Article

In vitro fracture resistance of fiber reinforced cusp-replacing composite restorations.

Department of Oral Function and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dental Science, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Dental Materials (impact factor: 3.13). 06/2005; 21(6):565-72. DOI:10.1016/j.dental.2004.07.019 pp.565-72
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT To assess the fracture resistance and failure mode of fiber reinforced composite (FRC) cusp-replacing restorations in premolars.
Forty-five extracted sound upper premolars were randomly divided into three groups. Identical MOD cavities with simulated buccal cusp fracture and height reduction of the palatal cusp were prepared. In Group A two layers of resin impregnated woven continuous FRC (EverStick Net) were applied. In Group B one layer of unidirectional continuous FRC (EverStick) was used. In Group C no fibers were applied (control). Subsequently, all teeth were restored with resin composite (Clearfil Photo Posterior), subjected to thermocycling (6000 x 5-55 degrees C) and static load tests. Load until fracture was registered for each tooth. Simultaneously, fracture propagation was monitored using acoustic emission analysis (AE). Failure modes were visually assessed.
Weibull analysis revealed a characteristic strength and Weibull modulus (m) at 2364.8 N for Group A (m=8.9), 2437.9 N for Group B (m=5.9) and 2160.3N for Group C (m=13.6). Fracture loads were not significantly different (ANOVA, p>0.05). Teeth with FRC showed less fractures below the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) (38% and 23% for Groups A and B, respectively) than teeth without FRC (93%) (chi-square, p<0.05). The control group showed the least AE energy signals.
The results suggest that glass FRC does not increase fracture load of premolars with cusp-replacing restorations. However, FRC has a beneficial effect on the failure mode. Woven fibers give more consistent results than unidirectional fibers.

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    Article: Marginal quality and fracture strength of root-canal treated mandibular molars with overlay restorations after thermocycling and mechanical loading.
    Mustafa Dere, Mutlu Ozcan, Till N Göhring
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    ABSTRACT: To evaluate marginal quality, fracture modes, and loads-to-failure of different overlay restorations in rootcanal treated molars in a laboratory setup. Thirty-two mandibular first molars were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 8): UTR= untreated (control), RCT-COM= root canal treated (RCT)+ lab-made composite overlay, RCT-FRC= RCT+composite resin overlay with two layers of multidirectional woven glass fibers; RCT-CER: RCT+ceramic overlay. The teeth in all groups were subjected to thermocycling and mechanical loading (TCML) in a computer-controlled masticator (1,200,000 loads, 49 N, 1.7 Hz, 3000 temperature cycles of 5°C to 50°C). Marginal adaptation was evaluated before and after TCML with scanning electron microscopy at 200X at the tooth-to-luting composite (IF1) and luting composite-to restoration (IF2) interfaces. After TCML, all specimens were loaded to failure in a universal testing machine at 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed with ANOVA and Bonferroni correction. Marginal adaptation decreased from 93 ± 3.4 to 82 ± 6.5 % at IF1 after TCML (p > 0.001) but the decrease was not significant between the groups (p = 0.8130). At IF2, ceramic overlays showed about 10% lower marginal adaptation than composite overlays (p < 0.0001). Loads-to-failure (in N) were as follows in descending order: RCT-FRC: 3619 ± 520; UTR: 3048 ± 905; RCT-COM: 2770 ± 457; RCT-CER 2036 ± 319. RCT-FRC showed significantly higher results than those of RCT-COM (p = 0.0077) and RCT-CER (p < 0.0001). Only RCT-CER showed significantly lower results than that of the control (p = 0.0019). While the fractures in the UTR occurred exclusively above the cementoenamel junction (Mode 1 and Mode 2) and were rated reparable, RCT-COM and RCT-CER showed exclusively catastrophic failures in varying modes (nodes 3 to 5). Only in group RCT-FRC, half of the specimens fractured in a reparable fracture mode (modes 1 and 2) with veneering composite delamination from the glass-fiber weaver layer. As cusp-covering overlay restorations in root canal treated molars, composite resin overlays with and without fiber reinforcement performed similar to intact teeth with varying failure types. While intact teeth failed exclusively in reparable modes, all other restorations failed in a catastrophic manner, except half of the fiber reinforced composite group.
    The journal of adhesive dentistry 11/2009; 12(4):287-94. · 1.11 Impact Factor
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Keywords

acoustic emission analysis
 
AE energy signals
 
characteristic strength
 
consistent results
 
control group
 
cusp-replacing restorations
 
EverStick Net
 
failure mode
 
Failure modes
 
glass FRC
 
Group B
 
Group C
 
Identical MOD cavities
 
resin impregnated woven continuous FRC
 
simulated buccal cusp fracture
 
sound upper premolars
 
two layers
 
unidirectional continuous FRC
 
Weibull modulus
 
Woven fibers