The feeding value of corn distillers solubles for lactating dairy cows.

Abstract

Fifteen Holstein cows (10 multiparous and 5 primiparous) in early to mid lactation (79.3 +/- 9.2 d in milk) were used in a multiple 5 x 5 Latin square design with 4-wk periods to evaluate and compare the use of condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS) and dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) in the total mixed ration. The forage portion of the diets was kept constant at 27.5% corn silage and 27.5% alfalfa hay (dry matter basis). Diets were 1) 0% distillers grains products (control); 2) 18.5% DDGS; 3) 10% CCDS; 4) 20% CCDS; and 5) a combination diet of 18.5% DDGS with 10% CCDS. Diets 2 and 3 contained 2% fat from DDGS or CCDS, whereas diet 4 contained 4% fat from CCDS and diet 5 contained 4% fat from the blend of DDGS and CCDS. The diets were balanced to provide 17% crude protein with variation in acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and fat concentration. Dry matter intake (21.5 kg/d) was similar for all diets. Milk yield (33.8, 36.2, 35.5, 36.0, and 36.0 kg/d) tended to be greater for diets 2 to 5 than for diet 1, whereas yields of fat (1.04 kg/d), protein (1.02 kg/d), fat percentage (2.94), and protein percentage (2.98) were similar for all diets. Energy-corrected milk (32.2 kg/d) and feed efficiency (1.58 kg of energy-corrected milk/kg of dry matter intake) were similar for all diets. Milk urea nitrogen (15.0, 10.9, 11.1, 11.0, and 11.4 mg/dL) as well as blood urea nitrogen (15.6, 12.5, 14.6, 13.8, and 14.2 mg/dL) were decreased in diets 2 to 5 compared with diet 1. Milk concentrations of long-chain fatty acids as well as polyunsaturated fatty acids were greater and medium-chain fatty acid concentrations were lower for diets 2 to 5 compared with diet 1. Concentrations of cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 0.33, 0.68, 0.51, 0.85, and 1.07 g/100 g of fatty acids) as well as trans-10, cis-12 CLA (<0.01, 0.01, <0.01, 0.02, and 0.02 g/100 g of fatty acids) were greater for diets 2 to 5 compared with diet 1. Molar proportions of ruminal acetate decreased and propionate increased for diets 2 to 5 compared with diet 1. The results showed that CCDS is as effective as DDGS in replacing soybean meal and corn grain in the total mixed ration.

