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Focal cerebral ischemia.

Stefan Braeuninger, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Bernhard Nieswandt, Guido Stoll

Department of Neurology, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany.

Journal Article: Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) 01/2012; 788:29-42. DOI: 10.1007/978-1-61779-307-3_3

Abstract

Rodent models of focal cerebral ischemia have been extremely useful in elucidating pathomechanisms of human stroke. Most commonly, a monofilament is advanced through the internal carotid artery of rodents to occlude the origin of the middle cerebral artery thus leading to critical ischemia in the corresponding vascular territory. The filament can be removed after different occlusion times allowing reperfusion (transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model) or is left permanently within the internal carotid artery (permanent MCAO model) both mimicking clinical thromboembolic stroke in which the occluding clot may resolve spontaneously or after thrombolysis, or may persist. Overall, the occlusion time determines the extent of ischemic brain damage, but infarcts still grow during reperfusion, a process involving complex interactions between platelets, endothelial cells, immune cells, and the coagulation system.

Source: PubMed

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Keywords

coagulation system
 
complex interactions
 
corresponding vascular territory
 
different occlusion times
 
endothelial cells
 
focal cerebral ischemia
 
human stroke
 
internal carotid artery
 
ischemic brain damage
 
middle cerebral artery
 
permanent MCAO model
 
Rodent models
 
rodents
 
thrombolysis
 
transient middle cerebral artery occlusion