Article

Dynamics of auditory-vocal interaction in monkey auditory cortex.

Laboratory of Auditory Neurophysiology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Cerebral Cortex (impact factor: 6.54). 11/2005; 15(10):1510-23. DOI:10.1093/cercor/bhi030 pp.1510-23
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Single neurons in the primate auditory cortex exhibit vocalization-related modulations (excitatory or inhibitory) during self-initiated vocal production. Previous studies have shown that these modulations of cortical activity are variable in individual neurons' responses to multiple instances of vocalization and diverse between different cortical neurons. The present study investigated dynamic patterns of vocalization-related modulations and demonstrated that much of the variability in cortical modulations was related to the acoustic structures of self-produced vocalization. We found that suppression of single unit activity during multi-phrased vocalizations was temporally specific in that it was maintained during each phrase, but was released between phrases. Furthermore, the degree of suppression or excitation was correlated to the mean energy and frequency of the produced vocalizations, accounting for much of the response variability between multiple instances of vocalization. Simultaneous recordings of pairs of neurons from a single electrode revealed that the modulations by self-produced vocalizations in nearby neurons were largely uncorrelated. Additionally, vocalization-induced suppression was found to be preferentially distributed to upper cortical layers. Finally, we showed that the summation of all auditory cortical activity during vocalization, including both single and multi-unit responses, was weakly excitatory, consistent with observations from studies of the human brain during speech.

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    Article: Dynamics of Vocalization-Induced Modulation of Auditory Cortical Activity at Mid-utterance.
    Zhaocong Chen, Jeffery A Jones, Peng Liu, Weifeng Li, Dongfeng Huang, Hanjun Liu
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    ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Recent research has addressed the suppression of cortical sensory responses to altered auditory feedback that occurs at utterance onset regarding speech. However, there is reason to assume that the mechanisms underlying sensorimotor processing at mid-utterance are different than those involved in sensorimotor control at utterance onset. The present study attempted to examine the dynamics of event-related potentials (ERPs) to different acoustic versions of auditory feedback at mid-utterance. METHODOLOGYPRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Subjects produced a vowel sound while hearing their pitch-shifted voice (100 cents), a sum of their vocalization and pure tones, or a sum of their vocalization and white noise at mid-utterance via headphones. Subjects also passively listened to playback of what they heard during active vocalization. Cortical ERPs were recorded in response to different acoustic versions of feedback changes during both active vocalization and passive listening. The results showed that, relative to passive listening, active vocalization yielded enhanced P2 responses to the 100 cents pitch shifts, whereas suppression effects of P2 responses were observed when voice auditory feedback was distorted by pure tones or white noise. CONCLUSIONSIGNIFICANCE: The present findings, for the first time, demonstrate a dynamic modulation of cortical activity as a function of the quality of acoustic feedback at mid-utterance, suggesting that auditory cortical responses can be enhanced or suppressed to distinguish self-produced speech from externally-produced sounds.
    PLoS ONE 01/2013; 8(3):e60039. · 4.09 Impact Factor
  • Article: Neurophysiological Evidence of Corollary Discharge Function During Vocalization in Psychotic Patients and Their Nonpsychotic First-Degree Relatives.
    Judith M Ford, Daniel H Mathalon, Brian J Roach, Sarah K Keedy, James L Reilly, Elliot S Gershon, John A Sweeney
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    ABSTRACT: Predictions about sensations resulting from motor acts are instantiated through neural mechanisms such as the corollary discharge. With each action, the corollary discharge provides an unconscious comparison between predicted and actual sensations resulting from the action; closer matches result in greater suppression of sensation. This mechanism is disrupted in schizophrenia (SZ) and may contribute to, or reflect a failure to, distinguish self- from externally generated experiences, a hallmark of psychosis. We asked whether disruption is specific to SZ or is seen in other psychotic illnesses and in first-degree relatives of psychotic patients. Corollary discharge function was assessed in SZ patients (n = 30), schizoaffective (SA) patients (n = 19), bipolar patients with a history of psychosis (BPP; n = 39), nonpsychotic relatives of SZ (n = 30), SA (n = 23), and BPP (n = 50) patients, and healthy controls (n = 43). The N1 component of the event-related potential, reflecting auditory cortical responses to sounds, was elicited by speech sound onset as subjects talked and later when they listened to a recording of those sounds. N1 was suppressed during talking compared to N1 during listening, consistent with the suppressive action of the corollary discharge mechanism. Suppression was significantly reduced in SZ and BPP patients, with a similar trend in the smaller SA group. Patient groups did not differ, and unaffected relatives did not differ from controls or probands. The failure to monitor sensations resulting from self-generated actions, implicating corollary discharge dysfunction, may be a common feature across affective and nonaffective psychosis. Data from unaffected family members do not indicate that this is a marker of psychosis risk.
    Schizophrenia Bulletin 11/2012; · 8.80 Impact Factor
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    Dataset: Corollary discharge dysfunction in bipolar patients
    Judith M Ford, Daniel H Mathalon, Brian J Roach, Sarah K Keedy, James L Reilly, Elliot S Gershon, John A Sweeney

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Keywords

auditory cortical activity
 
cortical activity
 
cortical modulations
 
different cortical neurons
 
human brain
 
individual neurons' responses
 
mean energy
 
multi-phrased vocalizations
 
Previous studies
 
primate auditory cortex exhibit vocalization-related modulations
 
produced vocalizations
 
response variability
 
self-initiated vocal production
 
self-produced vocalization
 
self-produced vocalizations
 
Single neurons
 
single unit activity
 
upper cortical layers
 
vocalization-induced suppression
 
vocalization-related modulations
 

Steven J Eliades