Article

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: complete resolution of an occluding inferior vena caval thrombus.

Second Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo City, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan, .
Abdominal Imaging (impact factor: 1.73). 03/2007; 32(6):754-7. DOI:10.1007/s00261-007-9184-6 pp.754-7
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is a rare acquired autoimmune disease, and is frequently associated with venous thrombosis. A patient who developed thrombotic occlusion of the inferior vena cava is described. Treatment with heparin and urokinase, followed by oral anticoagulant, was effective in resolving abdominal symptoms. The venous thrombosis resolved completely, but the patient died during treatment of aplastic anemia.

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  • Article: Thrombolytic therapy is effective in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: a series of nine patients and a review of the literature.
    David J Araten, Rosario Notaro, Howard T Thaler, Nancy Kernan, Farid Boulad, Hugo Castro-Malaspina, Trudy Small, Andromachi Scaradavou, Heather Magnan, Susan Prockop, Sara Chaffee, Jason Gonsky, Raymond Thertulien, Roberto Tarquini, Lucio Luzzatto
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    ABSTRACT: Thrombosis is the major risk factor for death in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Previous case reports indicate that venous thrombosis in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria is amenable to thrombolysis. We reviewed the outcome of thrombolytic therapy for patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria who had thromboses refractory to anticoagulation at our institutions. In this study of 41 patients who had at least one thrombotic event, we confirmed a very high incidence of recurrence despite anticoagulation. Nine patients with thrombosis were regarded as eligible for administration of intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, which was effective in reversing thrombi in all of 15 occasions in which it was given. Serious hemorrhagic complications developed in three cases. At last follow-up visit, of the nine patients treated, three had died, and six were in very good to excellent condition in terms of clinical outcome and radiological findings. The only patient in whom thrombolysis may have contributed to a fatal outcome also had complications of "heparin induced thrombocytopenia with thrombosis", which we diagnosed in three additional patients. In our review of the literature, nine out of 15 patients treated with thrombolysis have had a good outcome. Although it is associated with a significant but manageable risk of bleeding, systemic thrombolysis is a highly effective treatment for reversing venous thromboses in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
    Haematologica 12/2011; 97(3):344-52. · 6.42 Impact Factor
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Keywords

autoimmune disease
 
inferior vena cava
 
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
 
rare
 
thrombotic occlusion
 
urokinase
 
venous thrombosis
 

Shunya Shindo