[Comparison of the influence of mineral trioxide aggregate and calcium hydroxide on dental pulp of permanent teeth in biological treatment and cell cultures].

The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a new product called Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) used in direct and indirect pulp capping. The results of pulp treatment using therapeutic MTA with the results after application of calcium hydroxide were compared. Moreover, the aim of the study was to determine the toxicity of the investigated materials in relation to human fibroblast cultures derived from dental pulp.
The study included 97 patients, male and female in the age 8-56 years. A total of 135 vital pulp therapy treatments were performed. Depending on the material and methods, the patients were assigned to four groups.
In the carried out study 88.2% of the results were positive after a direct coverage of the pulp using MTA and 86.7% of positive results were after the application of calcium hydroxide. In the case of indirect use of both the MTA and Ca(OH)2 100% positive results were obtained. Biocompatibility test preparations showed significantly lower toxicity of MTA compared with Ca(OH)2.
On the basis of clinical examination Mineral trioxide Aggregate proved to be as effective as calcium hydroxide in the direct and indirect pulp capping. It has been shown that the deeper damage to the pulp, of the kind during its injury, worse the prognosis compared to an exposure in the pulp. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate proved to be highly statistically significantly less toxic compared to Ca(OH)2.