Article

Uterine cavity matrix metalloproteinases and cytokines in patients with leiomyoma, adenomyosis or endometrial polyp.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Vic. 3053, Australia.
European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology (impact factor: 1.97). 01/2004; 111(2):197-203. pp.197-203
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT To determine whether leiomyoma, adenomyosis and endometrial polyps are associated with changes in uterine cavity matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) and cytokines.
Uterine cavity irrigation was performed in women with leiomyoma, adenomyosis and endometrial polyps, and in women with a normal uterus. MMP-2 and MMP-9 were assayed in the uterine washings by gelatin zymography. For individual subjects, the total MMP level was obtained by adding the semi-quantitative scores of band densities related to gelatinases in the zymograms. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) kits.
The uterine cavity of patients with leiomyoma, adenomyosis and endometrial polyps had significantly higher MMP scores than controls. Although the mean IL-1beta levels were elevated in uteri harboring a pathology compared with the normal uteri, the cytokine was significantly elevated only in the adenomyotic group. Significantly elevated levels of IFN-gamma were found in uteri with leiomyoma and endometrial polyps. Uterine washings from leiomyoma and adenomyosis contained significantly elevated mean levels of TGF-beta1 compared with controls, while TNF-alpha was significantly higher only in leiomyoma. When uterine cytokine levels were compared in relation to individual MMP levels a significant relationship was found between TGF-beta1 and elevated levels of MMP-9 and total MMPs in leiomyoma. A significant relationship was also found between IL-1beta and elevated levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and total MMPs in the endometrial polyp group.
The uterine cavity in leiomyoma, adenomyosis and endometrial polyps contains elevated levels of MMPs and cytokines compared with the normal uterus. In some pathologies elevated cytokines are associated with elevated MMPs.

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    Article: Pathomorphosis of Uterine Myomas in Women
    Pawe Madej, Janusz A Madej
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    ABSTRACT: Taking stroma (ECM-extracellular matrix) and not tumour parenchyma as a criterion of categorization, the tu-mours can be divided into two groups, i.e. those which produce stroma (non-epithelial malignant tumours) or sarcomas and the tumours which take advantage of the local tissue stroma (malignant epithelial tumours) or carcinomas. Involve-ment of stroma is noted also within the reciprocal relationship between stroma and tumour cells, which has been described in detail on the example of uterine myoma. ECM also "collaborates" with CAM (cell adhesion molecules), particularly in development of neoplastic metastases. Pathomorphosis of myomas, myosarcomas and of "stromal" uterine tumours was described with particular attention given to differential diagnosis and the resulting clinic predictive and prognostic implications. A probable mechanism of neopla-sia based on dissipative structures of cells was presented and introduction of a disoric zone of a tumour, i.e. of a marginal zone between the tumour and the morphologically normal tissue was suggested. The zone seems extremely important in prediction and prognosis related to relapse and/or tumour metastases.
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Keywords

adenomyotic group
 
band densities
 
cytokines
 
endometrial polyp group
 
endometrial polyps
 
enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay
 
individual MMP levels
 
mean IL-1beta levels
 
MMP-2
 
MMPs
 
normal uteri
 
normal uterus
 
total MMP level
 
total MMPs
 
tumor necrosis factor-alpha
 
uterine cavity
 
Uterine cavity irrigation
 
uterine cavity matrix metalloproteinases
 
uterine cytokine levels
 
Uterine washings
 

Noboru Inagaki