Article

The influence of elasticity and surface roughness on myogenic and osteogenic-differentiation of cells on silk-elastin biomaterials.

Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
Biomaterials (impact factor: 7.4). 08/2011; 32(34):8979-89. DOI:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.08.037 pp.8979-89
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The interactions of C2C12 myoblasts and human bone marrow stem cells (hMSCs) with silk-tropoelastin biomaterials, and the capacity of each to promote attachment, proliferation, and either myogenic- or osteogenic-differentiation were investigated. Temperature-controlled water vapor annealing was used to control beta-sheet crystal formation to generate insoluble silk-tropoelastin biomaterial matrices at defined ratios of the two proteins. These ratios controlled surface roughness and micro/nano-scale topological patterns, and elastic modulus, stiffness, yield stress, and tensile strength. A combination of low surface roughness and high stiffness in the silk-tropoelastin materials promoted proliferation and myogenic-differentiation of C2C12 cells. In contrast, high surface roughness with micro/nano-scale surface patterns was favored by hMSCs. Increasing the content of human tropoelastin in the silk-tropoelastin materials enhanced the proliferation and osteogenic-differentiation of hMSCs. We conclude that the silk-tropoelastin composition facilitates fine tuning of the growth and differentiation of these cells.

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    Article: High-strength silk protein scaffolds for bone repair.
    Biman B Mandal, Ariela Grinberg, Eun Seok Gil, Bruce Panilaitis, David L Kaplan
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    ABSTRACT: Biomaterials for bone tissue regeneration represent a major focus of orthopedic research. However, only a handful of polymeric biomaterials are utilized today because of their failure to address critical issues like compressive strength for load-bearing bone grafts. In this study development of a high compressive strength (~13 MPa hydrated state) polymeric bone composite materials is reported, based on silk protein-protein interfacial bonding. Micron-sized silk fibers (10-600 µm) obtained utilizing alkali hydrolysis were used as reinforcement in a compact fiber composite with tunable compressive strength, surface roughness, and porosity based on the fiber length included. A combination of surface roughness, porosity, and scaffold stiffness favored human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward bone-like tissue in vitro based on biochemical and gene expression for bone markers. Further, minimal in vivo immunomodulatory responses suggested compatibility of the fabricated silk-fiber-reinforced composite matrices for bone engineering applications.
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 05/2012; 109(20):7699-704. · 9.68 Impact Factor
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Keywords

C2C12 myoblasts
 
control beta-sheet crystal formation
 
elastic modulus
 
hMSCs
 
human bone marrow
 
human tropoelastin
 
insoluble silk-tropoelastin biomaterial matrices
 
interactions
 
low surface roughness
 
micro/nano-scale topological patterns
 
myogenic-
 
myogenic-differentiation
 
ratios
 
silk-tropoelastin biomaterials
 
silk-tropoelastin composition facilitates fine tuning
 
silk-tropoelastin materials
 
surface roughness
 
Temperature-controlled water vapor annealing
 
tensile strength