Article

Serum anti-Mullerian hormone levels during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation in women with polycystic ovaries with and without hyperandrogenism.

IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of Negev, Jerusalem, Israel.
Human Reproduction (impact factor: 4.47). 08/2005; 20(7):1814-9. DOI:10.1093/humrep/deh873 pp.1814-9
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is expressed in pre- and small-antral follicles. High serum levels are found in women with polycystic ovaries (PCO), accordant with their increased content of small follicles. To evaluate the relationship between AMH, folliculogenesis and hyperandrogenism, we compared serum AMH levels between women with PCO with and without hyperandrogenism and normal controls during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH).
Nineteen women with PCO and hyperandrogenism (group A), 10 women with PCO but no hyperandrogenism (group B) and 23 ovulatory women with normal ovarian morphology (group C, controls) underwent COH with the long protocol. Serum levels of AMH, estradiol, androstenedione and follicular tracking were determined before gonadotropins treatment (day 0) and every 2-4 days up to the day of HCG administration.
AMH levels declined gradually throughout COH in the three groups, but remained higher in groups A and B compared with the controls. Significantly higher levels were found in group A compared with group B, despite comparable numbers of small follicles. Multiple regression analysis revealed that both the number of small follicles and serum androgens were correlated to AMH.
Women with PCO have higher serum AMH levels during COH than controls. Hyperandrogenism is associated with an additional increase in AMH. It is conceivable that hyperandrogenism may reflect more severe disruption of folliculogenesis in women with PCO or may affect AMH secretion.

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Keywords

23 ovulatory women
 
AMH levels
 
AMH secretion
 
Anti-Mullerian hormone
 
comparable numbers
 
day 0
 
group A
 
group B
 
group C
 
HCG administration
 
increased content
 
Multiple regression analysis
 
normal controls
 
normal ovarian morphology
 
ovarian hyperstimulation
 
polycystic ovaries
 
serum AMH levels
 
serum levels
 
small follicles
 
small-antral follicles