Article

Risk factors for isolation of low-level mupirocin-resistant versus -susceptible methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from patients in intensive care units.

Department of Internal Medicine, The Institute of Emerging Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University, 126-1 Anam-Dong 5th Street, Sungbuk-gu, Seoul 136-705, Republic of Korea.
The Journal of infection (impact factor: 4.13). 05/2007; 54(4):337-42. DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2006.06.008 pp.337-42
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors for the recovery of low-level mupirocin-resistant (mup(r)) or -susceptible (mup(s)) MRSA from patients in intensive care units (ICUs).
A case-case-control study was conducted from November 2003 to April 2004. Two case groups consisted of patients with low-level mup(r) MRSA and mup(s) MRSA. A control group was frequency matched.
Mup(r) MRSA and mup(s) MRSA were isolated from 20 to 51 patients, respectively, during a six-month period. Risk factors identified for mup(r) MRSA were as follows: exposure to piperacillin-tazobactam (odds ratio [OR] 13.8; 95% confidence intervals [CI], 1.8-105.0), third-generation cephalosporins (OR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.6-15.5) and quinolones (OR, 3.4; 95% CI, 1.1-10.7). Risk factors identified for mup(s) MRSA were as follows: length of ICU stay (OR, 1.1; 95% CI, 1.0-1.1), surgery (OR, 3.7; 95% CI, 1.5-9.0), exposure to third-generation cephalosporins (OR, 8.4; 95% CI, 3.3-21.7) and quinolones (OR, 7.7; 95% CI, 2.8-21.3).
Our results suggest that nosocomial isolation of low-level mup(r) MRSA may be affected by piperacillin-tazobactam.

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    Article: Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the intensive care unit of a general hospital in southern Brazil.
    Jairo L Hoerlle, Adriano Brandelli
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    ABSTRACT: Staphylococcus aureus is recognized as a major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus isolates and the possible changes of the resistance patterns after the implementation of norms of hospital infection control. During the period of 2001 to 2004, antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus (n = 104) isolated from patients in the intensive care unit of the Hospital Divina Providencia (Porto Alegre, Brazil) was determined. The progress of S. aureus control in this hospital through 2002, after the implementation of norms for infection control, was also evaluated. The glycopeptides presented larger in vitro activity against the isolates of S. aureus (100% of susceptibility for vancomycin and teicoplanin). The percentage of samples showing resistance to at least one drug was 96%, 97% and 100% for the years 2001, 2003 and 2004, respectively. Except for ampicillin and penicillin, antimicrobial resistance decreased from 2001 to 2004. A total of 26 phenotypic profiles were identified; among them a single profile (phenotype B) was identified in all three years of investigation, corresponding to 50% of the isolates. The number of isolated S. aureus decreased the following years, totaling 50 in 2001, 34 in 2003, and 20 in 2004. A reduction in the number of isolates and antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus from the intensive care unit was observed after the implementation of norms for infection control.
    The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 01/2009; 3(7):504-10. · 1.19 Impact Factor
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Keywords

51 patients
 
95% confidence intervals [CI]
 
case groups
 
case-case-control study
 
control group
 
intensive care units
 
low-level mup(r)
 
low-level mupirocin-resistant
 
patients
 
Risk factors
 
six-month period
 
third-generation cephalosporins