Article

Transarterial embolization of vein of Galen malformations: the use of magnetic resonance imaging noninvasive optimal vessel analysis to quantify shunt reduction. Report of two cases.

Department of Neurosurgery, Hyman-Newman Institute for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Roosevelt Hospital, New York, New York 10019, USA.
Journal of Neurosurgery (impact factor: 2.96). 02/2006; 104(1 Suppl):41-5. DOI:10.3171/ped.2006.104.1.41
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT In patients with vein of Galen malformations, high-flow shunting decreases cerebral perfusion. By reducing or eliminating these shunts, transarterial embolization can improve cerebral perfusion and clinical outcomes. Quantifying pre- and postembolization shunt blood flow may help determine the optimal timing and efficacy of embolization and may provide prognostic information. The authors used magnetic resonance imaging noninvasive optimal vessel analysis as a novel modality to measure volumetric blood flow through vein of Galen malformation shunts in a neonate and an infant before and after transarterial embolization.

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    Article: Diagnosis and treatment of vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations.
    Gregory G Heuer, Brandon Gabel, Lauren A Beslow, Michael F Stiefel, Erin S Schwartz, Phillip B Storm, Rebecca N Ichord, Robert W Hurst
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformations (VGAM) are rare but clinically significant intracranial arteriovenous shunt lesions that most often present in neonates and infants. Retrospective clinical data were collected for patients evaluated with a diagnosis of VGAM from 1994 to 2007. Thirteen patients with VGAM were evaluated from 1994 to 2007. Seven patients presented emergently with medically intractable cardiac failure, and six were treated in the first 2 weeks of life. Five children treated after this period (1.5-31 months of age) manifested enlarging head circumference, abnormal development, or subarachnoid hemorrhage. Eleven patients were managed endovascularly. Four disease or procedure-related complications occurred. Two complications were associated with poor outcome, both of which occurred in patients treated at less than 2 weeks of age. Two other patients experienced transient neurological deficits with no evidence of permanent sequelae. Outcome in the six patients treated emergently in the first 2 weeks of life included two patients who developed normally, one with mild to moderate neurological deficits, one with severe neurological deficits, and two deaths. Outcome in the five older patients (treated between 1.5 and 31 months) was considerably better than in the group treated early and included three with normal outcome and two with mild neurological deficits. Contemporary endovascular techniques remain the preferred treatment for VGAM in all age groups. Early diagnosis and multimodality treatment are essential for the best management and treatment of the complex constellation of clinical problems often arising from this disorder.
    Child s Nervous System 07/2010; 26(7):879-87. · 1.54 Impact Factor
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Keywords

blood flow
 
cerebral perfusion
 
efficacy
 
Galen malformation shunts
 
high-flow shunting decreases cerebral perfusion
 
magnetic resonance imaging noninvasive optimal vessel analysis
 
measure volumetric blood flow
 
neonate
 
novel modality
 
Quantifying pre-
 
shunts