Article

Ultrastructure of the gingiva in cardiac patients treated with or without calcium channel blockers.

Department of Periodontology, Dental School, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.
Journal Of Clinical Periodontology (impact factor: 3). 09/2003; 30(8):682-90. pp.682-90
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT In the last few years, several studies have suggested that periodontal diseases are related to the development of atherosclerosis and its complications. Our objective was to study the ultrastructural morphology of the gingiva from cardiac patients, some of whom were treated and some not with calcium channel blockers compared to a control group.
Fifty-five patients were studied and grouped in the following way: (a) healthy group (HG) (n=12) healthy patients with at least two pockets between 3 and 5 mm; (b) cardiac group (CG) (n=12) patients with cardiac disease untreated with calcium channel blockers; (c) diltiazem group (DG) (n=13) cardiac patients treated with diltiazem; (d) nifedipine group (NG) (n=18) cardiac patients treated with nifedipine.
Ultrastructural studies in the CG showed inflammatory cells, collagen fibers disruption and a more extended morphologically compromised fibroblast mitochondria. Morphometric studies in CG showed mitochondria that were impaired in number but increased in volume, suggesting metabolic cell suffering. In DG and NG, morphometric data were similar to HG. The presence of myofibroblasts and collagen neosynthesis was detected in DG and NG.
Our data showed differences in the ultrastructure of the gingival fibroblasts between the studied groups; the DG and NG showed features that could be interpreted as an attempt to restore the cellular metabolic function.

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Keywords

atherosclerosis
 
calcium channel blockers
 
cardiac disease untreated
 
cardiac patients
 
collagen fibers disruption
 
collagen neosynthesis
 
control group
 
extended morphologically
 
fibroblast mitochondria
 
following way
 
gingiva
 
gingival fibroblasts
 
last
 
mitochondria
 
patients
 
periodontal diseases
 
studied groups
 
two pockets
 
ultrastructural morphology
 
Ultrastructural studies