Article

Long-term use of Swedish moist snuff and the risk of myocardial infarction amongst men.

Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Journal of Internal Medicine (impact factor: 5.48). 09/2007; 262(3):351-9. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2007.01816.x pp.351-9
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The scientific evidence on cardiovascular risks associated with long-term use of snuff is limited and inconclusive. The use of this smokeless tobacco has increased in recent decades, and adverse health effects associated with snuff use could be of great public health concern.
We aimed to study whether long-term use of snuff affects the risk of myocardial infarction.
Between 1978 and 1993 all construction workers in Sweden were offered repeated health check-ups by the Swedish Construction Industry's Organization for Working Environment Safety and Health. A cohort was created with information on tobacco use and other risk factors, collected through questionnaires.
In total, 118,395 nonsmoking men without a history of myocardial infarction were followed through 2004. Information on myocardial infarction morbidity and mortality was obtained from national registers. Relative risk estimates were derived from Cox proportional hazards regression model, with adjustment for age, body mass index and region of residence.
Almost 30% of the men had used snuff. In total, 118 395 nonsmoking men without a history of myocardial infarction were followed through 2004. The multivariable-adjusted relative risks for ever snuff users were 0.91 (95% confidence interval, 0.81-1.02) for nonfatal cases and 1.28 (95% confidence interval, 1.06-1.55) for fatal cases. Heavy users (>or=50 g day(-1)) had a relative risk of fatal myocardial infarction of 1.96 (95% confidence interval, 1.08-3.58). Snuff use increased the probability of mortality from cardiovascular disease amongst nonfatal myocardial infarction patients.
Our results indicate that snuff use is associated with an increased risk of fatal myocardial infarction.

0 0
 · 
0 Bookmarks
 · 
30 Views
  • Source
    Article: Insights into pathophysiology of smoke-related cardiovascular disease.
    Salvatore De Rosa, Mario Pacileo, Laura Sasso, Vito Di Palma, Paola Maietta, Antonella Paglia, Linda Brevetti, Plinio Cirillo, Massimo Chiariello
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: The deleterious effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality are well established. Both active and passive smoking represent a major health hazard for both men and women. The great concerns related to the deleterious effects of CS on cardiovascular disease have been translated into various kinds of social interventions and targeted health policies since ever. The high health impact of cigarette smoking has driven a huge number of researches at the epidemiological, clinical and biological level. Nevertheless, even though many progresses have been made in understanding the mechanisms underlying the high disease burden associated to cigarette smoke, the exact components and the mechanisms by means of which it exerts its effects remain to be completely clarified as yet. The present paper reviews the main observations on the pathophysiology of smoke-related cardiovascular diseases, providing an up-to-date perspective about one of the main cardiovascular killers of our days.
    Monaldi archives for chest disease = Archivio Monaldi per le malattie del torace / Fondazione clinica del lavoro, IRCCS [and] Istituto di clinica tisiologica e malattie apparato respiratorio, Università di Napoli, Secondo ateneo 07/2008; 70(2):59-67.
  • Source
    Article: Association of exclusive smokeless tobacco consumption with hypertension in an adult male rural population of India.
    Ambarish Pandey, Nivedita Patni, Sasmit Sarangi, Mansher Singh, Kartavya Sharma, Ananth K Vellimana, Somdutta Patra
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: Tobacco consumption is a major source of mortality and morbidity in India . Prevalence of smokeless tobacco (ST) consumption in India is around 20%. Studies have shown increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors and an increased incidence of adverse cardiovascular events among the ST consumers. This is a cross-sectional study done to look into the association of exclusive smokeless tobacco consumption with hypertension, in an adult male rural population of north India. All male residents of a village in north India above 15 years of age, who did not have any acute or chronic morbidity were included after taking an informed consent. Subjects were interviewed regarding their demographic profile, socioeconomic status and tobacco consuming habits. Current smokeless tobacco user was defined as one who has ever consumed tobacco orally in past 1 month. Blood pressure of the subjects was also recorded. Cut offs used for systolic and diastolic hypertension were 140 mm hg and 90 mm Hg respectively. 443 subjects were included in the study. Prevalence of exclusive ST users was 21% while 19.4% consumed both forms and 26.6% did not take any form of tobacco. Mean systolic and diastolic BP were significantly higher in exclusive ST users(systolic BP=139.2+17.4,diastolic BP = 86.8+11.5)as compared to the non users(systolic BP= 135.7+18.8 , diastolic BP= 82.6 +11.5; p value < 0.05). The prevalence of diastolic hypertension was significantly higher in exclusive ST users as compared to non users ( 40.9%, 22.9% ;p value = 0.01) . The OR for diastolic hypertension in male ST users was 2.3( 95% C.I. = 1.3-4.3). Prevalence of systolic hypertension was higher in exclusive ST users too though this was not statistically significant (43%,36.4%;p value = 0.39.). ST consumption is associated with increased prevalence of high BP in the adult male rural population.This is an indicator of increased predisposition to major adverse cardiac events later in their life time. Prevention of ST consumption could be an important intervention in preventing the ongoing upswing in prevalence of chronic heart disease.
    Tobacco Induced Diseases 11/2009; 5:15.
  • Source
    Article: [Smokeless tobacco and cardiovascular risk].
    M Underner, J Perriot, P Sosner, D Herpin
    [show abstract] [hide abstract]
    ABSTRACT: The use of "snus" (smokeless tobacco) can be detrimental to health. Snus delivers rapidly high doses of nicotine which can lead to addiction. The use of snus increases the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke. Nicotine substitution therapy as well as bupropion and varenicline reduce withdrawal symptoms and tobacco craving during snus cessation. However, they have been shown not to assist in long-term abstinence. Information concerning potential cardiovascular hazards of snus must be incorporated into health educational programs in order to discourage its use. Snus is not a recommended product to help stop smoking.
    Annales de cardiologie et d'angeiologie 08/2011; 61(2):105-10. · 0.21 Impact Factor
Data provided are for informational purposes only. Although carefully collected, accuracy cannot be guaranteed. The impact factor represents a rough estimation of the journal's impact factor and does not reflect the actual current impact factor. Publisher conditions are provided by RoMEO. Differing provisions from the publisher's actual policy or licence agreement may be applicable.

Keywords

95% confidence interval
 
adverse health effects
 
cardiovascular disease
 
cardiovascular risks
 
construction workers
 
Cox proportional hazards regression model
 
fatal cases
 
fatal myocardial infarction
 
great public health concern
 
increased risk
 
long-term use
 
multivariable-adjusted relative risks
 
myocardial infarction
 
national registers
 
nonfatal cases
 
relative risk
 
snuff use
 
Swedish Construction Industry's Organization
 
tobacco use
 
Working Environment Safety
 

M-P Hergens