge and the sharp point of the styloid process of the radius (defined as AB) was 17.09 ± 1.99 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The extensor groove could provide a subjective safe operation range for the steroid injections, which could be defined depending on the bony landmarks, which are easy to identify in the body surface. This anatomical variation is important in the management of de Quervain's disease.
Anatomia Clinica 06/2012; · 0.93 Impact Factor
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Hua-Jun Wang,
Hugo Giambini,
Wen-Jun Zhang,
Gan-Hu Ye,
Chunfeng Zhao,
Kai-Nan An, Yi-Kai Li,
Wen-Rui Lan,
Jian-You Li,
Xue-Sheng Jiang,
Qiu-Lan Zou,
Xiao-Ying Zhang,
Chao Chen
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ABSTRACT: Abnormal posture and spinal mobility have been demonstrated to cause functional impairment in the quality of life, especially in the postmenopausal osteoporotic population. Most of the literature studies focus on either thoracic kyphosis or lumbar lordosis, but not on the change of the entire spinal alignment. Very few articles reported the spinal alignment of Chinese people. The purpose of this study was threefold: to classify the spinal curvature based on the classification system defined by Satoh consisting of the entire spine alignment; to identify the change of trunk mobility; and to relate spinal curvature to balance disorder in a Chinese population.
450 osteoporotic volunteers were recruited for this study. Spinal range of motion and global curvature were evaluated noninvasively using the Spinal-Mouse® system and sagittal postural deformities were characterized.
We found a new spine postural alignment consisting of an increased thoracic kyphosis and decreased lumbar lordosis which we classified as our modified round back. We did not find any of Satoh's type 5 classification in our population. Type 2 sagittal alignment was the most common spinal deformity (38.44%). In standing, thoracic kyphosis angles in types 2 (58.34°) and 3 (58.03°) were the largest and lumbar lordosis angles in types 4 (13.95°) and 5 (-8.61°) were the smallest. The range of flexion (ROF) and range of flexion-extension (ROFE) of types 2 and 3 were usually greater than types 4 and 5, with type 1 being the largest.
The present study classified and compared for the first time the mobility, curvature and balance in a Chinese population based on the entire spine alignment and found types 4 and 5 to present the worst balance and mobility. This study included a new spine postural alignment classification that should be considered in future population studies.
PLoS ONE 01/2012; 7(6):e38560. · 4.09 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although several morphological variations and classification of the suprascapular notch (SSN) were reported in western populations, little attention has been paid to this anatomic issue in the Chinese population. In this research of SSN morphology in Chinese people, 295 specimens of intact dry Chinese adult scapulas were investigated and measured thoroughly and systematically. Morphological features of SSN variations were observed by visual inspection, and correlation parameters of variability and classification were measured in digital images with image processing software and bones with a vernier caliper, respectively. The incidence of different subtypes of SSN classification and comparative analysis of correlation parameters were calculated. It was interesting that a new variable morphology of SSN with a double suprascapular foramen had been found. We found the most prevalent groups were Type II (an incisura that was longer in its transverse diameter) and Type III (an incisura that was longer in its vertical diameter) which accounted for 58.16 and 28.23%, respectively. The circumference and area of Type II and Type III was larger than those of Type IV. The thickness of 1 mm below the lowest point of the SSN ranges from 0.55 to 3.00 mm. Eight cases with a narrow groove on the lowest point of SSN and four cases with bony canals formed by the ossified superior transverse scapular ligament were found. Further, the distance between the SSN and bony landmarks were varied. For AD (the distance between the lowest point of the SSN and the supraglenoid tubercle), Type I was largest, followed by the Type II, Type III, and Type IV. For AE (the distance between the lowest point of the SSN and the base of the spinoglenoid notch), Type IV was the shortest and there was no statistical difference between other types. This study reveals that SSN variations are common in Chinese population. This anatomic information is important in the management of entrapment neuropathy or interventional procedure of the SSN.
Clinical Anatomy 10/2010; 24(1):47-55. · 1.29 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: Although several morphological variations of sacrum have been reported in western populations, little attention has been paid to this anatomic issue in eastern people, and classification of sacral variability in particular. In this research of sacral morphology in Chinese people, we investigated and measured thoroughly and systematically 203 specimens of intact dry Chinese adult sacra. Morphological features of sacral variations were observed by visual inspection, and correlation parameters of variability were measured with a vernier caliper. The incidence of sacral variations was calculated. We found that the overall rate of sacral variations was 58.1% (male: 57.4%; female: 59.5%). The anatomical variants that we observed fell into the following five categories: accessory auricular surface (25 specimens, 12.3%); sacral skewness (48 specimens, 23.6%); transitional vertebra (34 specimens, 16.7%); sacral spina bifida occulta (57 specimens, 28.1%), Degrees I, II, and III of which were 36, 14, and 7 specimens, respectively; multiple variations (42 specimens, 20.7%), the types of which were diversified. This study reveals that sacral variations are common in Chinese population. The sacral variants in anatomic morphology should be taken into consideration when diagnosing and treating sacrum-related diseases.
