Article

Sarcoidosis and HIV infection: a case report and a review of the literature.

Division of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital and University of Padua, Italy.
Postgraduate Medical Journal (impact factor: 1.94). 10/2003; 79(935):535-8. pp.535-8
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Sarcoidosis occurring in patients with AIDS is rare. This infrequent association has been attributed to the impairment of the immune system that may interfere with the granuloma formation in HIV infected patients. However, the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has brought about a substantial and sustained increase in CD4+ T lymphocyte cells, and has consequently led to the development of the so called "immune restoration disease". The case of an HIV infected man who developed sarcoidosis after the initiation of HAART is described. Skin nodule images and histological specimens are reported. The association between sarcoidosis and HIV infection is also reviewed.

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    Article: Pulmonary sarcoidosis.
    Joseph P Lynch, Yan Ling Ma, Michael N Koss, Eric S White
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    ABSTRACT: Sarcoidosis, a granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology, characteristically involves multiple organs. However, pulmonary manifestations typically dominate. Chest radiographs are abnormal in 85 to 95% of patients. Abnormalities in pulmonary function tests are common and may be associated with cough, dyspnea, and exercise limitation. However, one third or more of patients are asymptomatic, with incidental abnormalities on chest radiographs. The clinical course and expression of pulmonary sarcoidosis are variable. Spontaneous remissions occur in nearly two thirds of patients. The course is chronic in up to 30% of patients. Chronic pulmonary sarcoidosis may result in progressive (sometimes life-threatening) loss of lung function. Fatalities ascribed to sarcoidosis occur in 1 to 4% of patients. Although the impact of treatment is controversial, corticosteroids may be highly effective in some patients. Immunosuppressive, cytotoxic, or immunomodulatory agents are reserved for patients failing or experiencing adverse effects from corticosteroids. Lung transplantation is a viable option for patients with life-threatening disease failing medical therapy.
    Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 03/2007; 28(1):53-74. · 2.43 Impact Factor
Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

Keywords

active antiretroviral therapy
 
CD4+ T lymphocyte cells
 
granuloma formation
 
HAART
 
histological specimens
 
HIV infection
 
immune restoration disease"
 
immune system
 
infrequent association
 
initiation
 
patients
 
sarcoidosis
 
Skin nodule images
 
substantial
 

M Trevenzoli