Article

Experience in the management of eighty-two newborns with congenital diaphragmatic hernia treated with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and delayed surgery without the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Service de réanimation néonatale, Universite Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Médecine AP-HP, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Journal of Intensive Care Medicine 23(2):128-35. DOI:10.1177/0885066607312885 pp.128-35
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The aim of this study is to analyze neonatal outcome of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia and to identify prenatal and postnatal prognosis-related factors. A retrospective single institution series from January 2000 to November 2005 of isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia neonates was reviewed. Respiratory-care strategy was early high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, nitric oxide in pulmonary hypertension, and delayed surgery after respiratory and hemodynamic stabilization. Survival rate at 1 month was 65.9%. None of the prenatal factors were predictive of neonatal outcome, except an intra-abdominal stomach in left diaphragmatic hernia. Preoperative pulmonary hypertension was more severe in the nonsurvivor group and was predictive of length of ventilation in the survivors. During the first 48 hours of life, the best oxygenation index above 13 and the best PaCO2 above 45 were predictive of poor outcome. When treating isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia with early high-frequency ventilation and delayed surgery but excluding extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, survival rates compare favorably with other reported series, and the respiratory morbidity is low.

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    Article: Risk factors and outcomes for congenital diaphragmatic hernia in neonatal intensive care unit patients
    Sun Wei, Yuan Tian-Ming, Shi Li-Ping, Yu Hui-Min, Du Li-Zhong
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    ABSTRACT: Objectives. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is one of the most common and serious congenital disorders seen in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and it is associated with a high mortality. In order to determine the risk factors and outcomes of CDH, we summarized data from a 10 year period.Methods. A retrospective study was conducted on 38 CDH patients. Clinical characteristics and risk factors were compared and non-conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to determine independent predictors for mortality.Results. Thirty patients, from a total of 38, underwent surgery for CDH. The total survival rate in patients with CDH was 63.2% (24/38) and the overall operative mortality was 20.0% (6/30). There was a significant difference between CDH patients who survived (n=24) and those who died (n=14) in the age on admission, 5-minute Apgar score, onset of respiratory distress, cardiac malformations and presence of persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborn (PPHN). Using logistic regression analysis, the following factors independently predicted mortality: the age on admission (OR: 8.15, 95%CI: 1.43 to 46.41) and cardiac malformations (OR: 18.54, 95%CI: 1.32 to 259.62). Moreover, when we compared CDH patients who survived after surgery (n=24) with those who died (n=6), there was a significant difference in the admission age, 1-minute Apgar score, presence of PPHN, lung hypoplasia, time of stabilization prior to surgery, and highest oxygenation index after surgery. Conclusions. Mortality was very high in CDH patients and was associated with care procedures. Risk factors for mortality in neonatal CDH were the age on admission and associated malformations.
    Signa Vitae. 01/2010;
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    Article: A randomized controlled trial of fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion versus postnatal management of severe isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
    R Ruano, C T Yoshisaki, M M da Silva, M E J Ceccon, M S Grasi, U Tannuri, M Zugaib
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    ABSTRACT: Severe pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension are associated with reduced survival in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). We aimed to determine whether fetal endoscopic tracheal occlusion (FETO) improves survival in cases of severe isolated CDH. Between May 2008 and July 2010, patients whose fetuses had severe isolated CDH (lung-to-head ratio < 1.0, liver herniation into the thoracic cavity and no other detectable anomalies) were assigned randomly to FETO or to no fetal intervention (controls). FETO was performed under maternal epidural anesthesia supplemented with fetal intramuscular anesthesia. Tracheal balloon placement was achieved with ultrasound guidance and fetoscopy between 26 and 30 weeks of gestation. All cases that underwent FETO were delivered by the EXIT procedure. Postnatal therapy was the same for both treated fetuses and controls. The primary outcome was survival to 6 months of age. Other maternal and neonatal outcomes were also evaluated. Twenty patients were enrolled randomly to FETO and 21 patients to standard postnatal management. The mean gestational age at randomization was similar in both groups (P = 0.83). Delivery occurred at 35.6 ± 2.4 weeks in the FETO group and at 37.4 ± 1.9 weeks in the controls (P < 0.01). In the intention-to-treat analysis, 10/20 (50.0%) infants in the FETO group survived, while 1/21 (4.8%) controls survived (relative risk (RR), 10.5 (95% CI, 1.5-74.7), P < 0.01). In the received-treatment analysis, 10/19 (52.6%) infants in the FETO group and 1/19 (5.3%) controls survived (RR, 10.0 (95% CI, 1.4-70.6) P < 0.01). FETO improves neonatal survival in cases with isolated severe CDH.
    Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 12/2011; 39(1):20-7. · 3.01 Impact Factor
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Keywords

congenital diaphragmatic hernia
 
congenital diaphragmatic hernia neonates
 
diaphragmatic hernia
 
extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
 
first 48 hours
 
hemodynamic stabilization
 
high-frequency ventilation
 
nonsurvivor group
 
oxygenation index
 
predictive
 
prenatal
 
prenatal factors
 
respiratory morbidity
 
Respiratory-care strategy
 
retrospective single institution series
 
severe
 
Survival rate
 
survival rates
 
survivors
 
ventilation
 

Valérie Datin-Dorriere