Article

Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus among healthy adults.

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
Journal of microbiology, immunology, and infection = Wei mian yu gan ran za zhi (impact factor: 0.99). 01/2007; 39(6):458-64. pp.458-64
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Data on the carriage rate and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Staphylococcus aureus strains prevalent in the community are not available for many developing countries including Malaysia. To estimate the extent of community S. aureus transmission, in particular methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), the prevalence of S. aureus nasal colonization in a population of healthy adults was determined. Factors associated with S. aureus nasal carriage and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolates were also analyzed.
A cross-sectional study involving 346 adults was conducted. Nasal swabs were examined for the presence of S. aureus. Epidemiological information concerning risk factors for nasal carriage was also obtained. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards guidelines. MRSA strains isolated were further subjected to pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis.
The prevalence of S. aureus nasal carriage was 23.4%. The findings also revealed that ex-smokers (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.08-6.32, p=0.033) and oral contraceptive users (95% CI 1.12-21.67, p=0.035) were more likely to harbor S. aureus. One person was colonized with MRSA, which was different from the hospital strain.
MRSA nasal colonization was found to be low outside of the health care environment. Smokers and oral contraceptive users have high nasal carrier rates.

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Keywords

antibiotic sensitivity pattern
 
antibiotic sensitivity patterns
 
Antibiotic susceptibility testing
 
carriage rate
 
community S. aureus transmission
 
cross-sectional study
 
developing countries
 
Epidemiological information
 
harbor S. aureus
 
hospital strain
 
methicillin-resistant S. aureus
 
MRSA strains
 
nasal carriage
 
Nasal swabs
 
oral contraceptive users
 
pulse-field gel electrophoresis analysis
 
S. aureus
 
S. aureus nasal carriage
 
S. aureus nasal colonization
 
Staphylococcus aureus strains prevalent