Article

Multi-faceted roles for CXC-chemokines in prostate cancer progression.

Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL.
Frontiers in Bioscience (impact factor: 3.52). 02/2008; 13:4595-604. pp.4595-604
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT CXC-chemokines play an essential role in co-ordinating the function of the immune system. Increasingly, these small signaling molecules are recognized in facilitating communication between multiple cell types within the tumor microenvironment. This review will summarize the role of two members of this family, CXCL12 (stromal cell derived factor-1) and CXCL8 (interleukin-8) in promoting the disease progression of prostate cancer, the most prevalent non-cutaneous cancer in men in western society and the second leading cause of death from cancer in men. Evidence for a role of these chemokines in underpinning the development and progression of this disease is supported by examination of prostate tissue and serum samples from prostate cancer patients, from biochemical and molecular investigations conducted on representative cell-based models of this disease and from observation of CXC-chemokine promoted growth and systemic dissemination of human prostate tumors in experimental in vivo models. The future potential of employing strategies to attenuate chemokine expression or alternatively to selectively block chemokine receptor signaling to effect greater long-term control or enhanced therapeutic response in this disease is also discussed.

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Keywords

attenuate chemokine expression
 
co-ordinating
 
CXCL8
 
disease progression
 
effect greater long-term control
 
essential role
 
facilitating communication
 
future potential
 
human prostate tumors
 
multiple cell types
 
prevalent non-cutaneous cancer
 
prostate cancer
 
prostate cancer patients
 
prostate tissue
 
representative cell-based models
 
selectively block chemokine receptor signaling
 
small signaling molecules
 
stromal cell
 
systemic dissemination
 
tumor microenvironment