Peptide-bound dinitrosyliron complexes (DNICs) and neutral/reduced-form Roussin's red esters (RREs/rRREs): understanding nitrosylation of [Fe-S] clusters leading to the formation of DNICs and RREs using a de novo design strategy.

Abstract

This manuscript describes the interaction of low-molecular-weight DNICs with short peptides designed to explore the stability and structure of DNIC-peptide/RRE-peptide constructs. Although characterization of protein-bound and low-molecular-weight DNICs is possible via EPR, XAS, and NRVS, this study demonstrates that the combination of aqueous IR ν(NO) and UV-vis spectra can serve as an efficient tool to characterize and discriminate peptide-bound DNICs and RREs. The de novo chelate-cysteine-containing peptides KC(A)(n)CK-bound (n = 1-4) dinitrosyliron complexes KC(A)(n)CK-DNIC (CnA-DNIC) and monodentate-cysteine-containing peptides KCAAK-/KCAAHK-bound Roussin's red esters (RREs) KCAAK-RRE/KCAAHK-RRE were synthesized and characterized by aqueous IR, UV-vis, EPR, CD, XAS, and ESI-MS. In contrast to the inertness of chelate-cysteine-containing peptide-bound DNICs toward KCAAK/KCAAHK, transformation of KCAAK-RRE/KCAAHK-RRE into CnA-DNIC triggered by CnA and reversible transformation between CnA-DNIC and CnA-RRE via {Fe(NO)(2)}(9)-{Fe(NO)(2)}(10) reduced-form peptide-bound RREs demonstrate that the {Fe(NO)(2)}(9) motif displays a preference for chelate-cysteine-containing peptides over monodentate-cysteine-containing peptides. Also, this study may signify that nitrosylation of [Fe-S] proteins generating protein-bound RREs, reduced protein-bound RREs, or protein-bound DNICs are modulated by both the oxidation state of iron and the chelating effect of the bound proteins of [Fe-S] clusters.