Article

Quantum theory of orbital magnetization and its generalization to interacting systems.

Institute of Physics and ICQS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Physical Review Letters (impact factor: 7.37). 12/2007; 99(19):197202. pp.197202
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Based on standard perturbation theory, we present a full quantum derivation of the formula for the orbital magnetization in periodic systems. The derivation is generally valid for insulators with or without a Chern number, for metals at zero or finite temperatures, and at weak as well as strong magnetic fields. The formula is shown to be valid in the presence of electron-electron interaction, provided the one-electron energies and wave functions are calculated self-consistently within the framework of the exact current and spin-density functional theory.

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Keywords

Chern number
 
insulators
 
one-electron energies
 
orbital magnetization
 
spin-density functional theory
 
standard perturbation theory
 
wave functions
 
weak