Clinical Anatomy 08/2009; 22(5):619-26. · 1.29 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the three-dimensional anatomical position of the rotatory center in cervical rotatory and local manipulation.
A three-dimensional model was constructed based on CT data from cadaveric specimens of axial spinous process deviation. Cervical rotation was simulated on this model, and the graphic outcome was analyzed.
The rotatory center of this model was at the dens axis, not at the apex of the axial spionus process, and the angle of rotation exceeded observable angle.
The new concept of anisotropic rotation of the cervical vertebrae should be established and its principles must be comprehended in clinical practice of cervical rotatory manipulation.
Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 05/2008; 28(4):548-50.
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ABSTRACT: To localize the facet joints that give rise to the cracking sounds caused by cervical rotatory and local manipulation.
Cervical rotatory and local manipulation was performed in 30 healthy adults at the spinous process at the C(4 )level once on each of the left and right side, and a set of equipment we designed for acoustic signal acquisition was applied to collect and locate the cracking sounds, followed by statistical analysis of the data collected.
The cracking sounds caused by cervical rotatory and local manipulation were localized mainly at C(3-7) facet joints, and the times of cracking sounds at these facet joints had significant differences from those at the other facet joints.
The location of cervical rotatory and local manipulation can be only relative, and definite localization seems impossible.
Nan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University 05/2007; 27(4):421-2.
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ABSTRACT: To test the feasibility of using interactive virtual reality technique for three-dimensional reconstruction and image segmentation for biomechanical analysis of the knee joint structures.
The muscular and fat tissues along with the connective tissues were removed from the knee joint, and the femur and tibia were embedded in polymethacrylate gel. The knee joint was reconstructed with three-dimensional analysis system after calibration of the sequence of the three-dimensional markers attached to the femur and tibia.
The knee joint model was reconstructed and verified by three-dimensional analysis. This model provided information of the motions of the internal and external knee joint structures.
This method is useful for reconstructing human joints and provides a new and highly efficient experimental method for biomechanical simulation of human joints.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 10/2005; 25(9):1145-8.
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ABSTRACT: To design a set of equipment to collect, locate and analyze the cracking sounds during spinal manipulation.
On the basis of reviewing the current techniques for cracking sound measurement, we designed a cracking measurement system consisting of a pulse generator, transmission/reception interface, calibrating wave generator, compound sensors, computer, analytical software, and output components.
Preliminary experiments demonstrated that the cracking sounds could be detected at a distance of 40 cm, suggesting that this system was technically feasible with some improvements to be made.
This device can be used for collecting, locating and analyzing the cracking sounds during spinal manipulation.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 05/2005; 25(4):419-22.
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ABSTRACT: To study gender-related factors in the painful sites and degree of pains in the trigger points of the sternocleidomastoid muscle.
The trigger points of the sternocleidomastoid muscle of healthy volunteers of either gender with different ages were examined by measurable pressure using the right thumb, and the pain degree was assessed with visual analog scale (VAS).
The VAS score was 5.226+/-0.331 in senior male subjects and 5.531+/-0.379 in senior female subjects, without significant differences between them (P>0.05). Nor was significant difference detected between the scores of young male and female subjects (2.940+/-0.331 vs 3.982+/-0.405, P>0.05). In terms of the pain severity, the difference was significant between the medial and anterior areas and between the medial and posterior areas of the mastoid process (P<0.05), but not between the anterior and posterior areas of the mastoid process (P>0.05).
There is no significant gender-related difference in the pain in the trigger points of the sternocleidomastoid muscle elicited by compression with the right thumb. The anterior and posterior areas of the mastoid process are relatively sensitive to compression pain.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 02/2005; 25(1):111-3.
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ABSTRACT: To research biomechanical mechanism of overuse injuries of second metatarsal and plantar aponeurosis of flat foot and normal foot, to contrast injury risk of flat foot with that of normal foot in gait cycle, and to offer quantitative academic base for clinical therapeutic and preventive measures.
