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ABSTRACT: Alexia with agraphia usually represents damage in angular gyrus. We report an unusual case of alexia with agraphia caused by a posterior inferior temporal lesion.
A 82-year-old, right-handed man was admitted because of reading disorder. Visual acuity was 0.7 OD and 0.7 OS. Goldmann perimetry revealed right homonymous upper quadrantanopsia. Standard Language Test of Aphasia revealed mild anomia and severe alexia with agraphia for kanji. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated left temporal and posterior infarction in the posterior cerebral artery region. Single photon emission computed tomography revealed decreased blood flow in the left inferior temporal, parahippocampal, fusiform, lingual and inferior occipital gyri. There were no significant lesions nor any decreased of blood flow in the angular gyrus.
It is suggested that reading and writing of ideograms such as Kanji is related not only to the angular gyrus but also to the posterior inferior temporal lobe and medial posterior lobe of the visual cortex.
Nippon Ganka Gakkai zasshi 06/2011; 115(6):535-40.
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ABSTRACT: To propose a new surgical technique for optimized visualization of the chamber angle using scleral indentation under an operating microscope in goniosynechialysis (GSL).
Six volunteers with normal chamber angle and five patients with synechial angle closure glaucoma were examined. Scleral indentation 2 mm posterior to the limbus was performed during observation of chamber angle. Width of trabecular meshwork in images was recorded through a CCD camera mounted on an operating microscope. Trabecular-iris angle and trabecular-corneal angle obtained by ultrasound biomicroscopy were used for the parameters for the angle configuration. GSL with scleral indentation was performed in the patients.
According to the visibility of the chamber angle, width of trabecular meshwork in images significantly increased from 0.34 +/- 0.08 mm equivalent (mean +/- SD) to 0.67 +/- 0.14 mm equivalent (P = 0.0001) with scleral indentation. According to the angle configurations, trabecular-iris angle significantly increased from 39.6 +/- 3.8 degrees to 47.5 +/- 6.6 degrees (P = 0.0016), and trabecular-corneal angle significantly decreased from 169.8 +/- 5.5 degrees to 158.7 +/- 5.4 degrees (P < 0.0001). All patients were successfully treated with GSL using scleral indentation.
Scleral indentation provided the surgeon an optimized visualization of the anterior chamber angle. Deepening of the chamber angle and steeping in trabecular-corneal curvature probably induced the plane of the trabecular meshwork less oblique to the surgeon's visual axis. This enhanced visualization promises the accuracy and safety of GSL.
Journal of Glaucoma 08/2005; 14(4):293-8. · 1.78 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To analyze whether rebamipide (REB) and carteolol hydrochloride (CH) protect against UVB-induced corneal damage in mice.
BALB/c mice topically pretreated with REB (1 and 10 mM) or CH (1, 10, and 100 mM) were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) B light at 416 micro W/cm(2). To evaluate corneal damage, mire irregularity was graded, and the haze index was estimated by using digitized corneal images. The formation of oxidized DNA in the corneal epithelium resulting from UVB exposure was estimated by using quantitative immunohistochemistry for 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG index). To analyze the mechanism of cytoprotection by REB and CH against UVB-induced cell damage, the UV absorption spectrum in these agents was evaluated by spectrophotometry, and their hydroxyl radical scavenging effect was evaluated by the electron spin resonance (ESR) spin trapping technique with Fenton system hydroxy radical generation.
Seventy-two hours after UVB exposure, the severity of mire irregularity, haze index, and 8OHdG index were significantly lower in mice pretreated with 10 mM (P < 0.05, P < 0.05, and P < 0.01, respectively) of REB and in mice pretreated with 10 mM (P < 0.05, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively) and 100 mM (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, and P < 0.01, respectively) of CH compared with mice treated with vehicle. The absorption spectrum of REB overlapped with the UVB wavelength, and that of CH overlapped partially. The ESR spin signal corresponding to the hydroxyl radical was reduced by the addition of REB or CH.
REB and CH attenuate UVB-induced corneal damage, which may be partly responsible for their sunscreening and hydroxyl radical scavenging effects.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 07/2003; 44(7):2980-5. · 3.60 Impact Factor
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Archives of Ophthalmology 10/2002; 120(9):1209-11. · 3.71 Impact Factor
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ABSTRACT: To investigate whether a solution of oxybuprocaine hydrochloride, 0.4%, results in a false-positive response in an immunochromatographic SAS Adeno Test.
Experimental study.
Physiologic saline and 2% lidocaine.
Each chemical (100 microl) was diluted in a transport medium. Five drops (200 microl) of the resultant solution were dispensed into the round sample well of a test device. Fifteen samples were tested in each group.
Ten minutes after the start of the test, a colored line in the "specimen" portion of the test membrane was visually read as positive or negative by a masked technician.
No positive reaction was observed in the control groups (physiologic saline and lidocaine). A false-positive reaction was observed in six samples (33.3%) in the oxybuprocaine group. The positive rate was significantly higher in the oxybuprocaine group compared with those in control groups (P = 0.0062, Fisher's extract probability test).
Oxybuprocaine may induce a false-positive reaction in an immunochromatographic SAS Adeno Test. We recommend the use of lidocaine, instead of oxybuprocaine, for local anesthesia in taking eye swabs from patients with suspected adenovirus infection.
Ophthalmology 05/2002; 109(4):808-9. · 5.45 Impact Factor
