Article

Molecular mechanisms of the antitumor effects of anti-CD20 antibodies.

Department of Immunology, Centre of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A F building, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
Frontiers in Bioscience (impact factor: 3.52). 01/2011; 16:277-306. pp.277-306
Source: PubMed

ABSTRACT Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become the mainstay in the treatment of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and have shown significant activity in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Antitumor action of these antibodies results from triggering of indirect effector mechanisms of the immune system that include activation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), or phagocytosis. Moreover, some studies indicate direct influence of anti-CD20 mAbs on tumor cells that leads to induction of various types of cell death. Despite the wealth of data on the mechanisms of cytotoxicity that accumulated over the last two decades their relative contribution to the therapeutic outcome is still difficult to predict in individual patients. Elucidation of molecular mechanisms of anti-CD20 mAbs action is necessary to deliver their maximal activity in rationally designed combinations with other therapeutic approaches and to design next generation anti-CD20 mAb with improved ability to eliminate tumor cells.

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Keywords

anti-CD20 mAbs
 
anti-CD20 mAbs action
 
Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies
 
antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity
 
Antitumor action
 
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia
 
cell death
 
design next generation anti-CD20 mAb
 
direct influence
 
immune system
 
indirect effector mechanisms
 
individual patients
 
mAbs
 
maximal activity
 
non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
 
rationally
 
relative contribution
 
significant activity
 
tumor cells
 
various types