Biomechanical MTS test, computational medicine means, finite element method and fatigue injury theory were adopted, fatigue behavior of flat foot and normal foot in gait cycle was simulated quantificationally by computer, their models successfully validated by test of stress concentration of foot bones and X-ray measurement of arch deformation.
The finite element model of elastic arch of flat foot was established, peak values of fatigue stresses of second metatarsal and plantar aponeurosis in flat foot were individually 28.77 MPa and 12.53 MPa, these stresses of flat foot increased individually 8% approximately 21% and 21% approximately 51% than those of normal foot. Transfer of tension stresses of both flat foot and normal foot took place when plantar aponeurosis got infected or released partially, relative maximum of stress transfer occurred in plantar ligament, absolute maximum of stress transfer occurred in base of second metatarsal, the final stress of flat foot always overrun 0.26 approximately 5.32 MPa than normal foot.
Von Mises stresses of both flat foot and normal foot are concentrated on second metatarsal and plantar aponeurosis, but peak values of fatigue stresses of flat foot are higher than normal foot. Tension stress of plantar aponeurosis is maximum in all plantar soft tissues, plantar fasciitis or surgical partial release of plantar fascia leads to transfer of tension stresses, and can aggravate overuse injury of plantar muscles and plantar ligament, also can add risk of fatigue fracture of second metatarsal. Internal rotation of flat foot, arch collapse, and hammer toe of second ray caused by bunions all can increase incidence rate of overuse injury in flat foot.
Zhonghua yi xue za zhi 07/2004; 84(12):1000-4.
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ABSTRACT: To study the correlation between cervical (rotation) traction force and the pressure in the cervical nucleus pulposus based on an examination of multiple segments of the cervical vertebra.
The data obtained from our observation were processed by the exponential model, and the changes in the pressure reduction (P) in the cervical nucleus pulposus were analyzed.
When stretching followed by rotation was imposed on the cervical vertebra, an increase of P was first observed due to the stretching before a reduction in P caused by the rotation. The P of C(3-4) segments was constantly greater than that of C(5-6) segments, while the changes in P of C(4-5) followed different patterns.
Changes of P in each segment of the cervical vertebra are similar in response to the load force, and there is no correlation of monotonic increase or decrease between the changes of P and the location of the cervical vertebra.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 12/2002; 22(11):1000-2.
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ABSTRACT: To establish a finite element model of the fourth and fifth lumber segments in order to analyze the biomechanical characteristics of facet joints under different pressure loads.
CT sectional images of L(4-5) segments were obtained to construct a finite element model, adopting contact model to simulate the condition the superior and inferior facets were in.
The facet joint exhibited different performances under different conditions, and more loads was forced on it when the model was twirled.
The facet joints should be simulated as in condition of contact to help correct understanding of the biomechanical characteristics of the spinal segment.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 10/2002; 22(9):836-8.
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ABSTRACT: To describe the anatomical and histological characteristics of the fibrous capsule of human lumbar facet joints.
Specimens of the facet joint capsules were obtained from 5 embalmed cadavers for macroscopic investigation, and microscopic observation of L5 facet joint capsules obtained from 2 fresh cadavers was performed after the specimens were stained by way of resorzinoroseine-van Gieson method.
The outer layer of the fibrous capsule was constituted by dense regular connective tissue that was in turn composed of parallel bundles of collagenous fibers. In the superior part of the joint capsules, the fibers were arranged in the direction different from that taken by the fibers in the inferior part. In the middle layer of the joint capsules, large quantities of elastic fibers were identified in the roots of the capsule.
The anatomical and histological complexities adapt the lumbar facet joint to better withstand loads from various directions. Immoderate rotatory manipulations may result in capsule injuries, which may aggravate low back pain in some cases.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 08/2002; 22(7):600-1.
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ABSTRACT: To design a simple model for analyzing the correlation between the changes in cervical traction force and that of the pressure in the cervical nucleus pulposus.
Multiple non-linear mathematical models were established by means of regression analysis to calculate the correlation coefficient and variance, and the capacity of each model to predict the changes on the test points was evaluated.
Logarithm model was apparently not adequate for the purpose and quadratic model and power model showed poor capacity for predicting the changes of the experimental data. Exponential model and cubic model, in contrast, well illustrated the trend of the changes in the data, therefore best met the demands.
Exponential model best describes the trends of the changes of the experimental data and can procure continuous values of the pressure reduction in the cervical nucleus pulposus in association with varied cervical traction forces, thus offering useful information for relevant theoretical analysis.
Di 1 jun yi da xue xue bao = Academic journal of the first medical college of PLA 06/2002; 22(5):439-41.
