Article

A multiplex SNaPshot assay as a rapid method for detecting KRAS and BRAF mutations in advanced colorectal cancers.

Platform of Molecular Biology of Cancers, University Hospital of Besançon, Besançon, France.
The Journal of molecular diagnostics: JMD (impact factor: 3.48). 09/2011; 13(5):485-92. DOI:10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.05.010 pp.485-92
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT The analysis of KRAS mutations has become a prerequisite for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor therapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancers. KRAS mutations are associated with resistance to treatment by monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab and panitumumab and thus are correlated with a shorter progression-free survival. BRAF mutations also may play a role in treatment decisions. The widespread use of these targeted therapies has generated the need to develop cost-effective methods for routine KRAS and BRAF analysis. The aim of this study was to compare a multiplex SNaPshot assay with DNA sequencing and high-resolution melting analysis for identifying KRAS codons 12 and 13 and BRAF codon 600 mutations. Thus 110 routinely formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue blocks were tested by each method. The SNaPshot analysis detected KRAS and BRAF codon 600 mutations in, respectively, 34.5% (n = 38) and 10% (n = 11) of these tissue blocks. These results were confirmed by direct DNA sequencing and by high-resolution melting analysis. The costs and time constraints of each detection method were compared at the same time. In conclusion, our newly designed multiplex SNaPshot assay is a fast, inexpensive, sensitive, and robust technique for molecular diagnostic practices and patient selection.

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    Article: Detection of the transforming AKT1 mutation E17K in non-small cell lung cancer by high resolution melting.
    Hongdo Do, Benjamin Solomon, Paul L Mitchell, Stephen B Fox, Alexander Dobrovic
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    ABSTRACT: A recurrent somatic mutation, E17K, in the pleckstrin homology domain of the AKT1 gene, has been recently described in breast, colorectal, and ovarian cancers. AKT1 is a pivotal mediator of signalling pathways involved in cell survival, proliferation and growth. The E17K mutation stimulates downstream signalling and exhibits transforming activity in vitro and in vivo. We developed a sensitive high resolution melting (HRM) assay to detect the E17K mutation from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumours. We screened 219 non-small cell lung cancer biopsies for the mutation using HRM analysis. Four samples were identified as HRM positive. Subsequent sequencing of those samples confirmed the E17K mutation in one of the cases. A rare single nucleotide polymorphism was detected in each of the remaining three samples. The E17K was found in one of the 14 squamous cell carcinomas. No mutations were found in 141 adenocarcinomas and 39 large cell carcinomas. The AKT1 E17K mutation is very rare in lung cancer and might be associated with tumorigenesis in squamous cell carcinoma. HRM represents a rapid cost-effective and robust screening of low frequency mutations such as AKT1 mutations in clinical samples.
    BMC Research Notes 02/2008; 1:14.
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Keywords

BRAF analysis
 
BRAF codon 600 mutations
 
BRAF mutations
 
cost-effective methods
 
designed multiplex SNaPshot assay
 
direct DNA sequencing
 
DNA sequencing
 
KRAS codons 12
 
KRAS mutations
 
metastatic colorectal cancers
 
molecular diagnostic practices
 
monoclonal antibodies
 
multiplex SNaPshot assay
 
paraffin-embedded tissue blocks
 
patient selection
 
robust technique
 
routine KRAS
 
SNaPshot analysis
 
targeted therapies
 
time constraints