Article

Adelmidrol, a palmitoylethanolamide analogue, reduces chronic inflammation in a carrageenin-granuloma model in rats.

Università"Federico II", Napoles, Italy.
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (impact factor: 4.13). 05/2008; 13(6):1086-95. DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00353.x pp.1086-95
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) and some of its analogues have shown great efficacy in the treatment of pain and inflammation. Adelmidrol - the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) of the di-amide derivative of azelaic acid - is one of these analogues. The anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of PEA and adelmidrol are hypothesized to be mediated, at least in part, by mast cell down-modulation. Mast cell mediators released at early stage of the inflammatory process drive the inflammatory reaction to chronicity as it happens in X-carrageenin-induced granulomatous tissue formation. In the present study, the choice of testing adelmidrol depends upon the physicochemical properties of the compound, i.e. the amphipatic feature, that make it more easily soluble than PEA. In this study, we investigated the effect of adelmidrol on granuloma formation induced by lambda-carrageenin-soaked sponge implant in rats. Our results show that the local administration of the compound under study significantly decreases weight and neo-angiogenesis in granulomatous tissue. The anti-inflammatory effect was due to the modulation of mast cells degranulation, as shown by histological analysis and by the inhibition of the release of several pro-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic enzymes (e.g. iNOS, chymase and metalloproteinase MMP-9), and mediators (e.g. nitric oxide and TNF-alpha). The results indicate that adelmidrol, given locally, may represent a potential therapeutic tool in controlling chronic inflammation.

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Keywords

Adelmidrol
 
analgesic effects
 
anti-inflammatory effect
 
azelaic acid
 
chronic inflammation
 
di-amide derivative
 
granuloma formation induced
 
granulomatous tissue
 
inflammatory process drive
 
International Nonproprietary Name
 
lambda-carrageenin-soaked sponge implant
 
local administration
 
mast cell down-modulation
 
Mast cell mediators
 
mast cells degranulation
 
metalloproteinase MMP-9
 
modulation
 
physicochemical properties
 
testing adelmidrol
 
X-carrageenin-induced granulomatous tissue formation