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Abstract
Fifteen Holstein cows in early to midlactation (79.3 + 9.2, DIM) were used in this experiment to evaluate
and compare the use of condensed corn distillers solubles (CCDS) and dried distillers grains with
solubles (DDGS) in the total mixed ration. The forage portion of the diets was kept constant at 27.5%
corn silage and 27.5% alfalfa hay (DM basis). Diets were: 1) 0% distillers grains products (control), 2)
18.5% DDGS, 3) 10% CCDS, and 4) 20% CCDS, and 5) a combination diet of 18.5% DDGS with 10%
CCDS. Diets 2 and 3 contained 2% added fat from DDGS or CCDS while diet 4 contained 4% added
fat from CCDS and diet 5 contained 4% added fat from the blend of DDGS and CCDS. The diets were
balanced to provide 17% CP with variation in ADF, NDF, and fat contents. Dry matter intake (21.4,
22.0, 20.9, 21.3, and 21.9 kg/d for diets 1 to 5, respectively) was similar (P > 0.10) for all diets, even
though diets with CCDS were more moist. Milk yield (33.8, 36.2, 35.5, 36.0, and 36.0 kg/d) tended (P <
0.10) to be higher for diets 2 to 5 than for diet 1 while yields of fat (1.00, 1.01, 1.03, 1.05, and 1.04 kg/d)
and protein (0.99, 1.03, 1.01, 1.03, and 1.04 kg/d), fat% (2.96, 2.84, 2.93, 2.93, and 2.86) and protein%
(2.92, 2.88, 2.87, 2.88, and 2.90) were similar (P > 0.10) for all diets. Energy corrected milk (32.2 kg/d)
and feed efficiency (1.58 kg ECM/kg DMI) were similar (P > 0.10) for all diets. Milk urea nitrogen (15.0,
10.9, 11.1, 11.0 and 11.4 mg/dL) was higher (P < 0.01) for diet 1 compared with all other diets.
Ruminal acetate decreased (P < 0.01) and propionate increased (P < 0.01) for diet 2 to 5 compared to
diet 1. The results showed that CCDS is as effective as DDGS in replacing soybean meal and corn
grain in the total mixed ration.
Key words: Condensed corn distillers solubles, Dried distillers grains with solubles, Dairy Cattle
The feeding value of corn distillers solubles for lactating dairy cows
A.K. Sasikala-Appukuttan1*, D.J. Schingoethe1, A.R. Hippen1, K.F. Kalscheur1, K. Karges2and M.L. Gibson2
1South Dakota State University, Brookings, 2Dakota Gold Research Association, Sioux Falls, SD
#M236
Objectives:
•To determine the influence of feeding CCDS to lactating cows on
?Milk production and composition
?feed intake and feed efficiency
•To determine the optimal concentration of CCDS in dairy cattle diets
•To determine the response of feeding CCDS in place/addition of DDGS
Materials and Methods:
• 10 multiparous and 5 primiparous Holstein cows in a 5 X 5 Latin square, blocked
by production, DIM, and parity
• 5 periods, 4 wk each: 2 wk adjustment, 2 wk data collection
• Treatment diets:
1) Control -no added distillers source
2) 18.5% DDGS -2%added fat from DDGS
3) 10% CCDS -2% added fat from CCDS
4) 20% CCDS -4% added from CCDS
5) 18.5% DDGS + 10% CCDS -4% added fat from the blend of DDGS and CCDS
• Cows were fed w/ Calan gate feeding system & intakes recorded daily
• Cows were housed in free stall barn
• Cows were milked 3X per day
• Milk samples were taken on 2 d in wk 3 and 4 of each period
• Rumen fluid samples were taken via esophageal tube on 1 d in wk 4 of each
period
• Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Treatments compared
w/ orthogonal contrasts were:
1)Control vs. all other diets
2)18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS
3) 10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS
4) 20% CCDS vs. combination diet of 18.5% DDGS with 10% CCDS
Diet Formulations
ItemControl 18.5% DDGS 10% CCDS
------------------------(% of DM)-------------------------------
20% CCDS
18.5% DDGS+
10% CCDS
Corn Silage
Alfalfa Hay
Corn, ground, shelled
Soybean meal, 44% CP
27.50
27.50
32.51
10.43
27.50
27.50
23.55
1.08
27.50
27.50
24.72
8.50
27.50
27.50
16.93
6.36
27.50
27.50
14.80
0.00
DDGS0.0018.500.00 0.0018.50
CCDS
Vit. & Min.
0.00
2.06
0.00
1.88
10.00
1.80
20.00
1.71
10.00
1.69
7.98.7 8.07.3 7.2Ash
3.53.43.4 3.53.4Lignin
33.6 30.230.933.830.8 NDF
19.619.119.119.4 18.9 ADF
5.15.6 3.7 3.52.5Ether extract
16.917.9 17.116.016.8Crude protein
------------------------------(% of DM)-------------------------------
47.340.4 46.3 54.7 53.3Dry matter, %
18.5% DDGS +
10% CCDS
20% CCDS 10% CCDS 18.5% DDGSControl Item
Chemical composition of Diets
Production Data
36 36
35.5 36.2
33.8
32.832.7
32.3
32.4
31
21.3
21.9
20.9
22
21.4
0
10
20
30
40
Control18.5% DDGS 10% CCDS20% CCDS18.5% DDGS +
10% CCDS
Diets
kg /d
Milk
ECM
DMI
P- values:
Control vs. all others (0.08, NS, NS)
18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS (NS)
10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS (NS)
20% CCDS vs. DDGS + 10% CCDS
(NS)
Rumen Volatile Fatty Acids
65.64
64.64
62.63
61.1361.41
19.99
22.04
22.06
22.29
22.64
10.71
9.82
11.26
12.6912.28
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Control18.5% DDGS10% CCDS20% CCDS 18.5% DDGS
+ 10% CCDS
Diets
mMol/100 mMol
Ac
Prop
Buty
P- values:
Control vs. all others (<0.01, <0.01, 0.07)
18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS (0.07, NS, <0.01)
10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS (NS, NS, <0.01)
20% CCDS vs. DDGS + 10% CCDS (NS)
Summary:
•Milk yield tended to be higher for cows fed
the distillers diets compared with control diet
•Cows fed CCDS diet and DDGS diet had similar
production of milk
•Yields and concentrations of milk components
were similar between CCDS and DDGS diets
•Ruminal acetate decreased and propionate
concentration increased for cows fed distillers
diets compared with the control diet.
Conclusions:
•CCDS can effectively replace DDGS in TMR
rations
•Feeding as much as 20% CCDS (4% added
dietary fat) did not adversely effect production
Milk Component Concentrations
2.96
2.93
2.86
2.92
2.87 2.88
2.9
4.84
4.834.81 4.8
2.84
2.93
2.88
4.8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
Control18.5% DDGS10% CCDS 20% CCDS18.5% DDGS
+ 10% CCDS
Diets
% of Milk
Fat%
Protein%
Lactose%
P- values:
Control vs. all others (NS, NS, NS)
18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS (NS)
10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS (NS)
20% CCDS vs. DDGS + 10% CCDS (NS)
Milk Component Yields
1
1.01
1.03
1.05
1.04
0.99
1.03
1.01
1.03
1.04
1.64
1.75
1.711.73
1.73
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
Control18.5% DDGS 10% CCDS20% CCDS 18.5% DDGS +
10% CCDS
Diets
k g/d
Fat
Protein
Lactose
P- values:
Control vs. all others (NS, NS, NS)
18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS (NS)
10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS (NS)
20% CCDS vs. DDGS + 10% CCDS (NS)
Milk Urea Nitrogen and Ruminal Ammonia Conc.
10.9
11.1
1111.4
15
6.13
8.75
5.34
4.78
5.67
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Control18.5% DDGS 10% CCDS
Diets
20% CCDS18.5% DDGS +
10% CCDS
MUN
Ruminal Ammonia
P- values:
Control vs. all others (<0.01, NS)
18.5% DDGS vs. 10% CCDS (NS)
10% CCDS vs. 20% CCDS (NS, <0.05)
20% CCDS vs. DDGS + 10% CCDS (NS, 0.07)