Article

A multimarker real-time RT-PCR for MAGE-A gene expression allows sensitive detection and quantification of the minimal systemic tumor load in patients with localized cancer.

Institute of Immunology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
Journal of Immunological Methods (impact factor: 2.2). 07/2007; 323(2):180-93. DOI:10.1016/j.jim.2007.04.006 pp.180-93
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Distant metastases of solid tumors are usually associated with fatal outcome. Disseminated cancer cells are considered early indicators of metastasis. Their sensitive detection and quantification would be a valuable tool for staging of disease and as guidance for therapeutic decisions.
We established a highly sensitive and quantitative multimarker real-time RT-PCR assay for amplification of cancer-related genes MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3/6, -A4, -A10 and -A12 using SYBR green I to detect one single tumor cell in 2 mL of blood or bone marrow. The feasibility of the assay was tested in a large cohort of 177 patients with locally confined prostate carcinoma.
Analysis revealed frequent MAGE expression in venous blood and bilateral bone marrow samples (25.5% of all cases) and yielded the first quantitative profile of MAGE expression with a broad range of transcript concentrations for individual markers in the minimal systemic tumor load of patients with localized cancer.
Rare transcripts of different MAGE-A genes can be quantified in clinical samples of cancer patients by a sensitive multimarker real-time RT-PCR. Because of frequent expression of MAGE genes in various types of cancer the multimarker MAGE real-time RT-PCR may be generally useful for detection, quantification and characterization of the individual disseminated tumor load in cancer patients.

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    Article: MAGE-A as a novel approach in the diagnostic accuracy of oral squamous cell cancer: a case report.
    Philipp Metzler, Nur Mollaoglu, Stephan Schwarz, Friedrich W Neukam, Emeka Nkenke, Jutta Ries
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: The aim of this case report is to introduce the combined use of brush biopsy and measurement of MAGE-A expression in the diagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We report of a 49-year old male patient who was referred to our department with a persistent-suspicious looking leukoplakia. Brush biopsy and an incisional biopsy were performed following clinical diagnosis. Histopathological examination revealed no malignancy. Expression analysis of melanoma-associated antigens A (MAGE-A) using real time RT-PCR was applied to brush biopsy materials because of the high prevalence of MAGE-A determined previously in OSCC's. Results indicated significant MAGE-A3 and A4 expression pattern. Therefore, the lesion was excised completely and an early invasive carcinoma was identified. These results emphasize the role of brush biopsy using a tumor marker with a high expression frequency combined with a high sensitive and high specific detection system in the early diagnosis of OSCC, particularly in widespread leukoplakias.
    Head & Neck Oncology 12/2009; 1:39. · 3.13 Impact Factor
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Keywords

bilateral bone marrow samples
 
broad range
 
cancer-related genes MAGE-A1
 
clinical samples
 
different MAGE-A genes
 
Disseminated cancer cells
 
Distant metastases
 
fatal outcome
 
first quantitative profile
 
frequent MAGE expression
 
individual disseminated tumor load
 
localized cancer
 
MAGE genes
 
minimal systemic tumor load
 
multimarker MAGE real-time RT-PCR
 
quantitative multimarker real-time RT-PCR assay
 
Rare transcripts
 
sensitive multimarker real-time RT-PCR
 
transcript concentrations
 
various types
 

Ingo Mecklenburg