Article
Cytotoxic activity of some Asarum plants.
The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biominetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, P.R. China.
Fitoterapia (impact factor:
1.85).
07/2008;
79(4):293-7.
DOI:10.1016/j.fitote.2008.02.002
pp.293-7
Source: PubMed
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Citations (0)
- Cited In (11)
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Article: Activities of human genioglossus motor units.
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ABSTRACT: Upper airway muscles play an important role in regulating airway lumen and in increasing the ability of the pharynx to remain patent in the face of subatmospheric intraluminal pressures produced during inspiration. Due to the considerable technical challenges associated with recording from muscles of the upper airway, much of the experimental work conducted in human subjects has centered on recording respiratory-related activities of the extrinsic tongue protudor muscle, the genioglossus (GG). The GG is one of eight muscles that invest the human tongue (Abd-El-Malek, 1939). All eight muscles are innervated by the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) the cell bodies of which are located in the hypoglossal motor nucleus (HMN) of the caudal medulla. Much of the earlier work on the respiratory-related activity of XII motoneurons was based on recordings obtained from single motor axons dissected from the whole XII nerve or from whole muscle GG EMG recordings. Detailed information regarding respiratory-related GG motor unit activities was lacking until as recently as 2006. This paper examines key findings that have emerged from the last decade of work conducted in human subjects. Wherever appropriate, these results are compared with results obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies conducted in non-human mammals. The review is written with the objective of facilitating some discussion and some new thoughts regarding future research directions. The material is framed around four topics: (a) motor unit type, (b) rate coding and recruitment, (c) motor unit activity patterns, and (d) a compartment based view of pharyngeal airway control.Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 04/2011; 179(1):14-22. · 2.24 Impact Factor -
Article: Respiratory related control of hypoglossal motoneurons--knowing what we do not know.
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ABSTRACT: Because tongue position and stiffness help insure that the pharyngeal airspace is sufficiently open during breathing, the respiration-related behavior of the tongue muscles has been studied in detail, particularly during the last two decades. Although eight different muscles act upon the mammal tongue, we know very little about the respiration-related control of the majority of these, and almost nothing about how they work together as a complex electro-mechanical system. Other significant gaps include how hypoglossal motoneuron axons find their appropriate muscle target during development, whether the biophysical properties of hypoglossal motoneurons driving different muscles are the same, and how afferent information from cardiorespiratory reflex systems is transmitted from major brainstem integrating centers to the hypoglossal motoneuron pool. This brief review outlines some of these issues, with the hope that this will spur research in the field, ultimately leading to an improved understanding of the respiration-related control of the mammalian tongue musculature.Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 07/2011; 179(1):43-7. · 2.24 Impact Factor -
Article: Cumulative lesioning of respiratory interneurons disrupts and precludes motor rhythms in vitro.
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ABSTRACT: How brain functions degenerate in the face of progressive cell loss is an important issue that pertains to neurodegenerative diseases and basic properties of neural networks. We developed an automated system that uses two-photon microscopy to detect rhythmic neurons from calcium activity, and then individually laser ablates the targets while monitoring network function in real time. We applied this system to the mammalian respiratory oscillator located in the pre-Bötzinger Complex (preBötC) of the ventral medulla, which spontaneously generates breathing-related motor activity in vitro. Here, we show that cumulatively deleting preBötC neurons progressively decreases respiratory frequency and the amplitude of motor output. On average, the deletion of 120 ± 45 neurons stopped spontaneous respiratory rhythm, and our data suggest ≈82% of the rhythm-generating neurons remain unlesioned. Cumulative ablations in other medullary respiratory regions did not affect frequency but diminished the amplitude of motor output to a lesser degree. These results suggest that the preBötC can sustain insults that destroy no more than ≈18% of its constituent interneurons, which may have implications for the onset of respiratory pathologies in disease states.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 05/2012; 109(21):8286-91. · 9.68 Impact Factor
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Keywords
A. caudigerellum
A. crispulatum
A. forbesii
A. himalaicum
A. maximum exhibited
A. sieboldii var
A. splendens
Asian countries
cytotoxic activity
first report
highest cytotoxic activity
inhibitory activities
selective activity
tested tumor cells
traditional medicines
tumor cell lines
